Unit 6 How to deal with the drug problem教案综英一讲解Word文档格式.docx

Unit 6 How to deal with the drug problem教案综英一讲解Word文档格式.docx

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Learnhowtoarguecoherentlyandconvincinglybystudyingthetechniquesemployedbythewriters.

六．教学重点和难点：

1）背景知识的传授：

prohibition;

backgroundinformationofthethreeauthors

2）文章的体裁分析

3）语言点的理解：

Wordstudy:

addict,endup,stampout,gethookedon,witherawayetc

GrammarFocus:

enumeration;

whenusedasanadverbialconjunctionofconcession’linkverb+asthough/asifusedtomakeacomparison;

suchusedasthesubjecofasentence

4）写作技巧分析

七．教学基本内容和纲要

PartOneWarm–up

1.1Warm-upQuestions

1.Howmuchdoyouknowaboutthedrugproblembeforereadingtheessays?

Pleaselistthenamesofsomedrugsandspeakoutitseffectsonpeople?

2.Whydoyouthinkpeoplestilltakedrugsinspiteoftheworldwideanti-drugcampaigns?

Whatarepeople’smotivationsofabusing（taking）drugs?

Whatkindofpeopleisthelargestgroup?

3.WhatdoyouknowaboutthesituationinChina?

Doyouthinkthedrugproblemisserious?

1.2whatisdrug?

Thankstomedicalanddrugresearch,therearethousandsofdrugsthathelppeople.Buttherearealsolotsofillegal,harmfuldrugsthatpeopletaketohelpthemfeelgoodorhaveagoodtime.

Therearemanyreasonsfortryingthemorstartingtousethemregularly.Peopletakedrugsjustforthepleasuretheybelievetheycanbring.Oftenitisbecausesomeonetriedtoconvincethemthatdrugswouldmakethemfeelgoodorthatthey’dhaveabettertimeiftheytookthem.

Opium（鸦片）isanarcotic（麻醉剂）formedfromthelatex（树汁）releasedbycuttingtheimmatureseedpods（种子荚）ofpoppies（罂粟）.Itismostfrequentlyprocessedchemicallytoproduceheroinfortheillegaldrugtrade.

Morphine（吗啡）istheprincipalactiveagentinopium（20%）.Itactsdirectlyonthecentralnervoussystemtorelievepain.Morphinehasahighpotentialforaddiction;

toleranceandbothphysicalandpsychologicaldependencedeveloprapidly.

Awhitecrystallinepowdermadefromthedriedleavesofthecocaplant,cocaine（可卡因）isastimulantthatrocksthecentralnervoussystem,givingusersaquick,intensefeelingofpowerandenergy.

Marijuana（大麻毒品）isthemostwidelyusedillegaldrugintheworldbecauseofitslowprice.Itisoftencalledagatewaydrugbecausefrequentusecanleadtotheuseofstrongerdrugs.

Amphetamines（苯丙胺，冰毒）arestimulantsthatacceleratefunctionsinthebrainandbody.Swallowedorsnorted,thesedrugshituserswithafasthigh,makingthemfeelpowerful,alertandenergized.

Ketamineisaquickactinganestheticthatislegallyusedinbothhumanandanimalsassedative（镇静剂）.Usersmaybecomedelirious（极度亢奋）,hallucinate（产生幻觉）,andlosetheirsenseoftimeandreality.

Ecstasy（MDMA摇头丸）isadesignerdrugcreatedbyundergroundchemistsandisapopularclubdrugamongteens.Italsoraisedthetemperatureofthebody,whichcansometimescauseorgandamageorevendeath.

1.3Howdoesdrugwork?

Drugsarechemicalsorsubstancesthatchangethewayourbodieswork.Whenyouputthemintoyourbody,drugsfindtheirwayintoyourbloodstreamandaretransportedtopartsofyourbody,suchasyourbrain.Inthebrain,drugsmayeitherintensifyordullyoursenses,alteryoursenseofalertness,andsometimesdecreasephysicalpain.

1.4theharmfuleffectsthatdrugsbring

Dependence

Mentalproblems

Restlessness

Muscle/bonepain

Insomnia（失眠）

Diarrhea（腹泻）

Vomiting

Coldsweats

1.5overviewofthedrugproblem

Drugabusehasbeenincreasingatarapidrateglobally.Itincludestheuseofillegaldrugs—suchasmarijuana,methamphetamines,cocaine,heroin,orother"

streetdrugs"

—andtheabuseoflegalprescriptionandnonprescriptiondrugs.

IntheUnitedStatesandCanada,approximately40%ofadultswilluseanillegaldrugatsometimeduringtheirlives.Manypeopleabusemorethanoneillegalsubstanceatatime.Statisticsalsoshowthattherearenearly10milliondrugtakersinChina.

Thepracticeoccursmostamongyoungpeoplewhoarelookingfornewsensations.Manyyoungpeoplehavetrieddrugssimplybecausetheyweretoldnotto.Theyarelikelytotrywhatotherpeople,especiallytheirparentsandteachers,callundesirable,justtoberebellious.

Someyoungpeoplebegintotakedrugswhentheyareinelementaryschool.Oftentheirfriendshavepersuadedthemtodoso.Theyaretemptedbytheexcitementorescapethatdrugsseemtooffer.

Manyteensbelievedrugswillhelpthemthinkbetter,bemorepopular,staymoreactive,orbecomebetterathletes.Othersaresimplycuriousandfigureonetrywon’thurt.Otherswanttofitin.Afewusedrugstogainattentionfromtheirparents.

