中考英语语法语法大全范文Word格式文档下载.docx

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中考英语语法语法大全范文Word格式文档下载.docx

Tomdoesn'

tdoinmaths.

Hehasmuchtodo.

Hehasnothingtodo.

Allofmyclassmateslikeart.

Noneofmyclassmateslikesart.

  2、改为疑问句。

根据上下句的结构和词的减少,来判断变为哪一种形式的疑问句。

例如:

Mybrotheroftenhasbreakfastatschool.

Doesyourbrotheroftenhavebreakfastatschool?

Tom'

salreadyweakinEnglish.

salreadyweakinEnglish,isn'

the?

Theredlightchangeseverytwominutes.

Howoftendoestheredlightchange?

  3、改为感叹句。

根据所给的句子结构和单词的词性,来确定使用哪一种感叹句的形式,例如:

Thisisaninterestingbook.

Whataninterestingbookthisis!

  或Howinterestingthisbookis!

二、同义句转换。

  根据上句,写出一个意思相同(或相近)的下句,此类形式繁多,内容复杂,涉及面广,归类如下:

  1、同义词或词组之间的转换。

(通常上下句时态保持一致)。

  常见的同义词或词组有:

(1)四个“花费”(spend-take-cost-take);

(2)三个“到达”(getto-reach-arrivein/at);

(3)四个“收到…来信”(hearfrom-getaletterfrom-receivealetterfrom-havealetterfrom);

(4)两个“擅长于…”(begoodat-dowellin);

(5)两个“有空”(befree-havetime);

(6)三个“入睡”(gotosleep-gettosleep-fallasleep);

(7)两个“玩得开心”(enjoyoneself-haveagoodtime);

(8)“给…打电话”(callsb-telephonesb-ringsb.acall-makeatelephonetosb.)(9)“飞往…”(flyto…-goto…byair/plane)(10)“自学”(teachoneself-learn…byoneself)(11)在…方面帮助help…with…-help…(to)do…(12)在…差beweakin…-dobadlyin…(13)能/会…can-beableto(14)更喜欢…like…betterthan…-prefer…to…(15)充满了…befullof…-befilledwith…(16)放弃干…giveupdoing…-stopdoing…(17)不再…nolonger-not…anylonger(18)照顾/保管takecareof…-lookafter(19)展览onshow-ondisplay(20)阻止…干…stop…fromdoing-keep/prevent…fromdoing…(21)由于thanksto-becauseof…(22)举手handsup-putupone'

shands(23)最后,终于atlast-intheend(24)与…不同bedifferentfrom…-benotthesameas…(25)从…借入…borrow…from…-lend…to…(26)乘公汽/火车/的士goto…bybus/train/taxi-takeabus/train/taxito…(27)乘自行车去…goto…bybike-rideabiketo…(28)为…感到自豪beproudof…-betheprideof…(29)步行去…walkto…-goto…onfoot(30)独自地byoneself-alone等。

Thechildrenhadagoodtimeinthepark.

Thechildrenenjoyedthemselvesinthepark.

  2、同义句型之间的转化。

常见的同义句型有①Itseemsthat从句→Somebodyseems(tobe)+adj/n②It'

skindofsb.todo…→Somebodyiskindtodo…③Whatdoes…mean?

→Whatdoyoumeanby…?

或What'

sthemeaningof…?

④Thereissomethingwrongwith…→Somethingiswrongwith…⑤not…until…与when/after/before引导的时间状语从句的转换⑥What'

swrongwith…?

→What'

sthematterwith…?

⑦Howis…?

s…like…?

⑧Howdoyoulike…?

→Whatdoyouthinkof?

⑧It'

stimethat…→It'

stimeforsb.todo…⑨It'

ssaidthat…→Peoplesaythat…⑩CanIhelpyou?

→WhatcanIdoforyou?

  例如:

IwenttobedafterIfinishedmyhomework.

Ididn'

tgotobeduntilIfinishedmyhomework.

  3、if引导的条件状语从句的转化。

Ifitdoesn'

traintomorrow,they'

llgotothepark.

Unlessitrainstomorrow,they'

Ifyoudon'

thurry,you'

llbelate.

Hurryup,oryou'

Fishcan'

tliveifthereisnowater.

tlivewithoutwater.

