高考英语学法指导与语法易错点归纳七讲Word下载.docx
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stomach---stomachs,tooth---teeth,woman---women,sheep---sheep,
deer---deer,Chinese---Chinese,amandoctor---mendoctors,
awomandoctor---womendoctors,looker-on---lookers-on,
grown-up---grown-ups
误:
Therearemanywomanteachersinmyschool.
正:
Therearemanywomenteachersinmyschool.
2.常考不可数名词
advice,baggage,equipment,information,luggage,furniture,fun,weather,knowledge,jewelry,progress
Whatafineweatheritis!
Whatfineweatheritis!
3.可数不可数均可,但意思不同
experience经历(可数);
经验(不可数)
room房间(可数);
空间(不可数)
exercise练习(可数);
锻炼、运动(不可数)
VisitingtheGreatWallisunforgettableexperiencetome.
VisitingtheGreatWallisanunforgettableexperiencetome.
4.只能修饰可数名词的有:
few,afew,many,agreat/goodmany,alargenumberof…
Thereisalargenumberofwaterinthehole.
Thereisagreatdealofwaterinthehole.
5.只能修饰不可数名词的有:
little,alittle,much,alargeamountof,agreat/gooddealof…
Thereareagreatdealofpeoplelivingthere.
Thereareagoodmanypeoplelivingthere.
6.可数不可数都可修饰的有:
alotof,lotsof,plentyof,alargequantityof,largequantitiesof,如:
Thereareplentyoftreesalongtheriver.
Thereisalargequantityofsnowonthetopofthemountain.
7.只有复数形式的名词有:
trousers,clothes,socks,shorts,goods,thanks,congratulations,belongings…
Apairoftrousersarehangingoverthere.
Apairoftrousersishangingoverthere.
8.复数形式,单数意思的有:
plastics,news,politics,physics,mathematics…
Thenewsareexciting.
Thenewsisexciting.
9.复合名词的复数形式。
girlfriends,boystudents,womenteachers,menworkers,passers-by,go-betweens,grown-ups
There'
remanyboysstudentsinmyclass.
remanyboystudentsinmyclass.
10.名词做主语,谓语动词用复数
police,cattle,clothes,goods
Cattlesellswellatthatmarket.
Cattlesellwellatthatmarket.
11.几个应该特殊注意的名词。
people(民族,人);
village(村庄,村民);
man(男人,人类),youth(年轻人,青年男子,青春)
TheChinesearepeace-lovingpeople.
TheChineseareapeace-lovingpeople.
12.名词所有格
1)形式'
s,ofTom'
slivingroom,teachers'
office,teachers'
room,afriendofmine,JohnandMary'
school,John'
sandMary'
sschools
2)'
s适用范围
有生命的物体、时间、距离、国家、城市、机构等
Thisisthemountain'
spicture.
Thisisapictureofthemountain.
JohnandMary'
sschoolsarebeautiful.
John'
sschoolsarebeautiful.
3)不能被'
s所替换的所有格形式:
thecityofBeijing,attheageof20,theexperienceoftheold,thestruggleofthepoor…
13.必须加the的有以下几种情况。
1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物;
Ihaveapen.Thepenislost.
2)谈话双方所共知的共指的物体;
Lookattheblackboard.
3)序数词,形容词最高级前;
Sheisthebeststudentinmyclass.
4)世界上独一无二的物体;
Theearthmovesaroundthesun.
5)表方位的名词前;
Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.
6)形容词前表一类人;
Thericharenotalwayshappy.
7)乐器
Heisplayingthepianonow.
8)山脉、河流、海洋、群岛;
ChinaisontheeastofthePacificOcean.
9)same,only,very前;
It'
stheverybookI'
mlookingfor.
10)bythe+计量单位;
bythedozen,bytheday,bythepound
Theworkersarepaidbythehour.
Birdsflytosouthinwinter.
Birdsflytothesouthinwinter.Birdsflysouthinwinter.
14.不用冠词的情况有以下几种。
1)表泛指的名词前;
如:
Doyoulikemusic?
2)三餐前;
havebreakfast,lunch,supper,dinner…
3)棋类、球类运动前;
Almostalltheboysinmyclassloveplayingfootball.
4)表官衔、职位的名词前;
Hewasmademonitoroftheclass.
5)Childasheis中的child名词前。
Studentasheis,heneverobeystheteacher.
