选修8第四单元双基练习Word格式.docx
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3.对…半推半就halfresigned______...
4.进行录音maker________onwaxdisks
5.向…行屈膝礼curtsy_______sb.
6.当下贱人看待treatsb.asd________
7.我的一位女友aladyfriendof________
8.…支付人therefereef________sth.
9.她俗得可爱She’ssodeliciouslyl_______
10.你别小看…Youcan’to____________that!
11.我们得实际点Wemust_______practical.
12.你是在抱怨…？
Areyouc___________...?
13.被指控偷窃beaccusedofs___________
14.辛苦挣来的hard-e_________knowledge
15.难道…不一样么?
A_______…thesameas…
II.相关短语
1.hold_______举起；
阻搁；
阻挡
2.makeone’sa______________结识；
与…相见
3.ina_____________惊愕地
4.int________of…就…来说；
从…角度
5.show…______带或领…进来
6.theo_______day几天前
7.take__________带走；
取走
8.passsb.off______…让某人成功冒充…
9.inneed_____…需要…
10.take…f______认为…是…；
误以为
11.take__________写下；
记下
12.fade_________逐渐模糊，渐淡
13.bee__________on对...有效应/作用
14.makeaf__________发财致富
15.h__________about对…犹豫
16.d___________aclass下课
17.c__________openly公开谴责
18.s__________status社会地位
19.fadea________消失;
渐弱;
褪色
20.robsb._______sth.抢…东西
III.识记短语
1.aprocessofadaptation适应过程
2.hesitateatnothing毫不犹豫
3.Hewhohesitatesislost.当断不断必受其患
4.dismisssb.from解雇
5.bemistakenAforB把A错当B
6.brilliantachievements辉煌成就
7.betrayasecret泄露秘密
8.beingood/badfortune运气好/坏
9.FortuneFoolshavefortune.傻人有傻福
10.theupperhalfoftheclass上流社会
11.overlookavalley俯视山谷
12.Whathorribleweather!
这鬼天气!
13.toone'
sdisgust令人作呕的是
14.Disgusting!
好恶心呀！
15.disgustingconduct恶劣行径
16.musicalinstruments乐器
17.befarfromeffective很不得力
18.aneffectiveargument有力论据
IV.难句理解：
1.我是又如何？
与你何相干？
WhatifIwas?
What’sit_____you?
2.看这位操着蹩脚英语的女孩，她那蹩脚的英语注定她要在贫民窟呆一辈子了。
Lookatthisgirl_______herterribleEnglish:
theEnglishthatwillcondemnhertotheguttertotheendofherdays.
3.我可不是来求你帮忙的——而他把我当下人看。
I’mnotaskingforanyf__________—andhetreatsmelikedirt.
4.我们得实际点，不是吗？
Wemustbepractical,_________we?
V.独立主格结构常见类型:
该结构与连词及非谓语的用法关系密切。
了解独立主格结构是为了更好地掌握非谓语及连词的用法，而学会连词与非谓语用法是学会写正确句子的重要前提。
一、独立主格结构的构成形式
1、逻辑主语+V-ing：
分词的动作不是整句主语发出，而是其逻辑主语发出。
1._________nobus,wehadtowalkhome.
A.TherebeingB.BeingC.HavingbeenD.Therewas
2.________nobus,wehadtowalkhome.
A.AstherebeingB.AstherewasC.BeingD.Therewas
3._________Sunday,thelibrarydoesn'
topen.
A.BeingB.TherebeingC.ItbeingD.Havingbeen
4.________Sunday,thelibrarydoesn'
topen.
A.AsitbeingB.BeingC.ItisD.Asitis
2、逻辑主语+V-ed：
该构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作承受者。
1._________,thetrainstarted.
A.ThesignalgivenB.GivingthesignalC.ThesignalbeinggivenD.Thesignalgiving
2._________,thetrainstarted.
