高考英语名词性从句讲解Word文档下载推荐.docx
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三、基础知识学习：
主语从句:
主语从句是在复合句中代替作主语的名词,充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
1.that引导的主语从句
句首
Thataround-triptoMarswouldtakemorethanayearandahalfisestimated.
Thathemisunderstoodmeisobvious.
That引导主语从句，放句首，不做任何成分，不可省略。
用形式主语it来引导句子
A.that引导主语从句放句首时，有时会为了避免头重脚轻，保持句子平衡，常用it做形式主语，把真正的that引导的主语从句放句后。
Itisstrangethathemadenoanswer.
Itisknowntoallthattheearthisround.
B.用it做形式主语的主语从句结构
注意：
.It
作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It
作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。
而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。
被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。
例如：
is
a
pity
that
you
didn’t
go
to
see
the
film.
in
morning
murder
took
place.
.whoever,whatever,whichever等词可以引导主语从句,
但nomatterwho,nomatterwhat等不能.
Whoeverbreakstheschoolrulesmustbepunished.
试比较：
Whoeverbreakstheschoolsrules,hemustbepunished.
=Nomatterwhobreakstheschoolrules,hemustbepunished.
1、It+be+名词+that从句
Itisafactthat---事实上…
Itisapitythat---可惜的是…
Itisaquestionthat---…是个问题
Itisahonorthat---…非常荣幸
Itisashamethat---…真是可耻
Itiscommonknowledgethat---毫不奇怪的是…
2、It+be+adj.+that从句
Itiscertainthat---很肯定…
Itisnaturalthat---很自然…
Itisobviousthat---很显然…
Itisclear/evidentthat---很清楚…
Itisfortunatethat---很幸运…
Itisbetterthat---最好…
Itislikely/probably/possiblethat---很有可能…
3、It+be+过去分词+that从句
Itissaidthat---据说…
Itisbelievedthat---人们认为…
Itisreportedthat---据报道…
Itisnotknownthat---….不为人知
Itistobediscussedthat—…要讨论
Ithasbeenprovedthat---…已证明
Itmustbepointedoutthat---必须指出…
Itisestimatedthat---据估计…
4、It+动词+that从句
Itseemsthat---好像是…
Ithappenedthat---碰巧…
Itturnedoutthat---结果…
Itfollowsthat---由此可见…
Itmattersthat---要紧的是…
Itoccurredtomethat---我想到…
Itstruckmethat---我想到…
5、主语从句中的虚拟语气
Itissuggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted，desirable,advisable,imperative…….that-clause
Itisimportant,necessary,natural,strange……that-clause
Itisapity,ashame,nowonder……that-clause
Isitnecessarythathe（should）taketheexamination?
Itisstrangethathe（should）tellyouthis.A.wouldtell
2.wh-引导的主语从句
Howtheprisonerescapedisamystery.
Whatheneedismoreexperience.
Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhethershewillgobybusorbytrain.
Itisnotveryclearwhattheyaretalkingabout.
活学活用一
1.Ithasbeenproved_______eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessinlaterlife.
2.youcan’tmakegreatprogressinthelanguagelearninghassomethingtodowithyourvocabulary.
3.Ithascometoberealized______particularmattersintheairexposeustolife’srealdanger.
4.______Ican’tunderstandiswhytheillegalcookingoil,mostlymadefromdiscarded（被弃的）kitchenwaste,isdifficulttodetectandidentifyefficiently.
5._________countrieshavinggreatdifficultiesineconomyrightnowneedmostofallisfinancialaidratherthanlecturing.
2）表语从句：
表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释说明，使主语的内容具体化。
表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语，一般结构是“主语十连系动词+表语从句”。
可以接表语从句的连系动词有
be,
look,
remain,
seem
等。
1.The
problem
millions
of
people
die
illnesses
caused
by
smoking.
2.The
question
remains
whether
we
can
win
people.
1.that引导的表语从句
Thefactisthathedidn’tnoticethecartilltoolate.
Oneadvantageoflivinginthecountryisthatonecangetclosetonature.
2.wh-疑问词引导的表语从句
Theproblemishowwecankeepintouchwiththem.
Thiswaswhythecomplainedabouttheassignments.
表语从句注意点
（1）表语从句一律用陈述句的语序.
（2）表语从句的引导词that无实际意义,但不能省略.
（3）表语从句只能用whether,而不能用if引导.
（4）不要使用Thereason…isbecausethat…句型,应使用Thereason…isthat…或This/it/that/isbecause…等句型.
（5）表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气
在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。
Myideaisthatwe（should）getmorepeopletoattendtheconference.
Imakeaproposalthatwe（should）holdameetingnextweek.
活学活用二
1.It’snotimportantwhetheryouwinornot.Whatreallymattersis__________youplaythegame.
2.Thequestiontobediscussedis_______wecanmakeoureffortsrewarded.
3.“Givingis_____fuelsus,”saysMycoskie.“Givingisourfuture.It’sthecentreofourbusiness,andit’stimewecelebrateit.”
3）同位语从句
同位语从句是与先行词同位或同等的从句，先行词常为名词如news,fact,truth,conclusion,hope,decision,belief,opinion,view,feeling,suggestion,proposal,etc.
同位语从句前名词的数
同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词（word除外）加以修饰。
WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnotcome?
Givemeyourpromisethatyouwillcometoourpartythisevening.