  4、现在完成时态中的一句多译。

在现在完成时态中,结束性动词不能与时间段连用,必须改成相应的延续性动词。

常见的动词转换有:

buy-have,borrow-keep,die-bedead,open-beopen,join-bein+组织/bea+成员,begin-beon,leave-beawayfrom,close-beclosed,arrivein/getto/come/goto-bein/at,finsh-beover,gotosleep-beasleep,getup-beup.

Theoldmandiedfivemonthsago.

  Theoldmanhasbeendeadsincefivemonthsago.

  Theoldmanhasbeendeadforfivemonths.

  It'

sfivemonthssincetheoldmandied.

  Fivemonthshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.

  5、简单句与复合句之间的转换。

  ①含宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换。

Isawtheywereplayingfootballontheplayground.

Isawthemplayingfootballontheplayground.

Theteacherfoundthatshewasveryclever.

Theteacherfoundherveryclever.

HefoundthatitwashardtolearnEnglishwell.

HefoundithardtolearnEnglishwell.

Wearesurethatwewillwintofirstmatch.

Wearesuretowintofirstmatch.

  由疑问代词/副词引导的宾语从句可转化为“疑问句+不定式”结构。

CouldyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?

Couldyoutellmehowtogettotherailwaystation?

Wedon'

tknowwhatweshoulddonext.

tknowwhattodonext.

  ②由when/after/before/while/since/until引导的时间状语从句可转化为when/after/before/while/sine/until+doing…

Theywenthomeaftertheyfinishedtheirwork.

Thewenthomeafterfinishingtheirwork.

MrSmithhastaughtEnglishsincehecametoChina.

MrSmithhastaughtEnglishsincecomingtoChina.

  Whensb.+be+数词+yearsold→attheageof+岁数

Whenhewastwelveyearsold,Edisonstartedwritinghisownnewspaper.

Attheageoftwelve,Edisonstartedwritinghisownnewspaper.

  ③由so…that…引导的结果状语从句可转化为too…todo或…enoughtodo……例如:

TheboxissoheavythatIcan'

tcarryit.

Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.

  或:

Theboxisn'

tlightenoughformetocarry.

Thechildissooldthathecangotoschool.

Thechildisoldenoughtogotoschool.

  ④由sothat引导的目的状语从句可转化为inordertodo例如:

Myfathergotupearlythismorningsothathecouldcatchtheearlybus.

Myfathergotupearlythismorninginordertocatchtheearlybus.

  ⑤由because引导的原因状语从句可转化为becauseof…例如:

Wedidn'

tgototheparkbecauseitrained.

tgototheparkbecauseoftherain.

  ⑥定语从句可以转化为介词短语或分词短语。

ThemanwhoisonthebikeisJim.

ThemanonthebikeisJim.

Themanwhoisdrivingtheredcarismyboss.

Themandrivingtheredcarismyboss.

ThegirlwhoiscalledMaryismysister.

ThegirlcalledMaryismysister.

  6、用并列连词neither…nor;

either…or…;

both…and…;

notonly…butalso…连句。

Ihaven'

tseenaTVplayforlong,andLilyhasn'

teither.

NeitherInorLilyhasseenaTVplayforlong.

Tomisgoodatmaths,andheisgoodatFrench,too.

TomisgoodatbothmathsandFrench.

  neither…nor…,either…or…和notonly…butalso…连接两个主语时,谓语动词依靠近它的主语而定,即“就近原则”,但是both…and用来连接两个主语时,谓语复数。

  7、主动语与被动语态的互变。

  “主动”变“被动”实行“三变二不变”原则。

“三变”即是主语,谓语和宾语的变化,“二不变”即时态不变,句式不变。

Theymakewatchesinthetown.

Watchesaremadebytheminthetown.

Icanfinishtheworkbeforeeight.

Theworkcanbefinished(byme)beforeeight.

DotheygrowriceinSouthChina?

IsricegrowninSouthChina?

  注:

使役性动词make或感观性动词see/watch/lookat/hear/listento/feel在主动语态中所带省to的不定式宾补变为被动语态时,必须加上to.

Isawhimtakeyourumbrella.

Hewasseentotakeyourumbrella.

  8、形容词、副词二级之间的转化,例如

Chineseisthemostimportantsubjectofall.

Chineseismoreimportantthananyothersubject.

