高中英语语法名词行从句Word下载.docx
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Themothermustacceptthefactthatherbabyisdeaf.
同位语从句
陈述句、一般疑问句或特殊疑问句可以充当名词性从句
陈述句
TheEarthisround.
Thattheearthisroundisafact.
一般疑问句
Doesheneedmyhelp?
Idon’tknowwhetherheneedsmyhelp.
特殊疑问句
Wheredidhego?
Idon’tknowwherehewent.
引导名词性从句的常用连词
连词that
对应于陈述句
在句子中不作为成分
连词whether,if
对应于一般疑问句
副词when,where,why,how
代词who,whom,what,which,whose
对应于特殊疑问句
状语：
when,where,why,how
主语、宾语、表语：
whatwhom,what
定语：
which,whose，后面接名词
陈述句可以分别充当四种句子的成分
对于陈述句我们需要在句首加上that，然后把that+陈述句这个结构分别放在另一个句子的四种位置构成四种名词从句
一主语从句
把that+陈述句这个结构放在主语位置
ThatEnglishisdifficultisnotmyidea.有人认为英语很难，我可不这么认为
Thattheworldisroundisafact.
Thatthemoonitselfdoesnotgiveofflightiscommonknowledge.
更常见的是用it作为形式主语放在句首，将主语从句放在句末
Itisobviousthathedoesn’tunderstandEnglish.
Itisafactthattheworldisround
Itiscommonknowledgethatthemoonitselfdoesnotgiveofflight.
Itiscommonknowledgethatthewhaleisnotafish.
Itiscommonknowledgethataflashoflightningisseenbeforeaclapofthunderisheard.我们先看见闪电后听到雷声这是基本常识。
Itisshamethatyoudidnotpassthetest.
主语从句的重点句型归纳
1It+be+过去分词+that从句
Itisreportedthat
Itisbelievedthat
Itisgenerallythoughtthat人们普遍认为
Itshouldbenotedthat
Ithasbeenfoundthat
Itmustbepointedoutthat必须指出
同样可以这样用的动词有：
say,expect,know,estimate,forecast等
2It+be+形容词
+that-clause
Itisclearthat
Itispossiblethat
Itislikelythat
Itisnaturalthat
Itiscertainthat
Itisstrangethat
Itisfortunatethat
Itisnecessarythat
3It+be+名词短语+that-clause例如apity/afact/ashame/anhonor,agoodidea,nowonder.commonknowledge
Itisapitythat
Itisafactthat
Itisgoodnewsthat
Itisagoodthingthat
Itisnowonderthat
Itisashamethat
Itisanhonorthat
Itismybeliefthat
Itisamiraclethat
二宾语从句
1把that+陈述句这个结构放在宾语位置
Ithink（that）youareright.
Weknowthattheworldisround.
Ithinkthatasoundknowledgeofgrammarisindispensabletogoodwriting.我认为扎实的语法功底对英文写作是极为重要的。
2只有宾语从句中that才可以省略，主语、表语、同位语从句中一般都不省略that。
3动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。
例如：
Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.
4allow,refuse,let,like,cause,force,admire,celebrate,dislike,love,help,take,forgive等及物动词后可以接不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以接that引导的宾语从句。
Iadmiretheirwinningthematch.（对）
Iadmirethattheywonthematch.（错）
5作介词的宾语
Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.
Itdependsonwhetherwewillgo.介词宾语中如果关系词whether,不可以换成if;
Iamnotinterestedinwhatheisdoing.
HewillwriteabookonhowChinesepeoplelearnEnglish.
6that从句作介词宾语只用于exceptthat和inthat结构。
Hisreportiscorrectexceptthatsomedetailsareomitted.
Criticismandself-criticismisnecessaryinthatithelpsustocorrectourmistakes.
