Unit 4 Earthquaks.docx
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Unit4Earthquaks
Unit4Earthquakes
【自主学习】
一、单词速记
1.(vi.)爆裂;爆发
(n.)突然破裂;爆发
2.(n.)事件;大事
3.(n.)废墟;毁灭
(vt.)毁灭;使破产
4.(adj.)极度的
5.(vt.)破坏;毁坏;消灭
6.(vt.&vi.)(使)震惊;震动
(n.)休克;打击;震惊
7.(n.&vt.)援救;营救
8.(vt.)使陷入困境
(n.)陷阱;困境
9.(n.)灾难;灾祸
10.(vt.)埋葬;掩埋;隐藏
11.(n.)掩蔽;掩蔽处;避身处
12.(n.&vt.)损失;损害
13.(n.)裁判员;法官
(vt.)断定;判断;判决
14.(vt.)损害;伤害,injury(n.)伤害;损害injured(adj.)受伤的
15.(n.)电;电流;电学electric(adj.)用电的;带电的electrical(adj.)雨点有关的;电学的
16.(vt.)使惊吓;吓唬frightened(adj.)受惊的;受恐吓的frightening(adj.)令人恐惧的
17.(n.)祝贺;(复数)贺词;congratulate(vt.)祝贺
2、短语回顾
1.立刻;马上
2.结束;终结
3.掘出;发现
4.考虑的少;满不在乎
5.失去希望
6.仿佛;好像
7.严重受损;破败不堪
8.许多;大量的
9.数以万计
10.以......而自豪
三、句式填空
1.too.........to........太.........而不............
Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigswere(太紧张而不敢吃东西).
2.asif引导方式状语从句
(仿佛)theworldwasatanend!
3.leave+宾语复合结构
Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildren(成了孤儿).
4.部分否定
(不是所有的希望都破灭了).
5.定语从句及“the+adj.”表示集合概念
Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthose(被困的)andtobury(死者).
【知识点拨】
词汇解析:
一、burst vt.&vi.(toexplode;tocomeopenorflyapartsuddenlyorviolently)
(使)破裂,爆发;突然发作
Burstintovs.burstout(doing)
Burstwithanger/grief/joy
情景记忆:
1.burst_into___… 闯入……
burstintotears/laughter
=burst_out__crying/laughing
突然大哭/大笑起来
2.burst__into__anger/joy勃然大怒/乐不可支
温馨提示:
burstinto与burstout都有“突然进入某种状态或发生某种情况”的意思,但burstinto后面接名词,burstout后面接动名词。
2、ruin vt.(todestroycompletely)(使)毁灭;(使)破产;毁坏n.毁灭;
(theremainsofsomethingdestroyed)(常用复数)废墟;遗迹,残余
同义词:
Destroy,damage
Beinruins/cometoruins
Ruinoneself/one’shealth
1.inruins 一片废墟
bring…toruin使……毁灭;使……没落
fallin/intoruin成为废墟
2.ruinoneself自取灭亡
ruinone'shealth/fame毁坏某人的健康/声誉
易混辨析:
damage,destroy与ruin
这三个词都有“损坏、破坏”之意,具体区别如下:
1.damage表示“损害,损坏”,通常指部分性的损坏,往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能等会降低,有时用于比喻用法中。
如:
Smokingwilldamageyourhealth.
吸烟会损害你的健康。
2.Destroy表示“毁坏”,通常指彻底的毁掉或毁灭,往往暗示无法或很难修复,有时用于比喻用法中。
如:
Thefiredestroyedthebuilding.大火烧毁了大楼。
3.ruin表示“毁坏,毁灭”,指彻底的毁坏,破坏的原因通常是自然现象、年龄、疏忽等。
现多用于比喻用法中,在真正具体地摧毁或破坏某座建筑物时,通常不用ruin。
如:
Anykindofdishonestdealingwillruinhiscareer.
任何不诚实的交易都会毁了他的事业。
三、shock n.(thefeelingofdistressanddisbeliefthatonehaswhensomethingbadhappensaccidentally)休克;打击;震惊vt.&vi.(使)震惊;震动;(使)惊愕;使触电
1.(be)ashock_to_sb. 对某人来说是一个打击
agreatshocktosb.令人震惊的人或事
2.shockedadj.(主语多为人)感到吃惊的,感到惊讶的
beshocked__by___被……震惊
beshockedtodosth.做某事很震惊
3.shockingadj.(主语多为物)令人气愤的,令人惊讶的
温馨提示:
shock意为“令人震惊的人或事”时为可数名词,其前可以与不定冠词连用。
Thenewsofhismother'sdeathwasaterribleshocktohim.
