英语专题汇编阅读理解教育文化一及解析.docx
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英语专题汇编阅读理解教育文化一及解析
英语专题汇编阅读理解(教育文化)
(一)及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类
1.阅读理解
Whydoesnightfallbutneverbreakanddaybreakbutneverfall?
Whyarepeoplewhoridemotorcyclescalledbikersandpeoplewhoridebikescalledcyclists?
Inwhatotherlanguagedopeopledriveinaparkwayandparkinadriveway?
Inwhatotherlanguagedotheycallthethirdhandontheclockthesecondhand?
Let'sfaceit:
Englishisacrazylanguage.Thereisnoegginaneggplant,neitherpinenorappleinapineappleandnohaminahamburger.Sweet-meatsarecandy,whilesweetbreads,whicharen'tsweet,aremeat.
WetakeEnglishforgranted.Butwhenweexploreitsparadoxes(悖论),wefindthatquicksandcanworkslowly,boxingringsaresquare,publicbathroomshavenobathsinthem.
Andwhyisitthatawriterwrites,butfingersdon'tfing,grocersdon'tgroce,andhammersdon'tham?
Ifthepluraloftoothisteeth,shouldn'tthepluralofboothbebeeth?
Onegoose,twogeese-soonemoose,twomeese?
Howcanaslimchanceandafatchancebethesame,whileawisemanandawiseguyareopposites?
Howcanoverlookandoverseebeopposites,whilequitealotandquiteafewarealike?
Howcantheweatherbehotashellonedayandcoldashellthenext?
Englishwasinventedbypeople,notcomputers,anditshowsthecreativityofhumanbeings.That'swhy,whenstarsareout,theyarevisible;butwhenthelightsareout,theyareinvisible.Andwhy,whenIwindupmywatch,Istartit;butwhenIwindupthisessay,Iendit.
(1)Whichofthefollowingwordsorexpressionshavethesimilarmeaning?
A.Overlookandoversee.
B.Quitealotandquiteafew.
C.Hotashellandcoldashell.
D.Awisemanandawiseguy.
(2)WhatdoestheauthorprobablythinkofEnglishpeople?
A.Clever.
B.Crazy.
C.Lazy.
D.Determined.
(3)Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?
A.Boxingringsshouldberound.
B.Thereshouldbeeggsinaneggplant.
C.Pineapplesaretheapplesonthepinetree.
D.Sweet-meatsandsweetbreadsaredifferentthings.
(4)Howdoestheauthororganizethetext?
A.Intheorderoftime.
B.Intheorderofplace.
C.Bygivingagreatnumberofexamples.
D.BycomparingEnglishwiththeotherlanguages.
(5)What'sthetone(语气)ofthetext?
A.Angryandproud.
B.Cheerfulandunsure.
C.Upsetanddisappointed.
D.Humorousandlight-hearted.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)A
(3)D
(4)C
(5)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,论述了为什么英语是一门疯狂的语言。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据倒数第二段中的“Howcanoverlookandoverseebeopposites,whilequitealotandquiteafewarealike?
”overlook和oversee怎么会是反义词,而quitealot和quiteafew却是很相似的呢?
可知,quitealot和quiteafew有相似的意思。
故选B。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Englishwasinventedbypeople,notcomputers,anditreflectsthecreativityofhumanbeings.”英语是由人而不是计算机发明的,它反映了人类的创造力,以及列举了英语中的许多悖论可推知,作者想表明英国人是很聪明的。
故选A。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Sweet-meatsarecandy,whilesweetbreads,whicharen'tsweet,aremeat.”蜜饯是糖果,杂碎是肉,但不甜,可知,蜜饯和杂碎是不同的东西。
故选D。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“Whydoesnightfallbutneverbreakanddaybreakbutneverfall?
Whyarepeoplewhoridemotorcyclescalledbikersandpeoplewhoridebikescalledcyclists?
”为什么黑夜降临,却没有黎明;为什么白天破晓,却没有黄昏?
为什么骑摩托车的人叫"骑手",骑自行车的人叫"骑自行车的人"?
以及下文可知,作者主要是通过大量的例子来论证英语是一门多么疯狂的语言的。
故选C。
(5)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“Englishisacrazylanguage.Thereisnoegginaneggplant,neitherpinenorappleinapineappleandnohaminahamburger.”英语是一门疯狂的语言。
茄子里没有鸡蛋,菠萝里也没有松树和苹果,汉堡包里也没有火腿,及下文所举的多个词可知,这些词的意思并不是词的表面意思。
由此可以判断出,作者以既幽默又轻松的语气在论述英语是一门疯狂的语言。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇教育类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Physicaleducation,orPE,isn'trequiredforallhighschoolstudents.Insomeschools,itisn'tofferedforsomedifferentreasons.Butshouldhighschoolstudentshavephysicaleducation?
Theansweriscertainly"yes".
Todaymanypeopledon'tdosports.Butasisknowntoall,doingsportsisveryimportantforanadult.Teachingteenstheimportanceofahealthylifestyleandmakingfitnessplansnowcanhelpteensputexerciseinthefirstplaceasanadult.
Highschoolisn'tthateasy.Manystudentsareunderalotofstress.Stresscanbeharmfultoastudent'sstudiesandlife.Doingsportscanhelpthemdealwithstressbetter,helpingthemliveahappierlifeatschool.
TheAmericanHeartAssociationsaysthat10millionkidsandteenssufferfromobesity(肥胖症).Teensshouldget60minutesofphysicalactivityperdaytocontroltheirweightandtohelptheirbonesgetstronger.Theincreaseinactivitiesthatdon'tgetteenstomovearound,suchasvideogamesandcomputeractivities,meansmanyteensdon'tgettheirrequiredexercise.PEclassesactasapublichealthmeasuretoencouragephysicalactivitiesandhelpteenshavehealthyweights.
Notdoingsportsincreasesteens'riskofdevelopingmanydiseases.Anactivelifestyleoffersagoodwayofprotectionfromthesehealthproblems.Asmuchas75percentofhealth-carespendinggoestowardtreat