高中英语教材核心词汇讲解及训练新人教版必修1Word文件下载.docx
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不知道的beignorantthat…不知道某事
beignorantof/aboutsth不知道某事
Heignoredallthe“NoSmoking”signsandlitupacigarette.
Wecan’taffordtoignoretheiradvice.
He’scompletelyignorantaboutmoderntechnology.
3.concernn.[U]关心,担忧[C]关心的人或事
vt.涉及;
参与;
使担心,使操心
Itisnoconcernofmine/yours.
concernedadj.关心的,关切的,担忧的;
焦虑的(位于名词之前);
相关的(位于名词之后)
as/sofaras…beconcerned就…而言;
依…之见
beconcernedabout/forsth担心…;
关心…
beconcernedin/with与…有关
beconcernedover/atsth为某事忧虑
concernoneselfabout/for担忧;
关心
concerningprep.关于;
有关
Thereisgrowingconcernaboutviolenceontelevision.
ThePresidentisdeeplyconcernedaboutthisissue.
Heaskedseveralquestionsconcerningthefutureofthecompany.
Thischapterconcernsitselfwiththehistoricalbackground.
concerned用作形容词时意为“担忧的;
关心的”;
用作后置定语时意为“相关的;
有关的”。
另外concerning用作介词时意为“关于;
对于”。
4.settlevi.安家;
定居;
停留
vt.使定居;
安排;
解决
settledown舒适地坐下(或躺下);
安静/平静下来
settlein/into习惯于;
适应
settleon选定,决定
settleup付清账单
settledadj.稳定的;
舒适自在的
settlementn.协议,定居点
Thecompanyhasagreedtosettleoutofcourt.
It’sallsettled—we’releavingonthenineo’clockplane.
Isettledheronthesofaandputablanketoverher.
5.suffervt.遭受,蒙受;
后跟pain/defeat/loss/poverty/hunger/punishment/hardship以及表示疾病的词。
vi.后常跟介词from,表示“受……折磨;
受……之苦,患某种疾病”。
sufferern.患病者,受苦者,受难者
sufferingn.(肉体或精神上遭受的)痛苦,疼痛
Manycompaniesaresufferingfromashortageofskilledstaff.
Hesufferedamassiveheartattack.
TheRepublicanPartyhasjustsufferedahugedefeatinthepollsrecently.
6.recovervi.&
vt.痊愈;
恢复;
重新获得
recoverform康复,恢复
recoveroneself恢复常态
recoveryn.恢复,改善
LiuXiangisstillrecoveringfromhisoperation.
Ittookherafewminutestorecoverconsciousness.
Shehasmadeafullrecoveryfromherillness.
7.addup合计
add…in…把……加进去;
包括
add…on(to)…附加,加上
add…to…在……中加上……
addto增加;
加强(多用于抽象意义)
addupto总计;
总共(不用于被动语态)
inaddition另外
inadditionto…除……之外
Thenumbersadduptoexactly100.
Remembertoaddinthecostofdrinks.
Aservicechargeof15%wasaddedontothebill.
8.gothrough经历,经受;
仔细检查;
完成;
用完
goafter追赶
goagainst违反,与…不符
goahead先走;
开始做;
着手干
goby逝去,过去
gooff离开;
爆炸
goon继续;
上场;
流逝
goover检查
passthrough走过;
路过
livethrough经历
lookthrough浏览;
往…里面看
pullthrough(大病、手术后)康复
Ialwaysstartthedaybygoingthroughmye-mail.
He’samazinglycheerfulconsideringallhe’sgonethrough.
Thingswillgeteasierastimegoesby.
9.setdown放下;
记下;
登记
setabout(doingsth)着手(做某事)
setout(todosth)开始,着手(做某事)
setaside留出;
不顾
setback(把钟等)往回拨;
推迟
setfree释放;
解放
setoff动身,出发;
使爆炸
setout动身,出发;
着手;
安排,组织
setup开办;
建立;
设立
setanexample树立榜样
setfireto…=onfire纵火烧
Passengersmaybesetdownandpickeduponlyattheofficialstops.
