颐和园.docx

颐和园.docx

《颐和园.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《颐和园.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

颐和园

TheSummerPalaceliesabout20kmnorthwesternoutskirtsofBeijing,itisuptonowthebestpreservedandthelargestimperialgardensinChina.

In1153,theEmperoroftheJinDynastyWanYanliangbuiltatemporarypalaceherecalledthe"GardenofGoldenWaters"ashissummerresort.

In1888,theEmpressDowagerCi'xidecidedtospendthemoneyoriginallyearmarkedfortheChineseNavyandrebuiltthegarden,sheherselfgaveititspresentnameofYiHeYuan（GardenofCultivatedHarmony）,andtheChineseinscriptionofthenamewaswritteninEmperorGuangxu'shandwriting.

Sincethen,theEmpressDowagerCi'xistartedtospendeverysummerhereandhaditrestoredafteritwasdamagedagainin1900.Hencethename,theSummerPalace.

ThemainfeaturesoftheSummerPalaceareKunmingLakeandLongevityHill.LikemostimperialpalacesinChina,theSummerePalaceisdividedintothreeparts:

Hallsforpoliticalaffairs,livingquartersandreligiousbuildings.

ThemostimportantstructuresoftheSummerPalaceis:

PaintingWalkway,thelongestwalkwayintheChinesegardenswithaltogetherover14,000traditionalChinesepaintingsonthebeamsandcrossbeams.MarbleBoat,whichwasbuiltforthe50thbirthdaycelebrationofEmpressDowagerCi'x,andwherecanenjoythehazysceneoverthelakeinrainydays

HistoricalOverview

TheSummerPalaceliesmorethan10KmonthenorthwesternoutskirtsofBeijing,itisuptonowthebestpreservedandthelargestimperialgardensinChina.

In1153,theEmperoroftheJinDynasty（1115-1234A.D）WanYanliangbuiltatemporarypalaceherecalledthe"GardenofGoldenWaters"ashissummerresort.

IntheMingDynasty（1368-1644A.D）,thepalacewaschangedintoandimperialgarden.

In1702,theQingEmperorKangxi（1662-1722A.D）enlargedthegardenintoatempararyPalace.

In1750,theQingEmperorQianlong（1736-1795A.D）reconstructeditandcalledittheGardenofClearRipples.

In1860,theAlliedAnglo-FrenchForcecapturedBeijingandburnedthePalace.

In1888,theEmpressDowagerCi'xidecidedtospendthemoneyoriginallyearmarkedfortheChineseNavyandrebuiltthegarden,sheherselfgaveititspresentnameofYiHeYuan（GardenofCultivatedHarmony）,andtheChineseinscriptionofthenamewaswritteninEmperorGuangxu's（1875-1908）handwriting.

Eversincethen,theEmpressDowagerCi'xistartedtospendeverysummerhereandhaditrestoredafteritwasdamagedagainin1900.

ThemainfeaturesoftheSummerPalaceareKunmingLakeandLongevityHill,ithasanareaof290hectares,approximatelythesizeofsevenTiananmenSquare,italsoboastsmorethan3,000baysofvariousbuildingsindifferentpalaceandgardenarchitectualstyles.KunmingLakeconsistsofthreeforthsofthewholegarden.

LikemostimperialpalacesinChina,theSummerPalaceisdividedintothreeparts:

hallsforpoliticalaffairs,livingquartersandreligiousbuildings.

TheCoveredWalkwayandTheMarbleBoat

TheCoveredWalkwayandTheMarbleBoataresomeofthebestmuseumsintheworld,suchastheLouvreinFranceandtheMusuemofGreatBritain.Inasense,itmaybejustasgrandasthem,ifnotmore.Itsdelicacyindesignmakesitaspecialattraction.ItwouldbeapityifweleavetheSummerPalacewithoutvisitingthegalleryandtheMarbleBoat.

ThePaintingWalkway,morecommonlyknownastheCoveredWalkway,isoneofthemostimportantstructuresintheSummerPalace.ItisalsothelongestwalkwayintheChinesegardens.Itis728metreslonganditisdividedinto273sections.Onthebeamsandcrossbeamsofthewalkway,thererealtogetherover14,000traditionalChinesepaintings.

Ifyoudon'tbelieveit,youarewelcometocountthem.Atremendouscollection.Someofthemarebirds,flowersandlandscapes,theothersarefromfamousancientpoems,dramasorotherliteraryclassics,suchas"MonkeyKing","TheTalesofThreeKingdoms","TheDreamofRedMansion"andsoon.MostofthestorieshereareregardedastheessentialsofancientChineseclassics.VisitorsonlytestthemselvesortheirfriendstoseehowmuchtheyknowaboutChinesehistoryandliteraturewhileappreciatingthosefigurepaintings.

Passedthroughthe"MoonInvitingGate",thestartingpointoftheCoveredWalkwayintheEast.The"MonkeyKingSubduesWhite-BoneDemon"fromthenovel"PilgrimagetotheWest",morecommonlyknowninthewestasMonkeyKing.It'sabouttheadventureoffourmonkstotheWestforBuddistscriptures.

Lookatthisbasedonacelebratedpieceofwritingentitled"TheStoryoftheSourceofPeachBrook"byTaoYuanming,agreatmanoflettersabout1,500yearsago.ThestorytellsaboutafantasticfishingtripofafishermaninHunanProvince,centralChina.

Oneday,hewentfishingandlosthisway.Accidentallyhefoundapreviouslyunknownplacewithpeachtreesallaround.MenandWomentherewereworking