英语美文Word文档格式.docx

英语美文Word文档格式.docx

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Everyhour,thousandsofkilogramsofmilkjugs,waterbottles,andgrocerybagsarefedintothemachine.TheplasticwastecomesfromlandfillsacrosstheUnitedStates.JohnBordnyniukrunsthecompany,calledJBI."

Basicallythey'

vebeenminingtheirownpilesforusandsendingthemhere."

Mr.Bordyniukhasinventedanewprocessforturningplasticintofuel.First,manydifferentkindsofunwashedplasticsaremeltedtogether."

Theviscosityisclosetowhatmilkwouldbelike.Almostlikewhenyou'

reheatingmilkonthestove.Looksexactlylikethat,exceptitsblack."

Mr.Bordyniukusesaspecialchemicaltoturnthefluidintoavapor.Thisreducestheplastictoitsmostbasicelements."

Plasticsarejustlonghydrocarbonchains.Whatwe'

redoingisre-formingthemintolinksandchainsthatwewantsotheyhaveahighfuelvalue."

Eightpercentoftherecycledplasticisusedtorunthesystem.Independenttesterssayeighty-sixpercentofwhatgoesincomesoutasfuel.BobMolodyniahelpsrunthecompany.Hewatchesastheplastic-eatingmachinepoursathin,brownliquidintoanoilbarrel."

Youcouldtapthisrightnowandthisisreadytogo.That'

sanumbersixfuel,that'

swhatalotoflikeUSSteeluses,alotofmajorcompanies,that'

swhattheypaythebigbucksfor,rightthere."

JBIproducesseveralthousandlitersoffueladay.Itcreatesdifferentgradesoffuelfordifferentindustries.Itsellsthefuelforuptoonehundreddollarsabarrel.Eachbarrelcostsabouttendollarstoproduce.JohnBordyniukbelievesplasticswillbecomeanimportantsourceoffuelfortheUnitedStates.Hesaysthiswillreducethecountry'

sdependenceonforeignoilandreducetheamountofplasticwasteinitslandfills.Scientistssayplastic-to-oiltechnologyisstillnewanddeveloping.Theysayitisnotyetknowniftheprocessisenvironmentallyfriendly.Andsomequestionwhetherturningplasticintooilcanevenbeconsidered"

recycling."

CarsonMaxtediswiththepublicationResourceRecycling,amagazinethatreportsontheplasticrecyclingindustry.Hesaysbecausethereisalotofplasticwasteandagreatdemandforoil,JBI'

srecyclingtechnologymaycreategreatchangesinbothindustries."

Sothey'

regettingvaluefromsomethingthatwouldotherwisegotothelandfill,thingsthatwouldn'

tbeacceptedintoarecycler.”

PlasticInjectionMoldingSolutionsMadeintheUSA

FromVOALearningEnglish,thisistheAgricultureReportinSpecialEnglish.ThanksgivingDayisanationalholidaythatAmericanscelebrateonthefourthThursdayinNovember.Thisautumnfestivalistraditionallycelebratedwithfamilyandfriendsoverabigmealthattakeshourstoprepare.Themealusuallyincludesturkeyservedalongwithdisheslikecranberries,sweetpotatoes,greenbeansandpumpkinpie.Theturkeyisusuallyseasonedandroastedinanoven,butsomepeoplefrythebirdinoilorcookitonagrillorinasmoker.TheNationalTurkeyFederationestimatesthatAmericansateforty-sixmillionbirdsforlastyear'

sholiday.Thegovernmentexpectsturkeyproductiontoincreasetwopercentthisyear.Abouttwo-thirdsoftheturkeysraisedintheUnitedStatescamefromsixstates:

Minnesota,NorthCarolina,Arkansas,Missouri,VirginiaandIndiana.Turkeyiseatenallyear,andAmericanshavebeeneatingmoreofitovertheyears,thoughchicken,beefandporkarestillmorepopular.FederationpresidentJoelBrandenbergersaystwenty-twelvewillnotbeasprofitableforturkeyfarmersasthelasttwoyearswere.Feedcostsareupwhileturkeypricesareaboutthesame."

Cornisournumberonefeedingredient,andthedroughthasobviouslyincreasedthepriceofcorndramaticallyand,frankly,thefactthatanever-increasingamountofthecorncropisbeingdivertedtoethanolproductionalsohasincreasedthecostofcorn.Sothat'

screatedsomedifficultyfortheindustrythisyear."

ThePilgrims'

feastinsixteentwenty-oneisoftenconsideredthenation'

sfirstThanksgiving.ThePilgrimswereearlysettlersofPlymouthColonyinwhatisnowMassachusetts.Theyheldathree-dayfeasttocelebrateagoodharvest.However,otherEuropeansettlersinNorthAmericaalsoheldceremoniesofthanks.TheseincludedBritishcolonistsinVirginiainsixteennineteen.Ineighteensixty-three,duringtheCivilWar,PresidentAbrahamLincolndeclaredthelastThursdayofNovemberasanationaldayofthanksgiving.Innineteenthirty-nine,astheGreatDepressionwasending,PresidentFranklinRooseveltestablishedtheholidayonthefourthThursday.HedidnotwanttoshortentheChristmasholidayshoppingseasoninyearswhenNovemberhasafifthThursday.TheseasontraditionallybeginswithabusyshoppingdayontheFridayafterThanksgiving,althoughsomestoresarenowopeningontheholidayitself.OneofAmerica'

sfounders,BenFranklin,thoughttheturkeywouldbetterrepresentthecountryasitsofficialbirdthanthebaldeagle.ButJoelBrandenbergerdisagrees."

