人教高中英语 选修8教案全word文档Word格式文档下载.docx

人教高中英语 选修8教案全word文档Word格式文档下载.docx

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一般说来，“教师”概念之形成经历了十分漫长的历史。

杨士勋（唐初学者，四门博士）《春秋谷梁传疏》曰：

“师者教人以不及，故谓师为师资也”。

这儿的“师资”，其实就是先秦而后历代对教师的别称之一。

《韩非子》也有云：

“今有不才之子……师长教之弗为变”其“师长”当然也指教师。

这儿的“师资”和“师长”可称为“教师”概念的雏形，但仍说不上是名副其实的“教师”，因为“教师”必须要有明确的传授知识的对象和本身明确的职责。

1.Abilitygoals

EnablethestudentstotalkaboutthehistoryofCalifornia.

“教书先生”恐怕是市井百姓最为熟悉的一种称呼，从最初的门馆、私塾到晚清的学堂，“教书先生”那一行当怎么说也算是让国人景仰甚或敬畏的一种社会职业。

只是更早的“先生”概念并非源于教书，最初出现的“先生”一词也并非有传授知识那般的含义。

《孟子》中的“先生何为出此言也？

”；

《论语》中的“有酒食，先生馔”；

《国策》中的“先生坐，何至于此？

”等等，均指“先生”为父兄或有学问、有德行的长辈。

其实《国策》中本身就有“先生长者，有德之称”的说法。

可见“先生”之原意非真正的“教师”之意，倒是与当今“先生”的称呼更接近。

看来，“先生”之本源含义在于礼貌和尊称，并非具学问者的专称。

称“老师”为“先生”的记载，首见于《礼记?

曲礼》，有“从于先生，不越礼而与人言”，其中之“先生”意为“年长、资深之传授知识者”，与教师、老师之意基本一致。

2.Learningabilitygoals

EnablethestudentslearnhowtotalkaboutthehistoryofCalifornia.

Teachingimportantpoints

EnablethestudentslearnhowtotalkabouttheimportanteventsinCalifornianhistory.

Teachingdifficultpoints

EnablethestudentstoexplainthereasonswhyCaliforniaissuchamulticulturalcommunityinthe21stcentury.

Teachingmethods

Skimming,scanninganddiscussion.

Teachingaids

acomputer,aprojector

Teachingprocedures

Step1:

Lead-in

IntroducesomeknowledgeabouttheUSA

1.TheAmericanflagisknownas“theStarsandStripes”.

50stars——eachrepresentingonestate

13stripes——theoriginal13states

Red——courage

White——freedom

Blue——loyaltyandjustice

2.Whichcityisknownasthe“BigApple”?

A.NewYorkB.ChicagoC.LosAngeles

3.WhenisAmericanIndependenceDay?

A.June4thB.July4thC.August14th

4.WhichstateisthelargestoneintheUS?

A.NewYorkB.TexasC.CaliforniaD.Florida

5.____hasthelargestpopulationintheUSA.

A.CaliforniaB.AlaskaC.WashingtonD.Texas

6.____isthefirstpresidentoftheUSA.

A.ThomasJeffersonB.JohnAdams

C.GeorgeWashingtonD.AbrahamLincoln

7.TheUSAliesinthesouthofNorthAmerica.ItissurroundedbythePacificOceanandtheAtlanticOcean.ThenorthernlandneighborisCanada,andsouthofitisMexico.

8.somecitiesintheUSA

Step2:

Reading

1.NativeAmericans

Time:

15,000yearsago

Wheretheycamefrom:

fromAsia（bymeansof）

Whathappenedtotheminthesixteenthcentury?

TheywerekilledbyEuropeans/wereforcedintoslavery/diedfromthedisease/survivedtheterribletimes

2.Spanish

Fillintheform:

（animportanteven）

16thcentury:

Spanishsoldiersarrived,foughtandtooktheirland

18thcentury:

CaliforniawasruledbySpain

in1821:

CaliforniabecamepartofMexico

in1846:

theUnitedStatesdeclaredwaronMexico

3.Russians&

Goldminers

DosomeTorFquestions:

Intheearly1800s,RussianhuntersbegansettlinginCalifornia.

In1848,beforetheAmerican-Mexicanwar,goldwasdiscoveredinCalifornia.

Alotofadventurersachievedtheirdreamofbecomingrich.

Californiabecomethethirty-firststateoftheUnitedstatesofAmericanin1850

4.Laterarrivals

Laterarrivals

★Chinesebegantoarriveduringthe11.__________Period,andevenmorecameinthe1860s.

★Italians,mainly12._________butalsowinemakers,arrivedinthelate19thcentury.

★In1911immigrantsfrom13._________establishedatownoftheirown.

★Inthe1920sthefilmindustryboomattractedmanyEuropeansincludingmany14.________people.

★Japanese15.________beganarrivinginCaliforniaintheearly20thcentury,andalotmorehavesettledtheresincethe1980s.

★AfricanshavebeenlivinginCaliforniasincethe16._____,andmorearrivedbetween1942and1945toworkinthe17._____andaircraftindustries.

5.Recentarrivals

★Inrecentdecades,morepeoplehavecometoCaliforniafrom18._____,includingKoreans,Cambodians,VietnameseandLaotians.

★Sincethe1970s,19._______andPakistanishavebeenattractedtoCaliforniabyits20._________industry.

Step3:

Discussion

WhyisCaliforniasuchamulticulturalcommunity?

Whatproblemsdoyouthinkmightarise?