高考英语学法指导与语法易错点归纳[二]一关于英语总复习的几点建议
(一)学会自主学习
所谓自主学习,就是学生具有学好英语的欲望,在老师的指导下能自己确定目标,自己安排进程,自己设计活动,自己寻找材料,自己监督自己,自己总结经验。
课上课下听老师的话是对的,但要有主动性,作学习的主人。
坚持实践第一,以使用英语为主。
简明扼要地对学过的知识进行归纳总结是必要的,但决不能用很多的时间去钻研语法规则。
应该把大部分时间用在阅读、写作和听力的练习上,即应用语言上,尤其要加大和突出阅读的训练。
使用英语的能力是在使用英语的实践中产生和提高的,并不是靠老师给讲会的。
Englishisbestlearntwhenalwaysusedinmeaningfulcommunication.学习英语要坚持模仿为主,理论分析为辅,不要过分钻研为什么。
有的同学在学习英语时,采取"
君子动口不动手"
的态度,一味在那里琢磨理论,而不是抓紧时间动手写写,找出文章赶紧看看或打开录音机听听。
这样的同学最终使用英语的能力不会有大的提高。
(二)抓好基础题
无论什么考试,基础的东西都是最重要的。
英语高考也不例外。
考生应努力做到保证拿到基础题的分,力争难题的分。
在复习中,一定要结合实际情况安排练习的难度。
如果水平不是很高,就一定要以练习基础题为主,不要嫌容易,不要跟别人攀比。
要把基础词汇、基本句型弄扎实,要做到懂、会、熟。
越临近高考越要降低难度。
有人以为做多难的练习就能达到多高的水平,其实并不是这样,这也取决于原来的基础。
(三)把《考试大纲》上的词汇表掌握好。
词汇表是高考命题的基础,是应该重点掌握的词汇。
词汇表上的许多名词可归类为阅读词汇,这类词知道意思,会拼写即可。
但动词、介词、连词及其他常用名词等则必须做到四会。
学习词汇表不要照搬词典,词典的解释太繁杂了,高考用不上。
(四)重视总结做题规律和扩大知识面。
背诵短文,例句,甚至例题好处甚多。
天天练,最终会见成效,但不要渴望迅速成功,因为语言的提高是慢工夫。
停一天等于前三天白练。
只有那些坚持不懈,埋头苦干,永不退缩的人才有希望到达光辉的顶点。
二语法知识易错点
1.it,that,one,theone,theones,those
Mypenwaslost.Icannotfindit.(同一物体)
Mypenwaslost.Ihavetobuyanewone.(同类不同一)
ThepopulationofShanghaiismuchlargerthanthatofTianjin.(不可数名词)
ThispenisnottheoneIlostyesterday.(特指)
ThepensarenottheonesIlostyesterday.
ThepensarenotthoseIlostyesterday.
误句:
TheweatherinBeijingismuchcolderthantheoneinShanghai.
正句:
TheweatherinBeijingismuchcolderthanthatinShanghai.
2.each,either,both,neither,every,all
Treesareplantedoneither/eachsideofthestreet.
Treesareplantedonbothsidesofthestreet.
Treesareplantedonevery/eachsideofthesquare.
Treesareplantedonneithersideofthestreet.
Treesareplantedonallsidesofthesquare.
Youcantiethehorsetoeveryofthetwotrees.
Youcantiethehorsetoeitherofthetwotrees.
3.any,either
Ihavethreebooksandyoucanchooseanyone.
Ihavetwobooksandyoucanchooseeitherone.
---Whenwouldyouliketocomeovertomyhouse,SaturdayorSunday?
---AnydayisOKwithme.
---EitherdayisOKwithme.
3.another,theother,theothers,others
Anotherstudentcamein.
Ihavetwobrothers.Oneisateacher.Theotherisadoctor.
Supposethereare50students.
Somestudents(20)areplayingfootballontheplayground.Others(20)aredoingtheirhomeworkintheclassroom.
Theotherstudents(30)areplayingfootballontheplayground.
Theothers(30)areplayingfootballontheplayground.
4.none,nothing,nobody,neither
1)---Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroom?
---None.
2)---Howmuchmoneydoyouhave?
3)---Isthereanybodyintheclassroom?
---Nobody.
4)---Isthereanythingintheroom?
---Nothing.
5)---Wouldyoupleaselendmesomeink?
---Sorry,butIhavenoneleftmyself.
6)Iwantneitherofthetwobooks.
Iwantnoneofthethreebooks.
---Whatdoyouwant?
---None.
1)---Whatdoyouwant?
---Nothing.
2)---Ofthethreethings,whichdoyouwant?
---None.
5.反身代词应注意以下几点。
1)Imyselfthink…
2)Helpyourself!
请随便吃吧
3)Makeyourselfathome!
别客气
4)Don'
tupsetyourself.别自寻烦恼
5)makeoneselfheard/understood
Icouldn'
tmakemyselfheardabovethenoise.声音被淹没了。
6)betweenourselves,doyouthink私下里说
7)Initself,hisillnessisnothingtoworryabout.就疾病本身而言,没什么可担心的。
8)Heisnotquitehimselftoday.他感到不舒服
9)byoneself=alone,withouthelp单干、无人帮忙
10)foroneself为……
Youhavetherighttodecideforyourself.
11)ofoneself自动地
Thelightwentoutofitself.
6.代词的其他注意事项:
1)this,that
Myplanislikethis:
first…second…third…
Hewasill.That'
swhyhedidn'
tcome.
2)much,many
3)some,any
4)it可以指代分不清性别的小孩
Isitaboyoragirl?
5)she,he也可以用于月亮、太阳、轮船或动物拟人化。
Chinaisourmotherlandandsheisthemostbeautifulcountryintheworldinmyopinion.
6)you,heandI,youandI,ladiesandgentlemen
7.数词
1)大于某数morethan20years,overthirty,abovetwentydegrees
2)小于lessthantendays,fewerthan50people,childrenunder7
3)至少atleast10dollars,nolessthan100people
4)大约aboutthreedays,around2o'
clock,twomilesorso
5)至多notmorethan5rooms,atmosttendays
6)仅有nomorethan1year,only2years
7)倍数Thisruleristwice/threetimeslongerthanthatone.
Thisruleristwice/threetimesaslongasthatone.
Thisruleristwice/threetimesthelengthofthatone.
Thisboxisasthreetimesheavierasthatone.
Thisboxisthreetimesasheavyasthatone.
8.数字+形容词+名词
safive-foot-deephole.
Theholeisfivefeetdeep.
saholefivefeetdeep.
It'
sathree-meters-longtable.
sathree-meter-longtable.
9.形容词,副词的比较级和最高级
busy---busier---busiest
hot---hotter---hottest
important---moreimportant---mostimportant
good---better---best
many/much---more---most
bad/ill---worse---worst
old---older/elder---oldest/eldest
little---less---least