Thebadweathersetbackthebuildingprogrammebyseveralweeks.
Weneedtosetaboutfindingasolution.
setabout和setout都可作“开始着手做某事”讲,但setabout后加doingsth,而setout后加todosth。
10.getalongwith与…相处;
进展
getalongwithsb同某人相处
getalongwithsth某事进展/进行
getabout/around(消息)传开
get…across讲清楚;
(使)被领会
getawayfrom…离开;
脱身
get…back收回,找回
get…down记下来;
使悲伤
getdownto认真做,开始着手做
getin到达;
收割
geton…上车/船/飞机;
继续进行;
相处
getover…克服;
摆脱
getridof…消灭,摆脱,除掉
getthrough…(电话)接通;
用完;
通过
gettogether聚会,联欢
She’sneverreallygotonwellwithhersister.
I’mnotgettingonveryfastwiththisjob.
It’stimeIgotdowntothinkingaboutthatessay.
Yourmeaningdidn’treallygetacross.
11.joinin参加;
加入
joinup入伍,参军
joinupwith(sb)(与某人)联合,会合
joinhands(withsb)(与某人)拉起手;
合伙,联合
辨析join/joinin/takepartin/attend/participate:
join表示“加入党派、组织、社团、俱乐部”等,如jointheParty/YouthLeague/army/club/organization。
joinin表示“参加正在进行的活动”,如joininagame/discussion/conversation/walk。
亦可说:
joinsbin(doing)sth。
takepartin表示“参加会议、活动”,侧重说明主语参加并发挥一定作用,part前若有修饰语,要用不定冠词,如take(anactive)partinaparty/schoolactivities/physicallabour。
attend表示“出席或参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、典礼,上课,上学,听报告”,如attendameeting/asportsmeeting/aconcert/ashow/school/alecture。
participate为正式用语,和介词in连用,表示积极地参与。
Shelistensbutsheneverjoinsin.
Ourteacheroftenjoinsusinsinginganddancing.
Howmanycountriestookpartinthe29thOlympicGamesinBeijing?
Ourchildrenattendthesameschool.
练习:
1.Theprotestersthemeetingbyshoutingandthrowingstonesatthewindows.
A.attendedB.heldC.upsetD.mixed
2.有些司机就是对速度限制视而不见。
Somedriverssimply.
3.无视别的国家的强烈反对,伊朗政府仍将继续它的核项目。
,Irangovernmentwillgoonwithitsnuclearprogram.
4.Whatthepublicisaboutiswhethermedicalworkersandscientistswillbeabletofindacureforthisnewdiseaseinashorttime.
A.concerningB.concern
C.concernedD.toconcern
5.Howarethekidstheirnewschool?
A.settlingB.settlingup
C.settlingintoD.settlingdown
6.AsaresultofthesevereearthquakeinWenchuan,thewholecitygreatlosses.
A.havesufferedfromB.suffered
C.havesufferedD.sufferedfrom
7.经济呈现出复苏的迹象。
Theeconomyisshowing.
8.警方尚未找回被盗的珠宝。
Policehavesofarfailedto.
9.---HasMarycomebackyet?
---Yes.Shehasgotmanybooksfromherelderschoolmates,which1,000.
A.addupB.adduptoC.addtoD.add
10.Theengineoftheshipwasoutoforderandthebadweatherthehelplessnessofthecrewatsea.
A.addedtoB.resultedfrom
C.turnedoutD.madeup
11.Maybetherearesomethingsamongthegirl’spapers,likeherschoolreports,oldphotosandsoon.Canyouthemandgivemewhateveryoufind?
A.gothroughB.goafter
C.gointoD.gowith
12.Thateveninghewhathehadthoughtabouttheresearch.
A.setabout;
setdownB.setabout;
tosetdown
C.setout;
settingdownD.setout;
13.Idon’tthinkyourspeechtothecrowd,fortheyappearedquitepuzzled.
A.gotbackB.gotaway
C.gotthroughD.gotacross
14.WhenTomwasveryyoung,hewasterriblyfrightenedofdogs,buthesoonthem.