他母亲去世的噩耗使他非常震惊。
四、trap vt.(trapped,trapped)使陷入困境;设陷阱捕捉n.陷阱;困境;捕捉器
1.betrappedin 陷入……
trapsb.intodoingsth.诱使某人做某事
2.fallintoatrap(=becaughtinatrap)掉入陷阱;落入圈套
lay/setatrap(for)安装捕捉器,设陷阱;
设计陷害,设圈套
五、judge n.(oneappointedtodecidethewinnersofacontestorcompetition)裁判员;法官vt.&vi.(toformanopinionorestimationaftercarefulconsideration)断定;判断;判决
1.judgingfrom/by… 根据……来判断
judge+sb./sth.+by/from以……来判断……
asfarasIcanjudge据我判断,我认为
judge+sb./sth.(+tobe)+n./adj.判定……为……
judgeit+adj.+todosth.认为做某事是……
2.judgmentn.判断,审判;判断力
温馨提示:
Judgingfrom/by…置于句首作状语,v.-ing形式不受主语的限制,构成独立成分。
类似的用法还有:
generallyspeaking 一般来说/franklyspeaking 坦白地说/considering… 考虑到……
六、bury vt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏;使专心
v.burysth.in…
buryoneselfinsth/doingsth.
beburiedin:
beabsorbedin,beengagedin,diveinto
beburiedalive 被活埋
buryone'sfaceinhands双手掩面
beburiedin(=buryoneselfin)埋头于;专心于
buryoneselfin(doing)sth.埋头于;专心于
beburiedinthought陷入沉思
七、Rightaway:
atonce
Atanend:
cometoanend
Attheendof
Intheend
endupwith
makeendsmeet
八、Agreatnumberof
可数:
agreatmany,alargenumberof,manya
不可数:
much,agreatdealof,alargenumberof
可&不可:
alotof,lotsof,plentyof,quantitiesof
温馨提示:
表示“专心于,致力于”的短语还有:
bedevotedto,beabsorbedin;belostin;beoccupiedin;focus/concentrateon;fixone'sattentionon
短语储存
一、atanend 结束;终结
attheendof…在……的末端,在……结束时
intheend最后,终于
bytheendof…到……为止(常与完成时态连用)
makeendsmeet收支相抵
onend连续(地);直立
endtoend衔接;首尾相连
putanendto结束
二、thinklittleof 不重视;认为……没价值
1.thinkhighly/well/alot/muchof对……的评价好
thinkpoorly/badlyof对……的评价不好
thinknothingofit 不用谢,别放在心上
2.speakhighlyof高度评价
speakwell/illof说……的好/坏话
3. a(large)numberof 许多,大量的
温馨提示:
alarge/greatnumberof“许多的,大量的”,相当于large/greatnumbersof,后面跟可数名词复数形式。
number之前可加某些表示数量大小的形容词。
anumberof加复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;而thenumberof加复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
句型透视:
一、Whatdoyouthinkwillhappenbeforeanearthquake?
你认为地震之前将会有什么事情发生呢?
句型公式:
疑问词+doyouthink/suppose/guess+陈述语序
句式点拨:
该结构被称作混合疑问句,其中的doyouthink/suppose/guess是插入语。
该结构中插入语后的句子应使用陈述语序。
二、Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!
仿佛到了世界末日!
句式点拨:
asif是连词词组,意为“好像,好似”,相当于asthough,一般用于句型Itlooks/seemsasif…中,其意思是“看起来好像……”。
如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况时,句子要用陈述语气;当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在的情况时,从句用虚拟语气。
句型公式:
Itseems(tosb.)that/asif…(对某人来说)似乎……(asif后面可用虚拟语气)
seemtobe/like+n.… 似乎……,好像……
seemtobedoingsth./tohavedonesth.好像正在做/已经做了某事
seem(tobe)+n./adj.似乎是……
Thereseemstobe…好像有……
【课堂练习】
一、单项填空
1.________ourearth,orelseitwillbenolongerfitforustoliveon.
A.ProtectedB.ToprotectC.ProtectingD.Protect
2.Whathappened?
Oh,abeeappearedonKate’sdress,andhersudden________ofcryscaredus.
A.breakB.BurstC.attitudeD.express
3.Whathappenedtothepricelessworksofart?
