大学英语教案Word格式文档下载.docx
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.GlobalReading
2.QuestionsandAnswerspart2-318-20
Period3-4DetailedReading
PartOne
（1）Itisenergy,notloveormoney,thatmakestheworldgoround.
Somepersonssaythatlovemakestheworldgoround.Othersofalessromanticandmorepracticalturnofmindsaythatitisn'
tlove;
it'
smoney.Butthetruthisthatitisenergythatmakestheworldgoround.Energyisthecurrencyoftheecologicalsystemandlifebecomespossibleonlywhenfoodisconvertedintoenergy,whichinturnisusedtoseekmorefoodtogrow,toreproduceandtosurvive.Onthiscyclealllifedepends.
1.
2.turnn.anaturaltendency;
inclination
3.currencyn.
4.ecologicala.ecologyn.
5.convertvt.change（fromoneform,use,etc.intoanother）;
cause（aperson）tochangehisbeliefs,etc.convertinto;
convertfrom;
convertto改信
6.1）induecourseorsuccession2）oneafteranother
HethatshutsLoveout,inturnshallbeshutoutfromLove.（Tennyson）
byturns
attheturn（ofthecentury
7.
paragraph2-6
Itisfairlywellknownthatwildanimalssurvivefromyeartoyearbyeatingasmuchastheycanduringtimesofplenty,thesummerandfall,storingtheexcess,usuallyintheformoffat,andthenusingthesereservesoffattosurviveduringthehardtimesinwinterwhenfoodisscarce.Butitisprobablylesswellknownthatevenwiththeirstoredfat,wildanimalsspendlessenergytoliveinwinterthaninsummer.
1.timesofplenty:
2.Whatisthegrammaticalfunctionof“eating...,storing...,andthenusing...”?
3.excess:
n.过量，过度exceedv.超过inexcessof超过
4.reservev.n.储备（物）
reserve,preserve&
conserve保持，保存
reserve正式用词
preserve
conserve
5.scarce:
adj.缺乏的
scarce,rare&
uncommon稀罕的，很少发生
scarce
rare
uncommon
Agoodcaseinpointisthewhiter-taileddeer.Likemostwildlife,deerreproduce,grow,andstorefatinthesummerandfallwhenthereisplentyofnutritiousfoodavailable.AphysicallymaturefemaledeeringoodconditionwhohasconceivedinNovemberandgivenbirthtotwofawnsduringtheendofMayorfirstpartofJune,mustsearchforfoodforthenecessaryenergynotonlytomeetherbody'
sneedsbutalsotoproducemilkforherfawns.Thebestmilkproductionoccursatthesametimethatnewplantgrowthisavailable.Thisisgoodtiming,becausemilkproductionisanenergyconsumingprocess—itrequiresalotoffood.Thecostcannotbemetunlesstheregionhasamplefoodresources.
1.agoodcaseinpoint:
agoodexampleofwhatisbeingtalkedabout
inpoint
incase
incaseof
inanycase
innocase
2.Aphysicallymaturefemaledeeringoodcondition
maturea.fullgrownanddeveloped
femalea.ofthesexthatgivesbirthtoyoung
afemaleperson,animalorplantmalen.
3.conceivevt.becomepregnantwith（young）;
form（anidea,plan,etc.）inthemind
4.givebirthto
5.
6.Paraphrasethesecondunderlinedsentence.
7.meetvt.satisfy;
make（both）endsmeet;
meettheneedof
8.consume:
eatordrink,use,useup
Asthesummerprogressesandthefawnsgrow,theybecomelessdependentontheirmother'
smilkandmoredependentongrowingplantsasfoodsources.Theadultmalesspendthesummergrowingantlersandgettingfat.Bothmalesandfemalescontinuetoeathighqualityfoodinthefallinordertodepositbodyfatforthewinter.Inthecaseofdoesandfawns,agreatdealofenergyisexpendedeitherinmilkproductionoringrowing,andfatisnotaccumulatedasquicklyasitisinfullgrownmales.Fatreservesarelikebankaccountstobedrawnoninthewinterwhenfoodsuppliesarelimitedandsometimesdifficulttoreachbecauseofdeepsnow.
1.progress:
进展，进步
2.“Highqualityfood”
3.deposit:
vt.putorstoreforsafekeeping;
keep（money）inabank
Shehadjustdepositedalargesumofmoneyinheraccount.
4.Incaseof:
5.expend:
vt.
expend,spend&
cost
expend
spend
cost
6.accumulate:
v.makeorbecomegreaterinnumberorquantity;
collectorgatherlittlebylittle
Hequicklyaccumulatedalargefortune.
7.drawon利用，动用
Asfallturnsintowinter,otherchangestakeplace.Fawnslosetheirspottedcoat.Haironallthedeerbecomesdarkerandthicker.ThechangeinthehaircoatsisusuallycompletebySeptemberandmaximumhairdepthsarereachedbyNovemberorDecemberwhentheweatherbecomescold.