A.AfterhavinggiventhesignalB.Afterthesignalgiven
C.GivingthesignalD.Afterthesignalwasgiven
3._________,thetextbecameeasierforustolearn.
A.ExplainingnewwordsB.Newwordsexplained
C.BeingexplainednewwordsD.Havingexplainednewwords
4.__________,thetextbecameeasierforustolearn.
A.WhennewwordswereexplainedB.Explainingnewwords
C.NewwordsexplainingD.Beingexplainednewwords
3、逻辑主语+形容词（副词）：
相当于一个未带动词的“主—系—表”结构。
1.__________,thepatientcanleavethehospital.
A.BetterconditionsB.ConditionsbetterC.ConditionsarebetterD.Beingbetterconditions
2._________,thepatientcanleavethehospital.
A.IfbetterconditionsB.IfconditionsbetterC.IfconditionsarebetterD.Beingbetterconditions
3.________,we’dliketogoouting.
A.BeingSundayB.SundayOKC.SundayisOKD.IfSundayOK
4.___________,we’dliketogoouting.
A.IfSundayisOKB.SundaybeingOKC.SundayOKD.A,BandC
5._________,youcanwaitawhile.
A.TheplaybeingstillonB.TheplaystillonC.BeingstillontheplayD.AandB
6._________,soyoucanwaitawhile
A.TheplayisstillonB.TheplaybeingstillonC.AstheplayisstillonD.Theplaystillon
4、逻辑主语+介词短语：
该结构相当于不带动词的“主—系—介词短语”结构。
1.Theboyfollowedthenoblemanhere,___________.
A.aswordinhandB.aswordinhishandC.BeingaswordinhandD.swordinhand
2.Theboyfollowedthenoblemanhere___________.
A.withaswordinhishandB.withaswordinhand
C.withaswordbeinginhandD.aswordbeinginhand
3.Helefttheoffice,__________.
A.tearsbeingineyesB.tearsineyesC.beingtearsineyesD.withtearsbeingineyes
4.Helefttheoffice__________.
A.withtearsbeingineyesB.withtearsinhereyes
C.beingtearsineyesD.tearsbeingineyes
二、独立主格结构在整句中可作以下成分：
1、原因状语：
该结构在句中作原因状语时相当于一个原因状语从句。
如：
1.________nobus,wehadtowalkhome.
A.TherebeingB.AstherewasC.TherewasD.AandB
2._________Sunday,thelibrarydoesn'
A.ItbeingB.AsitisC.BeingD.AandB
3.____________,Ihadtoaskfortwodays’leave.
A.MotherbeingillB.BotherillC.AsmotherwasillD.A,BandC
4.____________,wehavetoworklateintothenight.
A.TheexamnearB.TheexambeingnearC.AstheexamisnearD.A,BandC
2、时间状语：
相当于一个由when,assoonas,after等引导的时间状语从句。
1.__________,thetrainstarted.
A.ThesignalgivenB.AfterthesignalwasgivenC.GiventhesignalD.AandB
2.__________,thetextbecameeasierforustolearn.
A.NewwordsexplainedB.Whennewwordswereexplained
C.WhenteacherexplainednewwordsD.allabove
3、条件状语：
可以改为由if,once,unless（变否定）等引导的条件状语从句。
1.___________,we'
llgotovisittheGreatWall.
A.WeatherpermittingB.IfweatherpermitsC.IfpermittingD.AandB
2._________,thepatientwillrecoverhimselfsoon.
A.IfthetreatmentisintimeB.Thetreatmentintime
C.ThetreatmentbeingintimeD.alltheabove
4、伴随状语：
相当于一个介词短语或并列谓语。
1.Wehavelessonseveryday,___________.
A.SundayincludedB.SundayincludingC.SundayisincludingD.alltheabove
2.Theboyfellasleep,___________.
