长阅读题专项练习 新人教版Word文档格式.docx

长阅读题专项练习 新人教版Word文档格式.docx

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Wasthe“MonaLisa’aself-portraitindisguise（伪装）?

AgroupofItalianscientistsbelievethekeytosolvingthosepuzzleslieswiththeremains,andtheysaytheyareseekingpermissiontodigupthebodytoconductcarbonandDNAtesting.

Iftheskullisundamaged,thescientistscangototheheartofaquestionthathasfascinatedscholarsandthepublicforcenturies:

theidentityofthe“MonaLisa.’RecreatingavirtualandthenphysicalreconstructionofLeonardo’sface,theycancompareitwiththesmilingfaceinthePainting.

“Wedon’tknowwhatwe’llfindifthetombisopened.Wecouldevenjustfindgrainsanddust,”saysGiorgioGruppioni,ananthropologistwhoisparticipatingmtheproject.“Butiftheremainsarewellkept,theyareabiologicalrecordofeventsinapersonslife,andsometimesintheirdeath.”SilvanoVinceti,theleaderofthegroup,saidthatheplanstopresshiscasewiththeFrenchofficialsinchargeofthesaidburialsiteatAmboiseCastleearlynextweek.

LeonardomovedtoFranceattheinvitationofKingFrancisI,whonamedhim“firstpaintertotheking.”Hespentthelastthreeyearsofhislifethere,anddiedin1519atage67.Theartist’soriginalburialplace,thepalacechurchofSaintFlorentine,wasdestroyeddirring’theFrenchRevolutionandremainsthatarebelievedtobehiswereeventuallyreburiedintheSaint-HubertChapelnearthecastle.

“TheAmboisetombisasymbolictomb;

it’sabigquestionmark,”saidAlessandroVezzosi,thedirectorofamuseumdedicatedtoLeonardoinhishometownofVinci.Vezzosisaidthatinvestigatingthetombcouldhelpidentifytheartist’sboneswithcertaintyandsolveotherquestions,suchasthecauseofhisdeath.Hesaidheaskedtoopenthetombin2004tostudytheremains,buttheAmboiseCastleturnedhimdown.

Thegroupof100expertsinvolvedintheproject,calledtheNationalCommitteeforHistoricalandArtisticHeritage,wascreatedin2003withtheaimof“solvingthegreatmysteriesofthepast,”saidVinceti,whohaswrittenbooksonartandliterature.

Arguablytheworld’smostfamouspainting,the“MonaLisa’hangsintheLouvreinParis,whereitdrewsome8.5millionvisitorslastyear,Mysteryhassurroundedtheidentityofthetricksandriddlesmighthaveledhimtohidehisownidentitybehindthatpuzzlingsmile;

othershaveguessedthatthepaintinghidanandrogynouslover.

Ifgrantedaccesstothegravesite,theItalianexpertsplantouseatinycameraandradartoconfirmthepresenceofbones.Thescientistswouldthenexhume（挖掘）theremainsandattempttodatetheboneswithcarbontesting.

AttheheartoftheproposedstudyistheefforttodiscoverwhethertheremainsareactuallyLeonardo’s,includingwithDNAtesting.

VezzosiquestionstheDNAcomparison,sayinghejsunawareofanydirectdescendants（后代）ofLeonardooroftombsthatcouldbeattributedwithcertaintytotheartist’scloserelatives.

GruppionisaidthatDNAfromthebonescouldalsoeventuallybecomparedtoDNAfoundelsewhere.Forexample,Leonardoisthoughttohaverubbedcolorsonthecanvaswithhisthumb,possiblyusingsaliva（唾液）,meaningDNAmightbefoundonhispaintings.

EvenintheabsenceofDNAtesting,othertestscouldprovideusefulinformation,includingwhetherthebonesbelongedtoamanoraWOCOLan,andwhetherthepersondiedyoungorold.

Evenwithinthecommittee,expertsaredividedovertheidentityofthe“MonaLisa．”

Vincetibelievesthatatraditionofconsideringtheself-portraittobenotjustafaithfulimitationofone’sfeaturesbutarepresentationofone’sspiritualidentitymayhaveresonated（共鸣）withLeonardo.

Vezzosi,themuseumdirector,dismissedas“baselessandsenseless’theideathatthe“MonaLisa”couldbeaself-portraitofLeonardo.Hesaidmostresearchersbelievethewomanmayhavebeeneitherawifeoftheartist’ssponsor,theFlorentinenoblemanGiulianodeMedici,orLisaGherardini,thewifeofarichsilkmerchant,FrancescodelGiocondo.Thetraditionalviewisthatthename“MonaLisa”comesfromthesilkmerchant’swife,aswellasitsItalianname:

“LaGioconda.”

55.Whereisthispassagemostprobablytakenfrom?

A.Amagazine.B.Anewspaper.C.AtextbookD.Aresearchreport.

56.Whydoestheauthoraskacoupleofquestionsinthebeginning?

A.Toarousetheinterestofreaders.B.TopuzzleItalianscientists.

C.Toanswerthequestionshimself.D.TomakefunofFrenchofficials.

57.Thebesttitleofthisstorymightbe“”．

A.WhatIsthePurposeofanInvestigation?

B.HowDidLeonardodaVinciDieinFrance?

C.AretheRemainsReallyThoseoftheMaster?

D.DidLeonardoPaintHimselfas‘MonaLisa’?