________.
A.Theyweredestroyedintheearthquake
B.Theearthquakewasdestroyingthem
C.Theydestroyedintheearthquake
D.Theearthquakeweretodestroythem
4.________deepdownintheearth,thedeadforestsrottedawayandbecamecoal.
A.BuryingB.BuriedC.ToburyD.Havingburied
5.Ourgovernmentaretakingfirmmeasurestomakepollution________.
A.totheendB.puttoanendC.intheendD.withoutend
6.Thereare________booksinourschoollibrary;however,________ofthemareold.
A.alargenumberof;fourfifthB.agoodnumberof;fourthsfive
C.thelargenumberof;fourfifthsD.alargenumberof;fourfifths
7.Itis________forustodealwith.
A.anenoughdifficultsituationB.suchadifficultsituation
C.toodifficultasituationD.sodifficultasituation
8.IknowJackspendsatleastasmuchtimereadingashe________.
A.doeswritingB.iswritingC.writesD.doestowrite
9.Thisareaexperienced________heaviestrainfallin________monthofMay.
A./;aB.a;theC.the;theD.the;a
10.ShallIgiveyouarideasyoulivesofaraway?
Thankyou.________.
A.Itcouldn’tbebetterB.Ofcourseyoucan
C.IfyoulikeD.It’suptoyou
11.Theplace________interestedmemostwastheChildren’sPalace.
A.whichB.WhereC.whatD.inwhich
12.Thegirlcriedbecauseshe________theelevator.
A.hastrappedinB.hadtrappedby
C.wastrappedwithD.wastrappedin
13.Theboys,________couldnotreachtheshelf,wenttolookforsomethingtostandon.
A.thetallofwhomB.thetallestofwhom
C.thetallestoneD.thetallestofthem
14.Ipassedthedrivingtest!
________!
A.CongratulationB.Congratulationsforyou
C.CongratulationsD.Congratulationonyou
15.________therocketscomingintobeing,theSpaceAgebegan,________Chinaissuretoplayanimportantrole.
A.As;whenB.With;atwhich
C.With;inwhichD.As;while
二、完形填空
Oneofmyfather’sfavoritesayingsasIwasgrowingupwas“Tryit!
”Icouldn’tsayIdidn’tlike__1__,whateveritmightbe,__2_Itriedit.OvertheyearsI’vecometo__3__howmuchofmysuccessIowetomy__4__ofthosewordsasoneofmyvalues.My_5__jobwasjustoneIdecidedtotryforacoupleofyearsuntilI__6__whatIwantedtodoasacareer(职业).__7__IbelievedIwouldworkforafewyears,getmarried,stayhomeandraiseafamily,soIdidn’tthinkthejobItook__8__thatmuch.Icouldn’thavebeenmore__9__.ImasteredtheskillsofthatbeginninglevelpositionandIwasgiventheopportunity(机会)to__10__throughthecompanyintodifferent__11__.Iacceptedeachnewopportunitywiththe__12_,“Well,I’lltryit;ifIdon’tlikeitIcanalwaysgobacktomy__13__position.”ButIwaswiththesamecompanyforthepast28years,andI’ve__14__everycareerchangeI’vemade.I’vediscoveredI__15__alargenumberofdifferenttalents(才能)andskillsthatIneverwouldhavethoughtwerewithinmehaditnotbeenformybeing__16__tryingnewopportunities.I’vealsodiscoveredthatifI__17__whatI’mdoingandworkhardatachievingmy__18_,Iwillsucceed.That’swhyI’mso__19__tobeapartofCareerF.Ithink__20__hascomeandIamdeterminedtomakeitasuccess.
1.A.everythingB.SomethingC.everybodyD.somebody
2.A.untilafterB.eversinceC.sothatD.longbefore
3.A.considerB.ArgueC.includeD.realize
4.A.suggestionB.ExplanationC.acceptanceD.discussion
5.A.hardB.BestC.extraD.first
6.A.determinedB.ExaminedC.experiencedD.introduced
7.A.ActuallyB.GraduallyC.FinallyD.Usually
8.A.helpedB.RequiredC.expressedD.mattered
9.A.carefulB.MistakenC.interestedD.prepared
10.A.lookupB.takeupC.moveupD.putup
11.A.situationsB.ChoicesC.directionsD.positions
12.A.thoughtB.ReplyC.actionD.advice
13.A.easierB.NewerC.earlierD.higher
14.A.permittedB.CountedC.organizedD.enjoyed
15.A.showB.PossessC.needD.gather
16.A.luckyforB.slowatC.opentoD.afraidof
17.A.thinkofB.giveawayC.bel