牛津英语高一模块一语言知识点文档格式.docx
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vi.斗争,奋斗;
挣扎;
争夺
beastruggleforsb:
对……来说是困难的事
struggletodosth:
努力做……
struggleagainst/againstsbforsth:
为……与某人斗争
struggletoone’sfeet:
挣扎着站起来
struggleon:
挣扎着坚持下去
①Itwasarealstruggleforyoutobeontime.
②I’mstrugglingtofinishthejobyoutellmetodo.
③Theleadersarestrugglingagainsteachotherforpower.
④Wehavelosttwoofourbestplayers,butwe’restrugglingon.
7.devote:
vt.致力于,付出,献身
devotesth/oneselftosth:
致力于……;
为……付出……Hehasdevotedallhisbeingtohiscareer.
★★devoted:
adj热爱的,忠实的,全心全意的
bedevotedtosb/sth:
热爱/忠于……Sheisdevotedtohermotherland.
★★devotion:
(1)n.(tosb/sth)挚爱;
献身,忠心amother’sdevotiontoherson.
(2)n.虔诚alifeofgreatdevotion信仰诚笃的一生
8.forfree/freeofcharge:
免费Igotthisticketforfreefromonewhodidn’twant.
9.fun
(1)n.[U]①快乐,乐趣②滑稽,幽默③有趣的人或事
whatfun:
多么快乐
havefun:
玩得高兴
justforfun:
当笑话,取乐
①Whatfunwehad!
②Havefunonsuchbeautifulbeach!
③I’mlearningtocookjustforfun.
④Sheisverylovelyandfulloffun.她很活泼又很幽默。
⑤It’snotmuchfungoingtoapartyalone.独自一人去参加聚会没意思。
(2)adj.有趣的,愉快的afunnight.
10.lookbackon/thinkbackto:
回顾……
Lookingbackonthosedays,Istillcan’tfigureoutwhatwentwrong.
11.withsatisfaction:
满足地,满意地Heacceptedmyofferwithgreatsatisfaction.
Grammar
1.graduatefromsth:
从……毕业
2.aftergraduation:
毕业以后
3.developaninterestinsth/becomeinterestedinsth:
逐渐对……感兴趣
Aftergraduationfromuniversity,hedevelopedaninterestinarts.
4.upon/on(doing)sth:
一……就……
Uponarrival,westartedourworkatonce.
5.donate:
vt.捐赠donatesthtosb
donation:
n.[dəuˈneiʃən]捐赠,捐赠物Plentyofgoodshavebeendonatedtotheflood-strickenarea.
6.openday:
开放日
7.regretthat:
后悔∕遗憾……
regrettodosth:
后悔要做……
regretdoingsth:
后悔做了……
toone’sregret:
使……遗憾的是
①IregretthatIcan’thelp.
②Weregrettoinformyouthatthesportsmeetinghasbeenputoff.兹奉告运动会已被推迟,甚以为憾。
③Iregrettosaythejobhasbeenfilled.十分抱歉,那个工作已经有人做了。
④Heregrettedhavinglostsuchanimportantchancetostudyabroad.
⑤Muchtomyregret,Ican’tacceptyourinvitation.
Project
1.host:
n.主人,东道主,主持人
vt.主办,主持hostaprogram/hosttheOlympicGames
◆◆hostess:
[ˈhəʊstɪs]n.女主人;
(夜总会的)女招待;
(电视或广播节目的)女主持人;
(餐馆的)迎宾女招待
vt.作东,请客
2.approvesth:
通过,批准
approveofsth:
同意,赞成
approval:
赞成,同意,认可
giveone’sapprovaltosth:
同意……
①Iapproveofyourtryingtoearnsomemoneybutpleasedon’tneglectyourstudies.
②Theauditors(审计员)approvedthecompany’saccounts.
③Haveyougivenyourapprovaltothetripplan?
3.charge
(1)v.①收费,要价chargesb+钱+forsth
Howmuchdoyouchargemeformendingshoes?
②指控chargesbwithsth:
指控某人……
Shechargedmewithneglectingmyduty.她指控我玩忽职守。
③进攻,冲锋charge(at)sb
Wedrewourswordandchargedattheenemy.
