山东省潍坊市届高三下学期模拟考试三模英语试题 Word版含答案Word文档格式.docx
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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Ifyou'
veeverbeenenjoyingtakeoutsnacks,youcanmakethesewithingredients（配料）foundingrocerystoresorevenyourownkitchen,
HosomakiSushi
InJapan,HosomakiSushiisasushirollmainlymadewithsweetriceandseaweed.Thethinnerhosomakiarethesimpler,smallerversionthatareperfectforpracticing.Ittakesyoulittletimetopracticetorollandyouwillhavefunmakingthemathome.
Prep:
20minsCook:
0minsTotal:
20mins
TacoBellCrunchwrapSupreme
ThisisoneofAmerica'
sfavoritefast-foodgo-to'
s.Youcanstuffitwithwhateverstrikesyourfancy.Soitisalsogreatforvegetariansbecausebeefcanbereplacedwithblackbeansorfruits.
15minsCook:
30minsTotal:
45mins
Pumpkin（南瓜）SpiceLatte
Thefirstversionofthisdrinkcontainedspices（香料）,butnoactualpumpkinuntil2015.Itsgreatpopularityhasmeantthatit'
sbeingservedattheendofAugust,faraheadofregularpumpkinseason.Butforthosewhoeagerlyawaitthedrinkeachyear,there'
sevenbetternews:
thepumpkinspicelatteisactuallyquiteeasytomakeathomeatafarmoreaffordableprice.
10minsCook:
5minsTotal:
15mins
BBQChickenPizza
Itissodeliciousthatitisworthwhiletomakefromtheverybeginning.Thispizzaisagreatwaytouseupleftoverporkorbarbecuechicken.Asweetersaucewillgiveyouthemoretraditionalbarbecuesaucetaste.
20minsTotal：
40mins
1.Whichsnackisavailablewithoutcooking?
A.HosomakiSushi.B.TacoBellCrunchwrapSupreme.
C.PumpkinSpiceLatte.D.BBQChickenPizza.
2.WhatdistinguishesBBQChickenPizzafromothers?
A.Itisthemostpopularfastfood.
B.Itsproducingcostisfairlyhigh.
C.Itsingredientsmustcontainmeat.
D.Ittakesthemosttimetoprepare.
3.Whoisthetextintendedfor?
A.Chefs.B.Vegetarians.
C.Barbecuelovers.D.Snackenthusiasts.
B
Oftheestimated2,224passengersandcrewaboardtheTitanicwhenitstruckanicebergandsankonApril15,1912,amere700peoplelivedon.HereisonestoryoftheTitanicsurvivorswhosestoriesarestillhauntingmorethanacenturyaftertheship'
ssinking,revealingthetruefactsofthedisaster.
AjuniorwirelessofficeraboardtheTitanic,HaroldBridewasoneofthetwopeopleresponsibleforsendingSOSmessagestonearbyships,thusallowingtheCarpathiantorescuethe
Titanicsurvivors.
Heandanothermanonduty,JackPhillips,racedtosendSOSsignalstonearbyships－butasthecommunicationsspecialists,theyknewthattheclosest,theCarpathian,wouldlikelynotarriveuntilaltertheTitanicsank.TheyworkedwildlyuntilCaptainEdwardSmithcameandtoldthemtheywererelievedofduty；
theshiphadnearlylostpower,andonlytwolifeboatsremained.
TheymadearunforCollapsibleBandwerejustgettingitintothewaterwhenawavesweptacrossthedeck（甲板）,throwingbothHaroldBrideandtheupturnedboatintotheocean.
Brideand15othersstruggledontothewaterlogged,sinkingCollapsibleBandsurviveduntilotherlifeboatscollectedthemandconveyedthemtotheCarpathian.
OnceaboardtheCarpathian,Bridegotbacktoworkandbeganhelpingtheship'
swirelessofficersendmessagesfromtheotherTitanicsurvivors.
WhentheCarpathianmadeland,Bridehadtobecarriedashore:
hehadinjuredonefootintheplungeintotheocean,andtheotherwasfrostbittenafteranightintheAtlantic'
sicywaters.
4.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword"
haunting"
inparagraph1?
A.confusingB.unforgettableC.romanticD.contradictory
5.WhatwasBride'
sjobontheTitanicduringtheaccident?
A.RescuingtheTitanicsurvivors.
B.InvestigatingtheproblemsoftheTitanic.
C.Sendingsignalstoshipsaroundforhelp.
D.ReceivingSOSsignalsfromnearbyships.
6.WhathappenedtoBrideafterhewasdismissedfromhisduty?
A.Hestayedtheretocontinuehiswork.
B.Heescapedinalifeboatimmediately.
C.HeturnedoffthepoweroftheTitanic.
D.Hewaswashedintotheseabyawave.
7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBride?
A.Responsibleandhelpful.B.Intelligentandbrave.
C.Toughandambitious.D.Considerateandhumble.
C
ThunderstormsoftenshowupuninvitedtoCarnival（狂欢节）inBrazil.Thisyear'
sattempttoinfluencetheskiestookplaceinSaoPablobyaparty'
sofficialsponsor,Skoal,aBrazilianbeerbrand."
Thefunstopswhenitrains,"
saysPedroAdamy,Skoal'
smarketingdirector.Sodobeersales.
AnairplanepaintedwithSkoal'
slogosprayed（喷洒）waterdropletsintocloudstomakerainfallbeforethecloudsreachedthecity.AccordingtoitsYouTubevideothathasbeenviewed12milliontimes,itisa"
missionworthyofsciencefiction"
.