Ithinkwe'

rebetteroffhavingthebaldeagleonourcoinsandtheThanksgivingturkeyonourdinnertable."

SeekingHIVTestsforAllinUSAge15-65

FromVOALearningEnglish,thisistheHealthReportinSpecialEnglish.AnindependentadvisorygroupissuggestingthateveryoneintheUnitedStatesagefifteentosixty-fiveshouldgettestedforHIV.HIVistheinfectionthatcausesAIDS.TheU.S.PreventiveServicesTaskForcesayswiderpublicacceptanceofHIVtestingcouldleadtoearliertreatmentofcases,andfurtherslowthespreadofAIDS.ThetaskforceiscollectingpubliccommentsonitsproposedrecommendationuntilDecemberseventeenth.Thesixteenmedicalexpertsonthetaskforceareappointedbythegovernment.Theyexaminescientificevidenceforandagainsthealthcareservicesdesignedtopreventdisease.CarlosDelRioisco-directoroftheEmoryCenterforAIDSResearchinAtlanta,Georgia.Heisnotamemberofthetaskforce,butsaysearlydiscoveryandtreatmentofHIVisimportantfortworeasons."

Peoplearelesslikelytoprogresstodiseaseandalso,asimportantly,ispeoplearelesslikelytotransmittoothers.Sostartingtherapyearlyleadstobetterdiseaseoutcomes."

HIVisspreadthroughunprotectedsexorcontactwithaninfectedperson'

sblood.Intwothousandfive,thetaskforcerecommendedtestingforallpregnantwomenandanyoneatincreasedriskofHIV.Now,saysDr.DelRio,HIVtestswouldbeofferedasanearlyscreeningtool.Hesaysthatmakesmoresensethanofferingitlaterwhenpeoplegotothedoctorforteststofindoutwhytheyaresick.Anestimated1.2millionAmericanshaveHIV.Eachyearaboutfiftythousandmoregetinfected.Uptotwenty-fivepercentofallinfectedpeopledonotknowtheyhavethevirus.Butamongyoungpeople,theCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionsaysaboutsixtypercentdonotknowit.TheCDCsaysone-fourthofnewinfectionsintheUnitedStatesareinyoungpeopleagethirteentotwenty-four.DecemberfirstisWorldAIDSDay.ThelatestUnitedNationsAIDSreportsaystwenty-fivelow-tomiddle-incomecountrieshavecuttheirrateofnewinfectionsinhalfsincetwothousandone.Thirteenofthosecountriesareinsub-SaharanAfrica.ButUNAIDSresearcherssaythenumberofnewcaseshasrisenmorethanthirty-fivepercentintheMiddleEastandNorthAfricasincetwothousandone.

KurdishLessonsNowAllowedinSomeTurkishSchools

FromVOALearningEnglish,thisistheEducationReportinSpecialEnglish.SpeakingKurdishwasacrimeinTurkeyuntilabouttwentyyearsago.Morerecentlythegovernmenthasbeeneasingsomeofitsrestrictionsontheuseofthelanguage.Now,thegovernmentislettingsomeschoolsofferKurdishlanguageclasses.HalilCecenteachesbeginningKurdishtomedicalstudentsatDicleUniversityinDiyarbakir,inmainlyKurdishsoutheasternTurkey.HespoketoreporterDorianJonesaboutthechangeinpolicy."

Hesaysit'

sabeautifulfeelingbecausethepeoplehadsomanyexpectations,andthegovernmentresponded.Hesaysunfortunatelyithastakenmanyyears–fiftyorsixty–anditisonlyjustbeingimplemented."

Aclasslikethiswouldhavebeenunthinkableevenjustafewyearsago.SabriEyigunistheKurdishdeputyrectoroftheuniversity."

Hesayswiththegovernment'

sdemocraticinitiative,manytabooshavebeenbroken.Andlifehasbeguntobecomenormal.TheKurdishlanguagewasoneofthosetaboos,hesays."

StudentMazlumOzersayshewelcomestheclasses.HespeaksonlyalittleKurdish,hesays,andheseestheclassesasabigstepbutonlythebeginning.HethinkslearningKurdishshouldberequired,especiallyinhealtheducation.HesaysitwouldbeevenmoresuccessfulifKurdishweretaughtstartingatayoungage.Afewhoursdowntheroad,acrosstheborder,SyrianKurdsseizedcontroloftheirregionfromSyriangovernmentforcesearlierthisyear.NowchildrenarelearningKurdishasafirstlanguage.KurdsinneighboringIraqhavehadthatrightforyears.ButTurkishPrimeMinisterRecepTayyipErdoganrecentlyrejectedcallsforKurdisheducationinthemothertongue.HecalleditaterroristdemandoftheKurdishrebelgroupPKK."

Hesaysthereisnosuchthingaseducationinthemothertongue.Hesaysthecountry'

sofficiallanguageisTurkis