7作形容词的宾语例如：
Iamafraid（that）I’vemadeamistake.
that引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：
anxious,aware,certain,confident,convinced,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,hurt,satisfied,content等。
也可以将此类词后的that从句的看作原因状语从句。
8.It可以作为形式宾语
It不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。
Wethinkitpossiblethatthepricewillrise.find/make/see/hear/feel/think…+it+adj./n.+that…句型中,it作形式宾语,that引导真正的宾语从句,不能省;
9besure/certain/glad/afraid/sorry/pleased+that…句型中,that可以省;
Areyoucertainthatyou’llgetthereintime?
Hewasdisappointedthathefailedtogetthemasterdegree.
10.whatis/wasthematter/wrongwithsb作宾语从句,不改变语序;
Whoknowswhatisthematter/wrongwithhim?
11.有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,第二个和第二个以后的从句必须用that引导.
Shesaidshewaspleasedathervictoryandthatshewouldworkharder.
12.否定转移
若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
Idon’tthink（that）thefilmisinteresting.
Idon’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。
Idon'
tthinkIknowyou. 我想我并不认识你。
tbelievehewillcome. 我相信他不回来。
注意：
若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
Ihopeyouweren'
till.我想你没有生病吧。
三表语从句
把that+陈述句这个结构放在表语位置
Myideaisthatthechildshouldbesenttoschool.
四同位语从句
把that+陈述句这个结构放在同位语位置
Hewaspreparedtoprovehistheorythattwodifferentweightsshouldfalltothegroundatthesametime.他想证明他的理论两个不同种类的物体将同时落地。
Thefactthathesucceededintheexperimentpleasedeverybody.
TherumorthatTomwasathiefturnedouttobeuntrue.
注意同位语从句可能与所修饰的名词被其他成分分开以使得整个句子的结构显得平衡。
HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.
WordcamethatHusseinhadbeencaptured.
Theyspreadthelieeverywherethattomwasguiltyoftheft.
Asayinggoesthatpracticemakesperfect.
这种结构在阅读文章当中常见，遇到时要认真分析句子才能理解。
Drearymonthsdraggedbybeforethetragicnewsreachedherthatherbelovedbrotherhadbeenkilledforanti-Naziactivities.在狱中挨过数月苦闷的日子后，突然一天噩耗传来：
她敬爱的哥哥在反法西斯运动中被杀害。
That的重要性
ThatEnglishisdifficultisnotmyidea.
Englishisdifficultisnotmyidea
如果不加that，就有两个谓语，意思就混淆不清，二英文中句子的核心意思主要靠谓语表达，一个句子只能表达一个核心只能有一个谓语。
Hesaidnowordatthemeetingwasstrange.
Hesaidthatnowordatthemeetingwasstrange.他说会上人们的发言都很正常没有什么奇怪的。
Thathesaidnowordatthemeetingwasstrange.他在会上一言不发，很奇怪
一般疑问句可以分别充当四种句子的成分
一般疑问句要变为陈述句并且用whether/if来引导
Whetherhecomesornotmakesnodifferencetome.
Idon’tknowif/whetherheneedsmyhelp.
Myconcerniswhetherhecomesornot.
Theyarefacedwiththeproblemwhethertheyshouldcontinuetowork.
if只用于引导宾语从句，而whether可以引导四种名词性从句。
If不和ornot连用，whether可以。
特殊疑问句可以分别充当四种句子的成分
特殊疑问句变陈述句语序
Therearousethequestionwherewecouldgettheloan.
Ihavenoideawhenhewillreturn.
Whyherefusedtocooperatewithusisstillamystery.
September11,2001startedoutasanordinaryday,butwhathappenedthatmorningwillbeforeveretchedinourmemories.911时间将会永远铭刻在人们记忆中
Whatweneediswhollynewkindofpoliceforce.我们需要全新的警察机关
Whathetoldyouistrue.
Whowillchairthemeetinghasnotyetbeendecided.
Howapersonmastershisfateismoreimportantthanwhathisfateis.