Whetherit'
sscienceorfictionisupfordebate.Theuseofcloud-seedingtoincreaserainfalldatesbacktothe1940s.ButtheUnitedStatesgovernmentstoppedfundingitinthe1980sduetoalackof"
scientificproofoftheeffectivenessofintentionalweatherchange"
accordingtotheNationalResearchCouncil.AnewpaperbasedonexperimentsinIdahofoundthatseedingcloudswithsilveriodideincreasedsnowfallonthreeoccasions,buttheauthorssaythatmoreresearchisneededtofindoutifitcanreliablypromoteprecipitation（降水）,PabloTartar,aBrazilianphysicist,saysflatlythatcloud-seedingis11useless"
Still,governmentsandfirmsinmanycountriesusethetechnology.SaoPablo'
swatercompanyhassignedmilliondollarcontractswithModClimatobringrain,mostrecentlyduringadroughtin2014-15.Althoughcloud-seedingnormallyusesachemicalsuchassilveriodidetoprovideasurfacearoundwhichwateroricedropletsform,ModClimasaysithasinventedan"
experimental"
methodthatuseswateralone.
Carnival-goerscheeredwhenthefirsttwodayswerecloudybutdry.ManysharedSkol'
svideo.Butataround5pmonFebruary24th,theskydarkenedandrainpoureddown.CelebrantsatoneblockpartylefttheSkolstandsandrushedtobuyumbrellasandplasticraincapes.
8.WhydidSkolsupportcloud-seeding?
A.Toincreaserainfall.
B.Topromoteitsbeersales.
C.Toprovideevidenceforaresearch.
D.TohighlightthethemeoftheCarnival.
9.WhichisArtaxo'
sattitudetowardcloud-seeding?
A.Objective.B.Doubtful.C.Conservative.D.Negative.
10.WhywastheUSgovernmentnolongerinfavorofcloud-seeding?
A.Itsoutcomecouldn'
tbeproved.
B.Itworkedinlimitedsituations.
C.Itneededmorefieldresearches.
D.Itusedanun-ecofriendlychemical.
11.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?
A.Couldrainruinfun?
B.Howdowechangeweather?
C.Couldwerelyonintentionalrain?
D.Howdoweavoidcloud-seedingpollution?
D
ColinChapman,thefounderofLotusCars,wasoneofmotorracing'
smostinfluentialengineers.Hesummeduphisphilosophyas"
simplify,thenaddlightness"
.Asimple,featherweightcarmightbesloweronthestraightsthanabeefymuscle-machine,hereasoned.Butitwouldbefastereverywhereelse.Between1962and1978LotuswonsevenFormulaOneconstructorschampionships.
Itappearstobeanuncommoninsightsincehumansalwaysstrugglewithsubtractivethinking.Whenaskedtoimprovesomething,theytendtosuggestaddingnewthingsratherthanremovingsome,evenwhenadditionsleadtonotsatisfyingresults.InonestudyconductedbyGabrielleAdams,alongwithcolleaguesattheUniversityofVirginia,participantswereaskedtochangeapatternonagrid（网格）ofcolouredsquarestomakeitbalanced.Althoughthatcouldbedoneequallywellbyaddingnewsquaresorbydeletingexistingones,78%chosetheadditiveoption.
Butwhypeopleforgetthatlessisoftenmore?
OneexperimentaskedparticipantstoredesignanunbalancedLegostructuresothatitcouldsupportahouse-brick.Participantscouldearnadollarforfixingtheproblem,buteachpieceofLegotheyaddedcutthatrewardbytencents.Eventhen,only41%workedoutthatsimplifyingthestructurebyremovingasingleblock,ratherthancomplicatingitbyaddingmore,wasthewaytomaximisethepayout.Practiceimprovedpeople'
schancesofspottingsubtractivesolutions,suggestingthatmanyweresimplynotthinkingofthepossibility,atleastatfirst.
Whatallthisamountstoisevidencefor"
additivethinking"
enteringthelistof"
cognitivebiases"
（认知偏差）.The2002NobelMemorialPrizeinEconomicScienceswasawardedfordemonstratingthathumansarenotthinkinglogicallyaseconomistsdo.Insteadofthinkingaproblemthroughandcomingupwithanidealsolution,theytendtousecognitiveshortcutsthatarefastand—mostly—"
goodenough"
12.WhyisChapman'
scasementionedinparagraph1?
A.Toprovehisphilosophy.B.Tointroducethetopic.
C.Tosupporttheargument.D.Toprovideanexample.
13.WhatweretheparticipantsaskedtodoinAdams'
sstudy?
A.Tobalanceapattern.
B.Toplusnewsquares.
C.Todeleteoriginalsquares.
D.Tochangeapattern'
scolour.
14.Whatcanweknowaboutsubtractivethinkingfromparagraph3?
A.Itcanmakethingsmorecomplex.
B.Itisashortcuttogainingafortune.
C.Itcanbefacilitatedthroughpractice.
D.Itisacommonwaytotackleproblems.
15.Whatdoestheauthortrytoconveythroughthetext?
A.Lessisoftenmore.
B.Thinklessandactmore.
C.Additivethinkingisashortcut.
D.Economiststhinkmorelogically.
第二节，（共5小题；
每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wealldolittlethingstoboostthewaywefeelandthinkthroughouttheday,Somethingassimpleastakingawalkoreatingapieceofchocolatecanbrightenyourmo
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