58.Thesentence“heplanstopresshiscasewiththeFrenchofficials”（underlinedinParagraph4）suggeststhatVincetiintendsto.

A.presstheFrenchofficialstoparticipateintheirproject

B.urgetheFrenchofficialstoopenthetombearlynextweek

C.persuadetheFrenchofficialstoallowopeningthetomb

D.recordeventsinaperson’slifewiththeFrenchofficials

59.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.ScholarshavethesameopiniononDNAtesting.

B.ScientistsdoubtiftheremainsarethoseofdaVinci.

C.Theidentityof“MonaLisa”l”hasalreadybeenproved.

D.AlessandroVezzosigotpermissiontoopenthetomo.

60.Wecaninferfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat？

A.“MonaLisa”isthenameofthewifeofasilkmerchant

B.the“MonaLisa”isaself-portraitofLeonardodaVinci

C.expertsdividedthecommitteeintoseveralgroups

D.opinionsdifferoftheidentityofthe“MonaLisa”

2

Mostofusspendourlivesseekingthenaturalworld.Tothisend,wewalkthedog,playgolf,gofishing,sitinthegarden,drinkoutsideratherthaninsidethepub,haveapicnic,liveinthesuburbs,gototheseaside,buyaweekendplaceinthecountry.ThemostpopularfreetimeactivityinBritainisgoingforawalk.Andwhenjoggers（慢跑者）jog,theydon’trunthestreets.Everyoneofthemautomatical

lyheadstotheparkortheriver.Itismyfirmbeliefthatnotonlydoweallneednature,butweallseeknature,whetherweknowwearedoingsoornot.

Butdespitethis,ourchildrenaregrowingupnature-deprived（丧失）.Ispentmyboyhoodclimbingtrees.Thesedays,childrenarerobbedoftheseancientfreedoms,duetoproblemslikecrime,traffic,thelossoftheopenspacesandstrangenewideasaboutwhatisbestforchildren,thatistosay,thingsthatcanbebought,ratherthanthingsthatcanbefound.

Thetruthistobefoundelsewhere.AstudyintheUS:

familieshadmovedtobetterhousingandthechildrenwereassessedforADHD（多动症）.Thosewhosehousinghadmorenaturalviewsshowedanimprovementof19%;

thosewhohadthesameimprovementinmaterialsurroundingsbutnoniceviewimprovedjust4%.

AstudyinSwedenindicatedthatkindergartenchildrenwhocouldplayinanaturalenvironmenthadlessillnessandgreaterphysicalabilitythanchildrenusedonlytoanormalplayground.AUSstudysuggestedthatwhenaschoolgavechildrenaccesstoanaturalenvironment,theentireschoolwoulddobetterinstudies.

Anotherstudyfoundthatchildrenplaydifferentlyinanaturalenvironment.Inplaygrounds,childrencreateahierarchy（等级）basedonphysicalabilities,withthetoughonestakingthelead.Butwhenagrassyareawasplantedwithbushes,thechildrengotmuchmoreintofantasyplay,andthesocialhierarchywasnowbasedonimaginationandcreativity.

Mostbullying（恃强凌弱）isfoundinschoolsw

herethereisatarmac（柏油碎石）playground;

theleastbullyingisinanaturalareathatthechildrenareencouragedtoexplore.ThisremindsmeunpleasantlyofSunnyhillSchool,withitshardtarmac,whereIusedtohangaboutincornersdreamingaboutwildlife.

Butchildrenarefrequentlydiscouragedfrominvolvementwithnaturalspaces,forhealthandsafetyreasons,forfearthattheymightgetdirtyorthattheymightcausedamage.So,instead,thedamageisdonetothechildrenthemselves:

nottotheirbodiesbuttotheirsouls.

OneofthegreatproblemsofmodernchildhoodisADHD,nowincreasinglyandexpensivelytreatedwithdrugs.YetonestudyafteranotherindicatesthatcontactwithnaturegiveshugebenefitstoADHDchildren.However,wespendmoneyondrugsratherthanongreenplaces.

Thelifeofoldpeopleismuchbetterwhentheyhaveaccesstonature.Themostimportantforthegrowingpopulationofoldpeopleisinqualityratherthanquantityofyears.Andstudyafterstudyfindsthatagardenisthesinglemostimportantthinginfindingthatquality.

Inwiderandmoredifficultare

asoflife,thereisevidencetoindicatethatnaturalsurroundingsimproveallkindsofthings.Evenproblemswithcrimeandaggressivebehaviourarereducedwhenthereiscontactwiththenaturalworld.

DrWilliamBird,researcherfromtheRoyalSocietyfortheProtectionofBirds,statesinhisstudy,“Anaturalenvironmentcanreduceviolentbehaviourbecauseitsprocesshelpsreduceangerandbehaviorthatpeoplemightregretlater.”Wildplacesneedencouragingforthisreason

nomatterhowsmalltheircontribution.

Wetendtothinkhumanbeingsaredoingnaturesomekindoffavourwhenweareprotectingnature.Theerrorhereisfartoodeep:

notonlydohumansneednatureforthemselves,buttheveryideathathumanityandthenaturalworldareseparablethingsisdamaging.

Humanbeingsareaspeciesofanimals.Forsevenmillionyearswelivedontheplanetaspartofnature.Sowemissthenaturalworldandlongforcontactwithnon-humanlife.Anyon