MBA联考英语二5docWord下载.docx
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(6),insteadofstrainingmusclestobuildthem,asexercisedoes,laughterapparentlyaccomplishesthe(7),studiesdatingbacktothe1930sindicatethatlaughter(8)muscles,decreasingmuscletoneforupto45minutesafterthelaughdiesdown.
Suchbodilyreactionmightconceivablyhelp(9)theeffectsofpsychologicalstress.Anyway,theactoflaughingprobablydoesproduceothertypesof(10)feedback,thatimproveanindividual'
semotionalstate.(11)oneclassicaltheoryofemotion,ourfeelingsarepartiallyrooted(12)physicalreactions.Itwasarguedattheendofthe19thcenturythathumansdonotcry(13)theyaresadbuttheybecomesadwhenthetearsbegintoflow.
Althoughsadnessalso(14)tears,evidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow(15)muscularresponses.Inanexperimentpublishedin1988,socialpsychologistFritzStrackoftheUniversityofWü
rzburginGermanyaskedvolunteersto(16)apeneitherwiththeirteeth-therebycreatinganartificialsmile-orwiththeirlips,whichwouldproducea(n)(17)expression.Thoseforcedtoexercisetheirsmilingmuscles(18)moreexuberantlytofunnycartonsthandidthosewhosemouthswerecontractedinafrown,(19)thatexpressionsmayinfluenceemotionsratherthanjusttheotherwayaround(20),thephysicalactoflaughtercouldimprovemood.
(分数:
(1).A.amongB.exceptC.despiteD.like(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(2).A.reflectB.demandC.indicateD.produce(分数:
(3).A.stabilizingB.boostingC.impairingD.determining(分数:
(4).A.transmitB.sustainC.evaluateD.observe(分数:
(5).A.measurableB.manageableC.affordableD.renewable(分数:
(6).A.InturnB.InfactC.InadditionD.Inbrief(分数:
(7).A.oppositeB.impossibleC.averageD.expected(分数:
(8).A.hardensB.weakensC.tightensD.relaxes(分数:
(9).A.aggravateB.generateC.moderateD.enhance(分数:
(10).A.physicalB.mentalC.subconsciousD.internal(分数:
(11).A.ExceptforB.AccordingtoC.DuetoD.Asfor(分数:
(12).A.withB.onC.inD.at(分数:
(13).A.unlessB.untilC.ifD.because(分数:
(14).A.exhaustsB.followsC.precedesD.suppresses(分数:
(15).A.intoB.fromC.towardsD.beyond(分数:
(16).A.fetchB.biteC.pickD.hold(分数:
(17).A.disappointedB.excitedC.joyfulD.indifferent(分数:
(18).A.adaptedtoB.cateredtoC.turnedtoD.reactedto(分数:
(19).A.suggestingB.requiringC.mentioningD.supposing(分数:
(20).A.EventuallyB.ConsequentlyC.SimilarlyD.Conversely(分数:
二、SectionⅡReadingCo(总题数:
0,分数:
0.00)
三、PartA(总题数:
四、Text1(总题数:
Attheheartofthedebateoverillegalimmigrationliesonekeyquestion:
areimmigrantsgoodorbadfortheeconomy?
TheAmericanpublicoverwhelminglythinksthey'
rebad.Yettheconsensusamongmosteconomistsisthatimmigration,bothlegalandillegal,providesasmallnetboosttotheeconomy.Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes,andleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.Sowhyistheresuchadiscrepancybetweentheperceptionofimmigrants'
impactontheeconomyandthereality?
Thereareanumberoffamiliartheories.Somearguethatpeopleareanxiousandfeelthreatenedbyaninflowofnewworkers.Othershighlightthestrainthatundocumentedimmigrantsplaceonpublicservices,likeschools,hospitals,andjails.Stillothersemphasizetheroleofrace,arguingthatforeignersaddtothenation'
sfearsandinsecurities.There'
ssometruthtoalltheseexplanations,buttheyaren'
tquitesufficient.
Togetabetterunderstandingofwhat'
sgoingon,considerthewayimmigration'
simpactisfelt.Thoughitsoveralleffectmaybepositive,itscostsandbenefitsaredistributedunevenly.DavidCard,aneconomistatUCBerkeley,notesthattheoneswhoprofitmostdirectlyfromimmigrants'
low-costlaborarebusinessesandemployers-meatpackingplantsinNebraska,forinstance,oragriculturalbusinessesinCalifornia.Granted,theseproducers'
savingsprobablytranslateintolowerpricesatthegrocerystore,buthowmanyconsumersmakethatmentalconnectionatthecheckoutcounter?
Asforthedrawbacksofillegalimmigration,these,too,areconcentrated.Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromthecompetitionofforeignlabor.AccordingtoastudybyGeorgeBorjas,aHarvardeconomist,immigrationreducedthewagesofAmericanhigh-schooldrop-outsby9%between1980-2000.