Step4:

Homework

1.Underlinetheusefulexpressions

2.workbook

Unit2CloningTheFirstPeriod

WarmingUp,Pre-readingandReading

a.重点词汇和短语clone，commercial，producer，undertake，arbitrary，object，forbid，accumulate，castdown，objectto，themedia，infavourof

b.重点句子

Itisawayof….Thefactisthat….

Thequestionthatoccurredis….

1.Abilitygoals能力目标

Enablethestudentstodescribecloning:

Whatistheadvantagesofcloning？

Whatistheproblemsordangersofcloning？

Whatisyouropinionofcloning？

Teachingimportantpoints教学重点

Howtodescribecloning.

Teachingdifficultpoint教学难点

Helpthestudentsanalyzethewritingtechniquesofthearticle.

Teachingmethods教学方法

Skimming,task-basedmethodanddebatemethod.

Teachingaids教具准备

Arecorder,aprojectorandsomeslides.

Teachingprocedures&

ways教学过程与方式

StepILead-in

Thistopicisdifficultforstudents.Soteachershouldhelpthestudentslearnmoreaboutit.Dothisinthewayofaskingandansweringquestions.

T:

Youcanimaginehowrapidlythemodernscienceandtechnologydevelop.Ithinkmostofyoumustknowsomethingaboutspacetraveling,submarineexploration,robot,maglevtrain,geneengineeringetc.Butinrecentyears,ahottopic,cloningisoftenmentioned,especiallywhenthecloningDollythesheepappeared.YoumayhavefirstheardofcloningwhenDollytheSheepshoweduponthescenein2019.Cloningtechnologieshavebeenaroundformuchlongerthan

Dolly,though.Firstthingsfirst,whatiscloningandaclone?

Thedictionarysayscloningisthetechniqueofproducingageneticallyidenticalduplicateofanorganism.Acloneissaidtobealldescendantsderivedasexuallyfromasingleindividual,asbycuttings,bulbs,byfission,bymitosis,orbyparthenogenesisreproduction.Itsoundsverydifferentandcomplicatedtous.Infact,Imean,inourdailylife,thishappensoften.Forexample,gardenerstakecuttingsfromgrowingplantstomakenewones.Youoftenseethatyourmotherpicksasmallbranchfromagrowingplanttomakeanewone.Ifshelikesthiskindofflowers,shecandocloning.Cloningalsohappensinanimalsorhumanbeingswhentwinsidenticalinsexandappearanceareproducedfromthesameoriginalegg.Thefactisthatcloningplantsisstraightforwardbutthecloningofanimalsismorecomplicated.Thepossibilityofhumancloning,raisedwhenScottishscientistsatRoslinInstitutecreatedthemuch-celebratedsheep"

Dolly"

arousedworldwideinterestandconcernbecauseofitsscientificandethicalimplications.Youcangiveyourquestionsifyouareinterestedinthistopic.Iamheretodayoneofthescientistswhoworkinthisfield.Iamreadytoansweranyofyourquestions.

S:

Nowweknowwhatiscloning.Aretheredifferenttypesofcloning?

Whenthemediareportoncloninginthenews,theyareusuallytalkingaboutonlyonetypecalledreproductivecloning.Therearedifferenttypesofcloninghowever,andcloningtechnologiescanbeusedforotherpurposesbesidesproducingthegenetictwinofanotherorganism.Abasicunderstandingofthedifferenttypesofcloningiskeytotakinganinformedstanceoncurrentpublicpolicyissuesandmakingthebestpossiblepersonaldecisions.Thefollowingthreetypesofcloningtechnologieswillbediscussed:

（1）recombinantDNAtechnologyorDNAcloning,

（2）reproductivecloning,and（3）therapeuticcloning.

WasDollycreatedbywhatcloning?

AndwhywasDollysoimportant?

ReproductivecloningisatechnologyusedtogenerateananimalthathasthesamenuclearDNAasanothercurrentlyorpreviouslyexistinganimal.Dollywascreatedbyreproductivecloningtechnology.ShewasthefirstmammaltobeclonedfromadultDNAtakenfromanadultcell.Previously,animalshadonlybeenclonedusingembryocellswhichalreadyhavethepotentialtobecomeacompleteembryoinitsownright.ThebigbreakthroughwithDollywasto

makeaclonefromanordinary,adultcell−inthiscasefromafemalegoat’sudder.

HaveyouseenJurassicPark?

Inthisfeaturefilm,scientistsuseDNApreservedfortensofmillionsofyearstoclonedinosaurs.Theyfindtrouble,however,whentheyrealizethattheclonedcreaturesaresmarterandfiercerthanexpected.Couldwereallyclonedinosaurs.

Intheory?

Yes.Whatwouldyouneedtodothis?

Awell-preservedsourceofDNAfromtheextinctdinosaur,andacouldserveasasurrogatemother.Inreality?

Probablynot.It’snotlikelythatdinosaurDNAcouldsurviveundamagedforsuchalongtime.However,scientistshavetriedtoclonespeciesthatbecameextinctmorerecently,usingDNAfromwell-preservedtissuesamples.

Morequestionsaboutcloningaregivenintheappendix.Theinformationaboveisforreferenceonly.Oryoucanchooseseveralstudentsandaskthemtoactoutashortplaywhosemaintopicisasfollows:

Anoldmanwhowasdyingleftallhisfortunetohisownson.Butthedidnotknowthathissonwascloned.Sotwosameyoungmenbothclaimedthattheyweretheoldman’sson.Theyquarreledandfoughtwitheachother;

atlasttheywenttothejudge.Theju