④给……充电chargethebattery
(2)n.管理,负责;
指控;
电荷,电量;
费用
freeofcharge:
免费
管理∕负责……
beinchargeofsth:
takechargeofsth:
beinthechargeofsb:
由……负责
①Hewasleftinchargeoftheshopwhilethemanagerwasaway.经理不在时,他负责这家商店。
②Thedepartmentwasbadlyorganizeduntilshetookchargeofit.
那个部门在她负责以前组织工作做得很差。
③ThesepatientsareinthechargeofDrWilson.
4.morethan:
⑴多于;
⑵比……多;
⑶非常(=very);
⑷不只是
①Morethan10studentshaveattendedtheassembly.
②I’mmorehappytotakeyouthereinmycar.
③ThebeautyoftheWestLakeismorethanwordscandescribe.
5.makepreparationsforsth:
为……做准备
inpreparationforsth:
为……做准备(作状语)
①Thearmyismakingpreparationsforafull-scaleinvasion.
②Wearedoingallthisinpreparationforthecomingexam.
6.informsbofsth:
告知某人……keepsbinformedofsth:
使某人被告知∕让某人知道……
①Ihavebeeninformedofthelatestnews.
②Keepmeinformedofwhathashappened.
Unit2Growingpains
1.thanexpected:
和预料的相比Shestayedtwodaysmorethanexpected.
2.can’twaittodosth:
迫不及待地做……Icouldn’twaittotakephotoswhenIsawthesea.
3.Ericrunsinafterit,followedbyadog,walkingveryslowly.
(1)分词作状语,从句和主句的主语必须一致。
(2)followedbyadog为过去分词作状语,表示伴随状态。
相当于andhewasfollowedbyadog.
(3)walkingveryslowly为现在分词作状语,表示伴随状态。
相当于anditwalkedveryslowly.
4.besupposedtodosth:
应该做……YouaresupposedtopaythebillbyFriday.
5.mess:
n.脏,乱
messy:
adj.脏乱的
inamess:
杂乱无章;
脏乱不堪
Thepreviouschairmanhadleftthecompanyinaterriblemess.
6.doing(动作进行∕主动)
done(动作完成∕被动)
with+n+todo(将来)
adj/adv
介词短语性质或特征
名词
(1)WithsomanypeoplecommunicatinginEnglisheveryday,itwillbecomemoreandmoreimportanttohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.
(2)Withallthemoneyspent,Jackstartedlookingforwork.
(3)Withsomuchworktodo,Ican’tspareaminute.
(4)Hearingthelionroaring,Ifeltfrightened,withmyfacepale.
(5)Withtheexamsover,thestudentsreturnedtotheirownclassroom.
(6)Theriverwithgrassandflowersonbothsidesrunsthroughourcampus.
(7)Withastickhisonlyweapon,hefoughtthetiger.
7.Thereisagarbagecanaroundwhicharepiecesofgarbageandwastepaper.
aroundwhich为定语从句的地点状语,后面句子用倒装形式。
→表示方位的副词、名词短语、形容词短语、介词短语放在句首,而且主语是名词时,句子完全倒装。
常见的方位副词有:
here,there,out,in,down,away,off等。
常见的名词短语有:
north,south,west,east等。
(1)Herecomesthebus.
(2)Southeastofthevillagestandsatower.
(3)Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,_______appearedararerainbowsoon.
A.ofwhich
B.onwhich
C.fromwhich
D.abovewhich
8.leavesbinchargeofsth:
让某人负责……
WhowillbeleftinchargeofthedepartmentwhenIamawayonbusiness?
9.sink:
(1)n.水池,洗涤槽
(2)v.(sank,sunk)
⑴vt.使下沉;
挖,掘;
使受挫
◆◆besunkinsth:
陷入(某种情绪)…..
①Threeshipsweresunkthatnightbyenemytorpedoes.那天夜里三艘船被敌人鱼雷击沉。
②sinkawell:
挖井
③Shejustsatthere,sunkinthought/gloom(忧愁)/misery(痛苦)。
⑵vi.下沉,沉没;
下陷,(日、月)落下;
降低,衰退
◆◆one’sheartsink:
感到失望
◆◆sinkintosth:
陷入……;
渐渐……
①Woodwon’tsinkinwater.
