四六级写作 三段式 吐血 精华版Word下载.docx
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9....ismainlyresponsiblefor...
10.Themajorfactorliesin..
C.引出事例的句型及词组
1.Take…forexample
2.forinstance…/inthiscase../namely…/suchas…/acaseinpointis.../consider.../statedroughly
3.asanillustration,wemaytakethecaseof..
4.agoodexample(of...)wouldbe...
5.todetailthis,Iwouldliketo...
6.Itisinterestingtonotethat...
7.takeasexample(something);
asregards
8.Icanthinkofnobetterillustrationofthisideathantheexampleof…
9.History/ournation/oursocietyisfilledwiththeexampleof…
其他常用词组
1)顺序关系:
Firstly...secondly...thirdly
Inthefirstplace...inthesecondplace...inthethirdplace
首先firstofall/tobeginwith/firstandforemost
其次besides/inaddition/furthermore/moreover/asidefrom/what'
smore
最后finally/lastly/lastofall/lastbutnotleast/inthelastplace/aboveall/eventually/atlength
2)因果关系:
因为because/becauseofthis…;
beingthat…;
anotherimportantfactor/reason…;
since…;
inthat...;
owingto…;
dueto…;
forthereasonthat...;
inviewof…;
thereasonseemstobeobvious…;
thereareabout...;
forthisreason;
所以asaresultofthis…;
therefore…;
....andso...;
consequently…;
asaresult…;
thus…hence…sothat...inconsequence;
asaconsequence;
accordingly;
inevitably;
3)转折关系:
but;
evenso;
however;
though;
eventhough;
independentof;
recklessof;
despitethat;
inspiteofthat;
regardlessof;
yet...;
andyet;
butunless.
4)并列关系:
and;
also;
too;
aswellas;
either...,or...;
both...and...
5)(补充)递进关系:
notonly...butalso...;
not...but...;
;
additionally,muchmoreinteresting,morespecifically,next,besides;
inotherwords;
ontheonehand...,ontheotherhand...;
even;
asapoplarsayinggoes...;
inordertodoit...;
meanwhile;
atthesametime;
accordingly;
equallyimportant;
ofevengreaterappeal.
6)比较关系:
similarly;
inlikemanner,incomparisonwith;
whencomparedwith;
comparedwith;
wheninfact...;
like...;
likewise;
similarlyimportant;
apartfrom(doing)...;
...ratherthan...,bydoingso;
both…and...;
inthesameway;
notonly...but(also).
7)对照(不同点):
yet;
still;
forallofthat;
notwithstanding;
rather;
neither...nor;
although;
though;
but;
however;
conversely;
unlike;
somethingisjusttheotherwayaround;
opposedto;
asopposedto;
incontrast(to);
bywayof;
onthecontrary;
differentfromthis;
asopposed
tothis;
nevertheless;
contraryto;
whereas;
while;
butontheotherhand.
8)强调关系:
infact;
especially;
particularly;
moreover;
naturally;
whatismoreimportant;
inreality;
certainly;
ofcourse;
indeed;
inparticular;
nottomention...;
believeitornot;
undeniably;
otherthingbeingequal;
itiscertain/surethat...;
tobestrict;
tobetrue;
bydefinition;
definitely;
undoubtedly;
withoutadoubt;
intruth,inanyevent(不论怎样);
withoutreservation(毫无保留地);
9)条件关系:
if;
unless;
providedthat;
ifitisthecase;
inthissense;
once...;
ifpossible;
ifnecessary
10)地点关系:
beyond;
oppositeto;
adjacentto;
atthesameplace;
there;
over;
inthemiddle;
around;
infrontof;
inthedistance;
farther;
hereandthere;
above;
below;
attheright;
between;
onthisside.
11)目的关系:
withthisobject;
forthispurpose;
inorderthat;
inthisway,since;
sothat;
onthataccount;
incase;
withaviewto;
forthesamereason.
12)时间关系:
atonce;
immediately;
atlength;
inthemeantime;
meanwhile;
atthesametime;
intheend;
then;
soon;
notlongafter;
later;
atonce;
atlast;
finally;
sometimeago;
atpresent;
allofasudden;
fromthistimeon;
fromtimetotime;
sincethen;
when;
whenever;
nextpoint;
afewminuteslater;
formerly;
as;
once;
since;
occasionally;
inamoment;
shortly;
whereupon;
previously
三、结尾句式
1.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove/takingintoaccountofallthesefactors,wecandrawtheconclusionthat...
2.Itishightimethatstrictmeasuresweretakentostop...
3.Itisnecessarythatstepsshouldbetakento...
4.Inconclusion,itisimperativethat...
5….isapressingandlong-termtask.Totackletheproblem,weneedto…
6.Tosolvetheabove-mentionedproblem,wemust...
7.Insummary,ifwecontinuetoignoretheabove-mentionedissue,moreproblemswillcropup.
8.Withtheeffortsofallpartsconcerned,theproblemwillbesolvedthoroughly.