Thisexerciseiseasierthantheothertwo.

Thisexerciseistheeasiestofthethree.

Ⅵ.解题指导

  要做好句型转换题,必须注意如下几点:

  1、注重掌握教材中的基本句和同一句子英语的不同结构表达技巧。

  2、弄清题意,明确题目考查点,了解题目所给句子与答句之间的关系。

  3、注意从多角度,全方位考虑问题,突破难点,注意复查,看是否按要求完成了转换。

  通过上述的归纳和指导,可以理清学生的“依章办事”的解题思路,养成“有条不紊”的解题习惯,培养多角度思维解题的能力,从而达到提高学习效率的目的。

  特殊疑问句

1、一般情况:

特殊疑问词+一般疑问句构成。

  2、特殊疑问词在句中充当成分。

  3、不用yes,no回答,直接回答。

  4、读降调。

  5、常用疑问词:

who,what,whose,where,how,which,when,why,howmany,howmuch,howfar.Howlong,howoften,howsoon,howhigh,等。

  对划线部分提问。

(把各句变为特殊疑问句)

  1、对主语(人)提问:

  Theboyisrunningnow.Whoisrunningnow?

  2、对表语(人)提问:

  HeisLily'

sfather.Whoishe?

  3、对介宾(人)提问:

  Sheislookingforthelittleboy.Whoisshelookingfor?

  4、对动宾(人)提问:

  IoftenhelpWeiHuawithEnglish.WhodoyouoftenhelpwithEnglish?

  5、对间宾(人)提问:

  KatelentTomaballyesterday.WhodidKatelendaballyesterday?

  6、对主语(东西)提问:

  Thebooksareonthedesk..Whatareonthedesk?

  7、对表语(东西)提问:

  Theseareboats.Whatarethese?

  8、对动宾(东西)提问:

  Iwantacupoftea.Whatdoyouwant?

  9对职业(提问)提问:

  Themanisafarmer.Whatistheman?

Whatdoesthemando?

  10.对介宾(东西)提问:

  Heislookingforhispen.Whatishelookingfor?

  11、对是什么提问:

saChinesecar.Whatisit?

  12、对计算结果提问:

  Sixandnineisfifteen.Whatissixandnine?

  13、对年级提问:

  I'

minGradeThree.Whatgradeareyouin?

  14、对班级提问:

  LiLeiisinClassFive.WhatclassisLiLeiin?

  15、对年级和班级提问:

  WeiHuaisinClassThreeGradeOne,WhatclassandgradeisWeihuain?

  16、对排提问:

  WeareinRowOne.Whatrowareyouin?

1、对年级、班级、排提问时,问句中的in不能去掉.

  2,what后的grade,class,row用小写形式.

  3,what根据实际译为汉语.

  17、对学号提问:

  LucyisNumberSix.WhatnumberisLucy?

WhatisLucy'

snumber?

  18、对后置定语提问:

  ThisisamapofChina.Whatmapisthis?

  19、对颜色提问:

  Theflowersarered.Whatcoloraretheflowers?

  20、对几点几分提问:

ssix.Whattimeisit?

What'

sthetime?

  21、对名字提问:

  MynameisLiLei.What'

syourname?

  22、对前置定语提问:

  Theseapplesareyours.Whichapplesareyours?

  ThebestoneisLily'

s.WhichoneisLily'

s?

  23、对表语(名物代)提问:

  Thiscupisyours.Whoseisthecup?

  24、对后置定语提问:

  Theboyinthehatismybrother.Whichboyisyourbrother?

  25、对后置定语提问:

  Iwanttobuytheshirtontheleft.Whichshirtdoyouwanttobuy?

  26、对主语(名物代)提问:

  Mineisred.Whoseisred?

  27、对定语(形物代)提问:

  Theyaremybooks.Whosebooksarethey?

  28、对定语(名词所有格)提问:

  ThisisLucyandLily'

sroom.Whoseroomisthis?

  29、对表语(名词所有格)提问:

  ThiscupisKate'

s.Whoseisthiscup?

  30对身体提问:

mfine(well,OK,Allright.)Howareyou?

  31、对年龄提问:

  Theboyisfifteen.Howoldareyou?

  32、对天气提问:

scloudytoday.Howistheweathertoday?

=What'

stheweatherli

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