②Thefoundations(地基)sanktwofeetaftertheflood.
③Thesunsankslowlybehindthehills.
④WhenIsawthepileofdirtydishes,myheartsank.
⑤NowChinahassunkintogreateconomicrecession.
10.tolerate:
vt.容忍,忍受,宽容
tolerance:
[ˈtɔlərəns]n.容忍,忍受,宽容,耐受力
tolerant:
[ˈtɔlərənt]adj.容忍的,忍受的,宽容的
betolerantof/towardssth:
容忍……;
对……宽容
①agovernmentwhichrefusestotolerateopposition.不容有人反对的政府。
②racialtolerance:
种族上的宽容
③Herownmistakesmadehertolerantofthefaultsofothers.她因自己有错误,对别人的错误就不计较了。
11.defend:
vt.防御,保护;
辩解
defendoneself:
自卫;
自我辩解
defendsbagainst/fromsth:
保卫……免于……;
就……为……辩解
①Whenthedogattackedme,Idefendedmyselfwithastick.
②Thenewspaperdefendedheragainsttheaccusations.报纸为她辩护,驳斥对她的指责。
12.deservesth/todosth:
值得∕应得∕应受……
deservepunishment/tobepunished
13.thatiswhy……:
那就是为什么……
ThatiswhyIcamelate.
14.behardonsb:
对……严厉;
对……苛刻
Well,you'
retooclosetotheproject.Don'
tbehardonyourself.当局者迷、旁观者清,别自责了。
15.berudetosb:
对……粗鲁
Hewaspunishedbecausehewasrudetohisparents.
16.feellikedoingsth:
想要做……
feellikethat:
觉得好像……
①Idon’tfeellikewalkingalonetoday.
②Hefeltlikehehadneverbeentosuchaplace.
wordpower
1.apieceofcake:
小菜一碟,容易的事
AfterclimbingmountainsintheSwissAlps,goingupEnglishhillsisapieceofcake.
爬过了瑞士的阿尔卑斯山后,爬英国的小山简直是小菜一碟。
2.awetblanket:
扫兴的人或物
Theweathermanthrewawetblanketonourpicnicplanwhenheforecastrain.
气象员报有雨,给我们的野餐计划泼了冷水。
3.beallears:
认真听,侧耳聆听
Adetectivemustbealleyesandallears.一个侦探必须眼观六路,耳听八方。
4.pullone’sleg:
开玩笑
MichaelandDerekaregoodfriends,buttheyliketopulleachother'
slegsometimes.
麦克尔和德里克是好朋友,但有的时候喜欢开对方的玩笑.
5.havegreenfingers:
有园艺技能
Ineverhavegreenfingers.我向来不擅长种花草.
6.topdog:
当权派,头儿;
优胜者
Healwayswantedtobetheoneincontrol,thetopdog.
他总是想成为可以控制一切的人,即长官大权的人。
7.givesbthecoldshoulder:
冷淡对待某人
Hegavehiswifethecoldshoulderwhenshevisitedhim.
8.raincatsanddogs:
下倾盆大雨
InthemiddleofthepicnicItstartedtoraincatsanddogs,andeverybodygotsoaked.
野餐进行中,突然大雨倾盆,每个人身上都湿透了。
9.beone’scupoftea:
感兴趣∕喜爱的东西
Workingovertimeeverydayisnotmycupoftea.我可不喜欢每天加班。
task
1.handle:
n.柄,把手;
把柄
Vt.处理,管理;
操作;
经营
①pleasefixahandletomycase.
②Hiscarelessgavehisenemiesahandletouseagainsthim.他的粗心给敌人以反对他的把柄。
③Anofficermustknowhowtohandlehismen.
④Theydon’thandleimportedgoods.
2.fornothing:
免费;
徒劳,无结果
①Childrenunder5cantravelfornothing.
②Allthatpreparationwasfornothingbecausethevisitwascancelled.
3.error:
n.错误
makeanerror:
犯错
trialanderror:
反复试验
Youwillfindoutbytrialanderrorwhichflowersgrowbest.
4.mixsthup:
混淆……;
混合∕搀和……
mixupsthwithsth:
把……与