注意Whatever,whoever,whichever引导的主语从句的区分。
whatever相当于anythingthat,是what的强调形式，表示“无论什么”。
Whatevershedoesisridiculous．
whoever相当于anyonewho,是who的强调形式，表示“无论谁；
任何……的人”。
Whoeverwalksaroundinsuchaheavyrainwillcatchacold．
whichever“无论哪个;
无论哪些”,既指人,也指物;
可以单独使用,可以修饰名词,也可以后跟of短语。
Whicheverofusfulfilshistaskfirstwilllendahandtoothers．
Whicheverbookyouborrowdoesn'
tmattertous．
Themotherwillbuywhicheverbookshersonwants.
Youshouldvoteforwhichcandidateyouassumebest.
IhavenotdecidedwhomIshouldvotefor.
Theygavewhocametothemeetingapamphlet.
Couldyoutellmewherethepostofficeis?
Wedon’tknowwhyhedidnotcomeyesterday.
Changeiswhatkeepsusfreshandinnovative.Changeiswhatkeepsusfromgettingstale.唯有变化才能使我们思维敏锐，富有创意，唯有变革才能使我们永葆青春。
Thepointiswhosebookisthemostinteresting.
Moneyiswhatwearebadlyinneedof.
Yesterdayishistory.Tomorrowismystery.Todayisagift.That’swhyitiscalledthepresent!
Thepointiswhenyouwillbecomerich.
Thisiswhereourbasicinterestlies.
Myquestioniswherewearegoingtohaveourholiday.
Theproblemishowwecangetthethingsweneed.（how在表语从句中充当方式状语）
ThescissorsarenotwhatIneed.（what在表语从句中充当宾语）
ThatiswhatIwanttotellyou.（what在表语从句中充当直接宾语）
Thatiswhyshefailedtopasstheexam.（why在表语从句中充当原因状语）
注意
可以接表语从句的连系动词有be,look,remain,seem等,
“Thatiswhy...”是常用句型，意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”，其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语，该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结，
Thatiswhyyouseethisoldwomanbeforeyouknow,Jeanne.珍妮，这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。
（前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异，说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后，用这一句来进行概括）。
下面是两个与“Thatiswhy...”形式相似的结构，它们与“Thatiswhy...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚：
（1）“Thatiswhy...”与“Thatisthereasonwhy...”同义，只不过从语法结构上讲，“Thatisthereasonwhy...”中why引导的是—个定语从句，将其中的thereason去掉则与“Thatiswhy...”结构一样，例如：
Thatis（thereason）whyIcannotagree.
（2）“Thatisbecause...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语，这也是个常用句型，意为“这就是为什么……/因为……”。
“Thatisbecause...”与“Thatiswhy...”之间的不同在于“Thatisbecause...”指原因或理由，“Thatiswhy...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果，例如：
Hedidnotseethefilmlastnight.Thatisbecausehehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.（第一句话说明结果，第二句话说明原因）
Hehadseenthefilmbefore.Thatiswhyhedidnotseeitlastnight.（第一句话说明原因，第二句话说明结果）
Ihavenoideawhoheis.
Thequestionwhoshouldgoabroadonthisbusinesstourrequiresconsideration.
同位语从句常放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,discovery,information,word,message,thought,suggestion,answer,belief,promise,conclusion,order,suggestion,problem,question,report,belief,decision,doubt,opinion,theory等抽象名词的后面，说明该名词的具体内容。
Wearesurprisedatthefactthatthechildrendiditontheirown．
TheyexpressedthehopethatwewouldgoandvisitGermanyagain
Thenewsthathisheathisfailingmadeussad.
Ihavenoideawheretheyarespendingtheirholidays.
Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.
Thereisnodoubtthathewillcomehereagain.
Hewastorturedbythedoubtwhetherhewouldaccepttheirpresents.
同位语从句和定
升级会员 