A.caponheadB.withacaponheadC.acaponwasonheadD.alltheabove
3.Fathercamehome,_________
A.adogfollowinghimB.adogfollowedhim
C.andfollowedbyadogD.alltheabove
三、with+复合宾语结构常见类型及其用法：
是指“with+宾语（名词或代词）+非谓语动词、介词短语、形容词或副词等”所构成的一种介词短语。
其非谓语形式要点：
表将来用不定式；
表被动且属过去，用过去分词；
表持续主动动作，用现在分词。
该结构在句中作以下几种成分：
1、原因状语
1.Withtheman______usahead,wehadnotroublefindingthevillage.
A.ToguideB.GuidingC.GuidedD.Tohaveguide
2.Withalotofwork________,shedoesn’thavetimetorest.
A.todoB.tobedoneC.doingD.done
3.Withthemachine________allthetime,wefinishedharvestingcropsintime.
A.toworkB.workedC.workingD.Beingworking
2、时间状语
1.Thestreetlooksmorebeautifulwithallthelights_______.
A.areonB.onC.tobeonD.beenon
2.Withourproblem________,weallfelthappy.
Withhiswork________,thesecretarybegantowalkhome.
A.todoB.doingC.doneD.tobedone
3、伴随状语
1.Shelefttheofficeswithtears________.
A.inhereyesB.ineyesC.beingineyesD.tobeineyes
2.Themanfoundthedoorwithbothhiseyes________.
A.tobeclosedB.beingclosedC.closedD.closing
3.Wefeltuncomfortablewithtwowaitresses_________.
A.standingbyB.tobestandingbyC.stoodbyD.beingstandingby
4.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands________.
A.tobetiedbehindB.tiedbehindC.tyingbehindD.beingtiedbehind
5.Youcan’tseewell________.
A.withtheglassesonB.beingontheglassesC.withtheglassestobeonD.withtheglasses
4、后置定语
1.Doyouknowtheman_______abookinhishand?
A.withB.havingC.beingD.AandB
2.Pleaseofferyourseattothewoman_______ababyinherarms.
A.carryingB.havingC.withD.alltheabove
四、分词结构、独立主格结构、with+复合宾语结构作状语的区别：
I.逻辑主语相同，即主句主语是分词的动作执行者：
ing；
主语是动作承受者：
过去分词或ing被动形式。
表时间、条件的连词可保留。
分词短语在句中常作以下状语：
1、原因状语
1._______late,wehadtowalkhome.
A.BeingB.AswewereC.WebeingD.alltheabove
2.______busy,theyhadnotimetoplay.
A.AstheywereB.BeingC.BecausetheywereD.alltheabove
2、时间状语
1._______thestudents'
homework,theteacherfoundalotofmistakes.
A.WhenhewascorrectingC.WhenhecorrectedC.CorrectingD.alltheabove
2.________byyourteachers,youaresupposedtobemodest.
A.WhenyouarepraisedB.PraisedC.WhenpraisedD.alltheabove
3、条件状语
1.______moretime,heissuretofinishhistestpaper.
A.IfheisgivenB.IfgivenC.GivenD.alltheabove
2._______anotherchance,I'
lldomyjobbetter.
A.IfIhaveB.IfhavingC.HavingD.alltheabove
4、伴随状语
1.Fathercameback,_______abagofmoneyonhisleftshoulder.
A.carryingBhewascarryingC.andhewascarriedD.alltheabove
2.Fathercameback,_______byamonkey.
A.andhewasfollowedB.followedC.andwasfollowedD.alltheabove
II独立主格结构和with+复合宾语结构作状语，主句主语与分词的逻辑主语不一致。
1._________,we’llgofishinginthecountry.
A.PermittingweatherB.WeatherpermittedC.WeatherpermittingD.Permitting
2._________,hefinishedplayingthegameofchess.
A.HiseyesclosingB.WithhiseyesclosedC.ClosinghiseyesD.Closedhiseyes
3._________,Icouldn’tgetthebookIwanted.
A.ClosedB.LibraryclosedC.ClosinglibraryD.
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