9.Wemightdomorethanidentifythecause;
itisimportanttotakeactionsto...
11.Whetheritisgoodornot/positiveornegative,onethingiscertain/clear...
三.范文篇
四六级写作题型:
首尾句作文、提纲作文(最多)、图表作文、命题作文、书信体作文
第一节首尾句作文
即根据段首(尾)句续写短文。
考题将给出每段的首句,一般为三段。
此类题的特点是以题目为中心,每段首句即为该段的主题句(topicsentences)。
考生要按围绕主题句提出论据,从而支持或说明文章主题
注意:
1.所写的内容要紧扣主题,文章应围绕段首句续写。
2.要注意句与句之间,特别是段首句与辅助句之间的自然衔接。
3.一定要审好题,所给的段首句有时是一个完整的句子,有时不是一个完整的句子,只是句子的一部分,这就要求考生找出其中表示中心思想的关键词,围绕这些关键词去扩展、描述或说明。
例题
Directions:
WriteacompositionaboutWhatWouldHappenIfThereWereNopowerinthreeparagraphs,youaregiventhefirstsentenceorpartofthefirstsentenceofeachparagraph:
1Eversinceearlythiscentury,electricityhasbecomeanessentialpartofourmodernlife.
2Iftherewerenoelectricpower,...
3Therefore,...
[范文]
WhatWouldHappenIfThereWereNoPower
Eversinceearlythiscentury,electricityhasbecomeanessentialpartofourmodernlife.Ithasplayedadecisiveroleinthemodernworld.Everybodyadmitsthatdevelopmentofourcivilizationdependsonelectricity.
Iftherewerenoelectricitypower,ourmodernworldwouldbeintrouble.Forinstance,allthewheelwouldstopbecausewithoutthepowerthemachinewouldceaseworking.Andalltheelectricalequipmentlifewouldbeimpossibleandinagreatmasswithoutelectricity.
Therefore,weshouldmakebetteruseofelectivepower.Ontheotherhand,weshouldeducatepeopletoeconomizeonelectricityandnottowasteenergyresources.Atthesametimewemustdoourbesttoexploitmoreelectricresourcestomeettherequirementsofhumanbeings.
点评:
第一段的段首句是讲电已经成为人们现代生活中必不可少的部分,因而接下来的续写部分应强调它的重要性。
第二段的段首句提出如果没有电的假设,下面列出没有电将会出现的麻烦。
最后一段指出我们应该节约用电,开拓更多的电力资源。
此外,我们可以看到,除了运用一定的高级词汇外,举例是个很好支持论点的方法,尤其是在主题很宽泛,很难用一定的句子完整的描述时,例子可以是你看过的一篇报道,身边人的经历等等,不一定需要真实但一定要能服务主题。
所以要牢记举例的连接词如文中的forinstance,还有take...forexample等固定搭配
第二节提纲作文
提纲作文是要求考生根据所给出的作文题目和提纲(一般为中文提纲)进行写作。
中文提纲大多是以三个单句的形式出现的。
写提纲作文,首先要做的就是审题,并要仔细分析题目中所列举的提纲。
审完题后应该根据提纲拟出三个英文的主题句,再在这些主题句的基础上扩展成文。
在扩展的过程中一定要做到条理清楚,开门见山。
1)近年来很多名牌大学都会降低标准招收名人学生,一些人强烈反对这样做
2)但也有不少人认为这很正常
3)你对此的看法是……,为什么?
【思路点拨】
本题属于提纲式文字命题。
提纲第1点指出一些人对于某种现象的看法,提纲第2点指出对该现象的另外一种看法,提纲第3点要求表明“我”的看法,由此可判断本文应为对比选择型作文。
根据所给提纲,本文应包含以下内容:
描述近年来名牌大学降低标准招收名人学生这一现象;
对比阐述关于该现象的两种不同的看法和各自的理由;
表明“我”更倾向于哪种看法并说明理由。
【参考范文】
ShouldUniversitieslowerAdmissionRequirementsforCelebrities?
Inrecentyears,manyfamousuniversitiesloweradmissionrequirementsforcelebrities.Moreandmorecelebrities,especiallysportsstars,havebeenadmittedtofamousuniversitiesevenwithoutanentryexamination.Thisphenomenonhasbecomeasubjectofwidespreadcontroversy.
Somepeopleobjectstronglythatuniversitiesloweradmissionrequirementsforcelebrities.Theyholdthatthisadmissionpatternwilldamagethebasicfairnessruleofeducation.Inaddition,theysaythatifapersonwhohasnotenoughacademicabilityisadmittedtotheuniversity,itwouldbeaninsultoncollegeeducation.However,stillotherpeoplethinkitacceptable.Theysaythatthesecelebritiesdeservethisprivilegebecausetheyhaveprovedtheirabilitiesintheirfield.Besides,intheiropinions,thesecelebritiestosomeextentsetagoodmodelforotheryoungpeople.
Weighingthesetwoarguments,Ipreferthelatterone.Foronething,thesecelebritiesha