1.6celebrityabusedrugs

Celebritieshaveacquiredanextremelyhighstatuswithincontemporarysociety,particularlyintheeyesofyoungpeople.Celebritieshavedefiniteinfluenceonyoungadults.

NEWYORK:

Record-breakingOlympicswimmerMichaelPhelpsissuedanapologyonSundayafteraBritishnewspaperpublishedaphotographshowinghimsmokingmarijuana.

"

I'

m23yearsoldanddespitethesuccessesI'

vehadinthepool,Iactedinayouthfulandinappropriateway,notinthemannerpeoplehavecometoexpectfromme,"

hesaid."

Forthis,Iamsorry.Ipromisemyfansandthepublicitwillnothappenagain."

1.7drugstories

TheOpiumWars,alsoknownastheAnglo-ChineseWars,lastedfrom1839to1842and1856to1860,theclimaxofatradedisputebetweenChinaundertheQingDynastyandtheBritishEmpire.BritishsmugglingofopiumfromBritishIndiaintoChinaindefianceof（公然蔑视）China'

sdruglawseruptedintoopenwarfarebetweenBritainandChina.

China‘sdefeatinbothwarsleftitsgovernmenthavingtotoleratetheopiumtrade.BritainforcedtheChinesegovernmentintosigningtheTreatyofNanjingandtheTreatyofTianjin,alsoknownastheUnequalTreaties,whichincludedprovisionsfortheopeningofadditionalportstoforeigntrade,forfixedtariffs;

fortherecognitionofbothcountriesasequalincorrespondence;

andfortheannexation（吞并）ofHongKongbyBritain.TheBritishalsogainedextraterritorial（国土范围之外的）rights.

SeveralcountriesfollowedBritainandsoughtsimilaragreementswithChina.ManyChinesefoundtheseagreementshumiliating（耻辱的）andthesesentiments（情绪）areconsideredtohavecontributedtotheTaipingRebellion（1850-1864）,andthedownfallofQingin1912.TheOpiumWarsforcefullyandsuddenlyopenedChinatotheworld.

PartTwoBackgroundInformation

2.1Authors

1.GoreVidal

prolificAmericannovelist,andessayist,politicalactivist:

Democratic-Liberal

Thewarondrugshasnothingatalltodowithdrugs.Itispartofanall-outwarontheAmericanpeoplebyagovernmentinterestedonlyincontrol.

—GoreVidal

“ProbablynoAmericanwritersinceFranklinhasderided,ridiculed,andmockedAmericansmoreskillfullyandmoreoftenthanVidal.”（GordonS.Wood,TheNewYorkTimes,December14,2003）

GoreVidalwasoftenpointedlycontroversial:

hepublishedcommentsondemocracy,homosexuality,religion,anddruglegalization.

2.2ClarencePage

ColumnisteditorialboardoftheChicagoTribune

1972PulitzerPrizeforaChicagoTribuneTaskForceseriesonvoterfraud

1989PulitzerPrizeforCommentary

2.3CharlesKrauthammer

asyndicatedcolumnist:

TheWashingtonPostWritersGroup

politicalcommentator,physician,conservative（neoconservativeinforeignpolicy）

2.4ProhibitionintheUnitedStates（theNobleExperiment）

1840s,spearheadedbysomereligiousdenominations

1881,Kansasasthefirsttooutlawalcoholicbeverages

1917,alcoholbannedasmandatedinthe18thAmendmenttotheConstitution

1919-1933,nation-widemovement,plaguedbysmugglingandbootlegging

1933,the18thAmendmentrepealedbythe21stAmendment

PartThreeTextAppreciation

3.1TextAnalysis

3.1.1Structureofthetext

1.drugs

I.Thesis:

plausibilityoflegalization（para.1）

II.Reasoning（paras.2-8）

A.rebuttalofthedangerofawhiffofopium（para2）

B.Thefreedomtodowhatonewants（para3）

C.rebuttalofthewarningrumblethatlegalizationwillleadustoenduparaceofZombie.（para4）

D.aconsequenceofprohibition:

makingpeoplewantitmore（para5）

E.thenegativeeffectsoftheprohibition（paras.6-7）

F.Theconsequencesofaslightreductioninthesupplyofmarujuana（para8）

III.Conclusion:

unlikelihoodoflegalization

2.Thetroublewithlegalizingdrugs

infeasibilityoflegalization（para11）

II.Appealoflegalization（paras12-15）

A.Positiveeffects（para12）

B.ineffectivenessofprohibition（paras13-15）

III.Rebuttaloflegalization（para16-19）

A.increaseofdruguseandsocialcostasaresultoflegalization（para16）

B.evidenceofprohibitionreducingdruguse（paras17-18）

C.AweaknessinBennet’sargument（para19）

IV.conclusion:

infeasibilityofbothaquickandaslowfix

3.Legalize?

No.Deglamorize

I.Eliminationofdrug-relatedcrimesasaresultoflegalization（paras21-22）

II.Rebuttal（paras23-26）

A.Negativeeffectonpublichealthoutweighingcostoflawenforcement（para23）

B.Faultyanalogybetweenalcoholprohibitionanddrugprohibition（paras24-25）

C.Threeeffectsoflegalizationandtheconsequences（para16）

III.Solution:

deglamorization（paras.27-31）

A.Alessontolearnfromtheanti-smokingcampaigh（paras27-28）

B.Moralpersuasionan