WordcamethatChinalauncheditsfirstmannedspaceshiponOct15,2003.
1.that引导的同位语从句
有些名词的后面可以接that引导的同位语从句：
Wecametothedecisionthatwemustactatonce.
Hemadeaproposalthatthemeetingbepostpone.
Therewaslittlehopethathewouldsurvive.
Thefactthathishealthisfallingisnottrue.
Idoubtthereportthattheshipsankonitsfirstvoyage.
以下名词常用于以上句型：
advice,announcement,argument,belief,claim,conclusion,decision,evidence,explanation,fact,feeling,hope,idea,impression,information,knowledge,message,news,opinion,order,probability,promise,proposal,remark,reply,report,saying,statement,suggestion,thought,warning,wish,word
2.wh-引导的同位语从句
Ihavenoideahowsoontheyarecoming.
Haveyouanyideawheretherearehavingarehearsal?
3.同位语从句的割裂
有时同位语从句不是紧跟在与之同位的名词之后，而是被某些成分隔开。
Evidencethathecommittedthecrimecameup.
Evidencecameupthathecommittedthecrime.
Wordcamethattheirteamhadwonthematch.
draw
cometoaconclusion
arriveat
reach
Theconclusionthat/which/XthepolicecametothatTomcommittedthecrimedidn’tsatisfyus.
4.同位语从句的虚拟语气
在suggestion,advice,request,order等意为“建议；
命令；
要求”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的should可以省略。
Ourteachergaveussomeadvicehowwe（should）usethecomputer.
Thesuggestioncamefromthechairmanthatthenewrule（should）beadopted.
活学活用三
1.Evidencecameup___________specificspeechsoundswererecognizedbyinfantsasyoungastwomonthsold.
2.Manyexpertssticktotheview______teacherdevelopmentisthekeytotheeducationquality.
3.Thelong-heldbelief_____certainfoodsincreaseintelligencehasturnedouttobeadisappointment.
4.Whenitcomestomentalhealth,thefactissometimesneglected______moreandmoreteachersareundergreatpressure.
5.Moreteensbegintorealizethebasicprinciple_______thereismoretoapersonthanphysicalbeauty.
4）宾语从句
1.that引导的宾语从句（that可省略）
Ihopethatyouwillenjoyyourstayhere.
（suggest,demand,insist,order虚拟）suggestthatsb.（should）do
2.wh-引导的宾语从句
SheaskedwhatsecondlanguageIwasstudyingthen.
Iwonderif/whetherthereisanyneedtospendsomuchmoneyontheparty.
Shewillwriteabookonhowyoungmothersshouldraisetheirbabies.
3.宾语从句的语序：
陈述句（连接词+主语+谓语）
Heaskedwhathadhappened.
Hedidn’tknowwhatwasthematter/whatwaswrong.
4.两个宾语从句
And/but两个that分别同时作句子的宾语时，第二个that通常不省略。
Hesaid（that）……andthat……
Theybelieved（that）landdidnotbelongtopeoplebutthatpeoplebelongtoland.
5.doubt后面的从句
doubt（肯定）+whether/wh-/when
don’tdoubt+that
Thereisnodoubtthat
6.介词后面的宾语从句
that通常不能跟在介词后面做宾语，但是在介词in,except,besides,but,save之后可跟that从句。
inthat（因为，在……方面），exceptthat（除了）,besidesthat（除了）,butthat（要不是）,savethat（除了）,etc.
IknownothingaboutthemanexceptthatheisanIndian.
Criticismisnecessaryinthatithelpstocorrectourmistakes.
7.宾语从句的疑问词提前
DoyouknowhowholdIam?
HowolddoyouthinkIam?
doyouthink,doyousuggest,doyouimagine,doyouexpect,doyouguess,doyouassume,etc.
Whatdoyousupposeweshoulddowiththepollution?
8）宾语从句中的虚拟语气:
在动词（大都表示“要求、建议、命令”意义）suggest,order,demand,request,desire,insist,require,decide,determine,advise,recommend,deserve（值得提及）后需用should型的虚拟语气。
heteacherdemandedthatthework（should）befinishedbefore4o’clock.
Hesuggestedthatshe（should）haveanoperationatonce.
◆注意suggest当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist表示“坚持认为”之意时，主从句时态相应一致，不用虚拟语气。
Whathesaidsuggestedhewasadoctor.
Heinsistedthatwhathesaidwasright.
活学活用四
1.Itisnotalwaysseasyforthepublictosee____________useanewinventioncanbeoftohumanlife.
2.Itevenleavesthescientistsinwonder_____theyshouldcallthenewly-borncreature,whichlookshalf-humanandhalf-animal.
3.Manyskilledworkerswereorganizedtoclearaway______remainedintheWorldExposite.
4.Consumersaregettingmoresensibleandbuyonly_____theyneedinspiteofalltheadvertisementstheysee.
5.Chinesemedicalexpertshavewarned_____antibiotics（抗生素）havebeen“heavilyoverused”athospitals,whichmightcauseseriousside-effects.
6.Themanagerseemsnevertobesatisfiedwith______thecompanyhasachieved.
7.Themanagerwillput______hethinkshasastrongsenseofdutyintheleadershipposition.
8.DeepintheAtlanticOcean,explorershavefoundmaybethemostvaluablesunkentreasureinhistory.
9.Recently,theChinesegovernmentgavesomeexamplesof_______DalaiLama’svisitingforeign
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