A.gotacrossB.gotoff
C.gotawayD.gotover
15.MysistertheLeaguelastmonthandshehasdecidedtotheactivitytohelptheagednextweek.
A.joined;
joininB.joinedin;
join
C.joined;
joinD.joinedin;
joinin
Unit2Englisharoundtheworld
native,base,command,request,recognize,block,becauseof,comeup,suchas,playarole/partin,
1.nativeadj.本国的;
本地的;
天赋的
n.本地人;
本国人
benativeto原产于某地的,土生土长的
beanativeof土生土长的本地人
gonative入乡随俗,同化
nativeart/dance/peoples土著艺术/舞蹈/民族
nativewit/intelligence与生俱来的机智/才智
ThetigerisnativetoIndia.
HeisanativeofBeijing.
Youcanalwaystellthedifferencebetweenthetouristsandthenatives.
2.basevt.以…为根据
n.基部;
基地;
基础
basesthon/uponsth以…为基础(或根据)
basesb/sth/oneselfin以…为据点(或总部等),把(总部等)设在
thebaseofacolumn/glass/pyramid柱基/玻璃杯底/金字塔底座
amilitary/navalbase军事/海军基地
basedadj.(以某事)为基础/根据的
baselessadj.无根据的;
无缘无故的
basementn.地下室
Whatareyoubasingthistheoryon?
TheydecidedtobasethenewcompanyinNewYork.
Thetownisanidealbasefortouringthearea.
3.commandn.[C]命令,指令[U]掌握
vt.命令,指挥,支配;
博得;
赢得
atsb’scommand听某人指挥
underone’scommand由…指挥
underthecommandofsb在…指挥之下
have(a)commandof掌握;
精通(尤指语言)
takecommandof控制
(be)incommandof掌握,控制
commandsbtodosth命令某人做某事
commandthat…(should)do…命令…
Thepolicearrivedandtookcommandofthesituation.
Applicantswillbeexpectedtohave(a)commandofEnglish.
Thecommissionintervenedandcommandedthatworkonthebuildingcease.
command后面的宾语从句、表语从句或同位语从句要用虚拟语气,谓语形式是should+动词原形或省略should。
4.requestn.&
vt.请求;
要求
make(a)requestfor…请求;
要求…
atsb’srequest=attherequestofsb应某人之要求
byrequest(of)照需要;
依照请求;
应邀
onrequest一经要求
requestsbtodosth请求某人做某事
requestthatsb(should)dosth请求…
requeststhfrom/ofsb向某人请求某物
Itisrequestedthat…据要求…
Hewasthereattherequestofhismanager.
Sherequestedthatnoone(should)betoldofherdecision.
Youarerequestednottosmokeintherestaurant.
常用虚拟语气的动词口诀:
一坚持insist;
二命令order,command;
三建议advise,suggest,propose;
四要求ask,demand,request,require。
5.recognizevt.辨认出;
承认
recognizesb/sthby/from…
根据…认出某人/某事(物)
berecognizedtobe/as被认作…/被认为是…
Itisrecognizedthat…人们公认…
recognitionn.认识;
认出
outof/beyondrecognition认不出来
Drugswerenotrecognizedtobe/asaseriousproblemthen.
Itwasrecognizedthatthissolutioncouldonlybetemporary.
Thebookisnowrecognizedasaclassic.
6.blockn.大块;
大楼;
街区;
一批,一组
v.阻塞,挡住
ablockofice/concrete/stone一大块冰/混凝土/石头
atowerblock高层建筑
anofficeblock办公大楼
ablockofshares一大宗股份
blockoff封锁,堵住
blockout挡住,遮住
blockup塞住,封住
block…from阻止…做…
Hisapartmentisthreeblocksawayfromthepolicestation.
Themainroadsofthecityhavebeenblockedoff.
Thefallentreesblockedusfromgoingintothefloodedarea.
表示“阻止…做…”的动词有:
block…;
(from)…/prevent…;
(from)…/stop…;
(from)…/ban…;
(from)…/keep…from…
7.