考研英语一历年真题及答案解析(1980-2015年).doc

考研英语一历年真题及答案解析(1980-2015年).doc

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2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题

Section1UseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

Thoughnotbiologicallyrelated,friendsareasrelatedasfourthcousins,sharingabout1%ofgenes.Thatis1astudypublishedfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaandYaleUniversityintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,has2.

Thestudyisagenome-wideanalysisconducted31932uniquesubjectswhich4pairsofunrelatedfriendsandunrelatedstrangers.Thesamepeoplewereusedinboth5.While1%mayseem6,itisnotsotoageneticist.AsJamesFowler,professorofmedicalgeneticsatUCSanDiego,says,Mostpeopledonoteven7theirfourthcousinsbutsomehowmanagetoselectasfriendsthepeoplewho8ourkin.

Thestudy9foundthatthegenesforsmellweresomethingsharedinfriendsbutnotgenesforimmunity.Whythissimilarityinolfactorygenesisdifficulttoexplain,fornow.10Perhaps,astheteamsuggests,itdrawsustosimilarenvironmentsbutthereismore11it.Therecouldbemanymechanismsworkingintandemthat12usinchoosinggeneticallysimilarfriends13thannalkinshipofbeingfriendswith14!

Oneoftheremarkablefindingsofthestudywasthatthesimilargenesseemtobeevolving15thanothergenes.Studyingthiscouldhelp16whyhumanevolutionpickedpaceinthelast30,000years,withsocialenvironmentbeingamajor17factor.

Thefindingsdonotsimplycorroboratepeoples18tobefriendthoseofsimilar19backgrounds,saytheresearchers.ThoughallthesubjectsweredrawnfromapopulationofEuropeanextraction,carewastakento20thatallsubjects,friendsandstrangersweretakenfromthesamepopulation.Theteamalsocontrolledthedatatocheckancestryofsubjects.

SectionIIReadingComprehension

1.[A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what 

2.  2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised   

3.3. [A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by 

4. [A] compared [B] sought [C] separated [D] connected   

5. [A] tests [B] objects [C]samples [D] examples 

6. [A] insignificant [B] unexpected [C]unbelievable [D] incredible   

7. [A] visit [B] miss [C] seek [D] know 

 8. [A] resemble [B] influence [C] favor [D] surpass   

9. [A] again [B] also [C] instead [D] thus 

10. [A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise [D] Perhaps   

11. [A] about [B] to [C]from [D]like 

12. [A] drive [B] observe [C] confuse [D]limit 

13. [A] according to [B] rather than [C] regardless of [D] along with   

14. [A] chances [B]responses [C]missions [D]benefits   

15. [A] later [B]slower [C] faster [D] earlier   

16. [A]forecast [B]remember [C]understand [D]express   

17. [A] unpredictable [B]contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive 

 18. [A] endeavor [B]decision [C]arrangement [D] tendency   

19. [A] political [B] religious [C] ethnic [D] economic   

20. [A] see [B] show [C] prove [D] tell

PartA

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

原标题：

2015年考研英语一真题答案（完整版）

TEXT1

KingJuanCarlosofSpainonceinsistedkingsdontabdicate,theydieintheirsleep.ButembarrassingscandalsandthepopularityoftherepublicansleftintherecentEuro-electionshaveforcedhimtoeathiswordsandstanddown.So,doestheSpanishcrisissuggestthatmonarchyisseeingitslastdays?

DoesthatmeanthewritingisonthewallforallEuropeanroyals,withtheirmagnificentuniformsandmajesticlifestyles?

TheSpanishcaseprovidesargumentsbothforandagainstmonarchy.Whenpublicopinionisparticularlypolarized,asitwasfollowingtheendoftheFranceregime,monarchscanriseabovemerepolitiesandembodyaspiritofnationalunity.

Itisthisapparenttranscendenceofpolitiesthatexplainsmonarchyscontinuingpopularityasheadsofstate.Andso,theMiddleEastexpected,Europeisthemostmonarch-infestedregionintheworld,with10kingdoms（notcountingVaticanCityandAndorra）.ButunliketheirabsolutistcounterpartsintheGulfandAsia,mostroyalfamilieshavesurvivedbecausetheyallowvoterstoavoidthedifficultsearchforanon-controversialbutrespectedpublicfigure.

Evenso,kingsandqueensundoubtedlyhaveadownside.Symbolicofnationalunityastheyclaimtobe,theirveryhistory-andsometimesthewaytheybehavetoday-embodiesoutdatedandindefensibleprivilegesandinequalities.AtatimewhenThomasPikettyandothereconomistsarewarmingofrisinginequalityandtheincreasingpowerofinheritedwealth,itisbizarrethatwealthyaristocraticfamiliesshouldstillbethesymbolicheartofmoderndemocraticstates.

Themostsuccessfulmonarchiesstrivetoabandonorhidetheiroldaristocraticways.Princesandprincesseshaveday-jobsandridebicycles,nothorses（orhelicopters）.Evenso,thesearewea