Butinaddition,natureprovidesafurthersafeguardtohelpdeersurvivethewinter—aninternalphysiologicalresponsewhichlowerstheirmetabolism,orrateofbodilyfunctioning,andhenceslowsdowntheirexpenditureofenergy.Thedeerbecomesomewhatslowanddrowsy.Theheartratedrops.Animalsthathibernatepracticeenergyconservationtoagreaterextremethandeerdo.Althoughdeerdon'
thibernate,theydothesamethingwiththeirseasonalrhythmsinmetabolism.Deerspendmoreenergyandstorefatinthesummerandfallwhenfoodisabundant,andspendlessenergyandusestoredfatinthewinterwhenfoodislessavailable.
2.inaddition
3.afurtherssafeguard:
Deerhaveanothernaturalmeansofprotectionagainstthethreatofthecoldwinter.
safeguardn.ameansofprotectionagainststh.unwanted预防措施
3.
4.expendituren.
5.Whatarethesightof“aninternalphysiologicalresponse”?
6.somewhat:
adv.morethanalittlebutnotvery
She’ssomewhatmoreconfidentthansheusedtobe.
7.Rate:
speed,rate&
pace速度、速率
speed
rate
pace
8.abundant:
adj.morethanenough
Chinahasabundantnaturalresources.
Wehaveabundantproofofhisguilt.
Whenthe"
energycrisis"
firstcamein1973-1974,IwaslivingwithmyfamilyinacabinontheedgeofanareawheredeerspendthewinterinnorthernMinnesota,observingthedeerastheirbehaviorchangedfrommoreactivityinsummerandfalltolessaswinterprogressed,followedbyanincreaseagaininthespringasthesnowmelted.Itwasinterestingandratheramusingtolistentotheadvicegivenontheradio:
"
Driveonlywhennecessary,"
weweretold."
Putonmoreclothestostaywarm,andturnthethermostatonyourfurnacedown."
Meanwhilewewatchedthedeerreducetheiractivity,growawintercoatofhair,andreducetheirmetabolismastheyhaveforthousandsofyears.Itisbiologicallyreasonablefordeertoreducetheircostoflivingtoincreasetheirchanceofsurvivinginwinter.
Noteverywinteriscriticalfordeerofcourse.Ifthewinterhaslightsnow,survivalandproductivitynextspringwillbehigh.Butifdeepsnowscomeandtheweatherremainscoldforseveralweeks,thenthedeermustspendmoreenergytomoveabout,foodwillbehardertofind,andtheymustthendependmoreontheirfatreservestopullthemthrough.Ifsuchconditionsgoonfortoolongsomewilldie,andonlythelargestandstrongestarelikelytosurvive.Thatisafundamentalruleoflifeforwild,freewanderinganimalsuchasdeer.
1.Whyshouldpeopledriveonlywhennecessary?
2.
3.amusinga.funnyamusevt.causetolaughorsmile
4.notevery:
noteachorallmembersofagroup
Noteverystudentintheclasspassedtheexamination.\
请看下面例子：
1.Allisnotlost.
2.Allthatglittersisnotgold.
3.Notallcriminalscanbereformed.
4.NoteveryPresidentisaleader.
5.Everythingisnotperfect.
6.Boththeuniversitiesarenotideal.
5.moveabout:
travelaround;
gofromoneplacetoanother
6.pull…through:
surviveorhelp（sb.）surviveaperiodofdangerorcrisis
7.fundamental:
adj.basic;
veryimportant
PartThree（10-11）Lifedependsonenergy,thusthecyclecontinues.
Yes,life—anddeath,too--isacyclethatgoesroundandround,andwhenanimalsdietheirbodiesbecomefoodforotherlifeformstousebyconvertingthemintoenergy.
Andthecyclecontinues.
Period5-6Practice
P40
英语部分否定归纳PartialNegation
英语中的部分否定（即不完全否定）有如下一些表示方法：
一、all的否定式：
notall…（或：
all…not）表示"
并非都……"
、"
不是所有的都……"
例如：
Notallmencanbemasters.（=Allmencannotbemasters.）
Notallbamboogrowstall.
二、both的否定式：
not…both（或：
both…not）"
并非两个……都……"
例如：
Idon'
twantboththebooks.
Both（the）windowsarenotopen.
三、every…的否定式：
不是每……都……"
Noteverybookiseducative.（或：
Everybookisnoteducative.）
Noteveryonelikesthisbook.
Thisflowerisnotseeneverywhere.
四、always的否定式：
并非总是（并非一直）……"
Heisnotalwayssosad.
五、entirely,altogether,completely和quite的否定式：
不完全……"
，"
并非完全……"
Thebusinessmanisnevertobeentirelytrusted.
Hefeltnotaltogethersatisfied.
tagreecompletely.
Whathedidwasnotquiteproper.
六、allthetime的否定式：
并非一直……"
未必老是……"
Afoolishmandoesn'
tmakeamistakeallthetime.
七、not…and…的否定式，被否定的往往是and后面的那一部分。
Hedidnotspeakclearlyandcorrectly.
Thisfilmisnotinterestingandinstructive.
Shecannotsinganddance.
如果将and换成or，not对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了。
Hedidnotspeakclearlyorcorrectly.
如要对上述的all,both,every,always,以及entirely,altogether,completely,quite和allthetime等词作完全否定，那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词,例如：
Allofthemcandoit.---
Botharegood.---
Everybodylikesit.---
Heisalwayslate.---
Wedon'
ttrustthementirely.---
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