Amonghigh-skilled,better-educatedemployees,however,oppositionwasstrongestinstateswithbothhighnumbersofimmigrantsandrelativelygeneroussocialservices.Whatworriedthemmost,inotherwords,wasthefiscal(财政的)burdenofimmigration.Thatconclusionwasreinforcedbyanotherfinding:
thattheiroppositionappearedtosoftenwhenthatfiscalburdendecreased,asoccurredwithwelfarereforminthe1990s,whichcurbedimmigrants'
accesstocertainbenefits.
Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.Evenforthosemostacutelyaffected-say,low-skilledworkers,orCaliforniaresidents-theimpactisn'
tallthatdramatic."
Theunpleasantvoiceshavetendedtodominateourperceptions,"
saysDanielTichenor,apoliticalscienceprofessorattheUniversityofOregon."
Butwhenallthosefactorsareputtogetherandtheeconomistscalculatethenumbers,itendsupbeinganetpositive,butasmallone."
Toobadmostpeopledon'
trealizeit.
(1).Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?
A.Whetherimmigrantsaregoodorbadfortheeconomyhasbeenpuzzlingeconomists.
B.TheAmericaneconomyusedtothriveonimmigrationbutnowit'
sadifferentstory.
C.Theconsensusamongeconomistsisthatimmigrationshouldnotbeencouraged.
D.Thegeneralpublicthinksdifferentlyfrommosteconomistsontheimpactofimmigration.(分数:
2.00)
(2).InwhatwaydoestheauthorthinkordinaryAmericansbenefitfromimmigration?
A.Theycanaccessallkindsofpublicservices.
B.Theycangetconsumergoodsatlowerprices.
C.Theycanmixwithpeopleofdifferentcultures.
D.Theycanavoiddoingmuchofthemanuallabor.(分数:
(3).Whydonativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromillegalimmigration?
A.Theyhavegreaterdifficultygettingwelfaresupport.
B.Theyaremorelikelytoencounterinterracialconflicts.
C.Theyhaveahardertimegettingajobwithdecentpay.
D.Theyarenomatchforillegalimmigrantsinlaborskills.(分数:
(4).Whatisthechiefconcernofnativehigh-skilled,better-educatedemployeesabouttheinflowofimmigrants?
A.Itmaychangetheexistingsocialstructure.
B.Itmayposeathreattotheireconomicstatus.
C.Itmayleadtosocialinstabilityinthecountry.
D.Itmayplaceagreatstrainonthestatebudget.(分数:
(5).Whatistheironyaboutthedebateoverimmigration?
A.Eveneconomistscan'
treachaconsensusaboutitsimpact.
B.Thosewhoareopposedtoitturnouttobenefitmostfromit.
C.Peoplearemakingtoobigafussaboutsomethingofsmallimpact.
D.Thereisnoessentialdifferencebetweenseeminglyoppositeopinions.(分数:
五、Text2(总题数:
WhenLiamMcGeedepartedaspresidentofBankofAmericainAugust,hisexplanationwassurprisinglystraightup.Ratherthancloakinghisexitintheusualvagueexcuses,hecamerightoutandsaidhewasleaving"
topursuemygoalofrunningacompany"
.Broadcastinghisambitionwas"
verymuchmydecision."
McGeesays.Withintwoweeks,hewastalkingforthefirsttimewiththeboardofHartfordFinancialServicesGroup,whichnamedhimCEOandchairmanonSeptember29.
McGeesaysleavingwithoutapositionlinedupgavehimtimetoreflectonwhatkindofcompanyhewantedtorun.Italsosentaclearmessagetotheoutsideworldabouthisaspirations.AndMcGeeisn'
talone.InrecentweekstheNo.2executivesatAvonandAmericanExpressquitwiththeexplanationthattheywerelookingforaCEOpost.Asboardsscrutinizesuccessionplansinresponsetoshareholderpressure,executiveswhodon'
tgetthenodalsomaywishtomoveon.Aturbulentbusinessenvironmentalsohasseniormanagerscautiousoflettingvaguepronouncementscloudtheirreputations.
Asthefirstsignsofrecoverybegintotakehold,deputychiefsmaybemorewillingtomakethejumpwithoutanet.Inthethirdquarter,CEOturnoverwasdown23%fromayearagoasnervousboardsstuckwiththeleaderstheyhad,accordingtoLiberumResearch.Astheeconomypicksup,opportunitieswillaboundforaspiringleaders.
Thedecisiontoquitaseniorpositiontolookforabetteroneisunconventional.ForyearsexecutivesandheadhuntershaveadheredtotherulethatthemostattractiveCEOcandidatesaretheoneswhomustbepoached