四级辅导写作讲义文档格式.docx
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4.六级考试作文分类：
①按照形式可分为：
标题作文、段首句作文、提纲/提示作文、关键词作文、图表作文、情景作文、书信、文章摘要等八种。
②按照其内在结构可分为：
对立观点型、问题解决行、利弊说明型、主题阐述型、图表说明型以及综合型。
5.六级作文大部分为三段式，即分为引言、主体、结尾三部分。
6.写作注意事项：
a.卷面的美观并不是评分的主要标准，所以不必誊写文章。
b.文章中的观点正确与否、事实准确与否，不必细究。
c.时间分配要合理，30分钟内要完成审题、立意、组织素材、考虑结构、实际写作、最终检查六道工序。
其中实际写作的时间最好不要少于20分钟。
7.考生作文常见缺点：
①重点不突出；
②语言不连贯。
8.写作原则：
尽量多使用四级词汇；
注意长句、短句的搭配；
注意句式的变化。
II.按文章的内在结构分为：
１．对立观点型：
模板1：
DifferentpeoplehavedifferentviewsonAAA.SomepeoplesupportAAAbyclaimingthat_____________________.//Somepeople,ontheotherhand,thinkdifferently.Theysaythat_____________________.Forexample, _____________________. //Inmyopinion,althougheverythinghasitsbothpositiveandnegativesides.Iwouldliketoagreetotheformer._____________________.Thereasongoesasfollows.Foronething,___________________.Foranotherthing,_____________________.
模板2：
People’sopinionsonAAAvaryfrompersontoperson.SomeofthemholdthatAAAisrightbecause_____________________.//Nevertheless,otherpeopleprefertheviewthatBBBisbetter.Theyexplainthat_____________________.//AsfarasIamconcerned,myfavorgoestothefirstview.Thefollowingarethereasonsofmychoice.First,_____________________.Secondly,_____________________.Inconclusion,____________.
2．问题解决型：
模板3：
Nowadays,wehavetofaceaproblemthat_____________________.//Peoplehadfiguredoutmanywaystosolvethisproblem.Firstly,_____________________.Thoughthismethodhasitsgoodsideslike_____________________,oneofitsbadsidesitbringsaboutisthatitcan_____________________.//Secondly,_____________________isanothermeans.Butitalsohasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.Ontheonehand,_____________________.Ontheotherhand,_____________________.//Allinall,thesolutionsmaynotbringtheperfectresult,butaslongaswedoitwithourbrainsandhands,wewillonedayresolvetheproblem.
模板4：
AlthoughAAAhasbroughtconveniencetous,manypeoplehavebeguntorealizethatitisthesourceoftroubleaswell.//BecauseofAAA,_____________________happenagainandagainallovertheworld.What’smore,_____________________.//InordertosolvetheproblemofAAA,peoplehavedone_____________________.//Butsomeotherproblemspoppingupwiththesolutionevenmakingthesituationworse.Sowemusttrytofindoutnewwaystocopewithit.
3．利弊说明型：
模板5：
Nowadays,itiscommontosee_____________________.Manypeoplelike_____________________because_____________________.Besides,_____________________.//However,AAA,justlikeanythingelse,hasitsnegativesideaswell.Ithasalsogivenrisetoaseriesofproblems.Forexample,_____________________.Theworstofall,_____________________,forthereasonthat_____________________.//Therefore,inmyopinion,_____________________.Butatthesametime,_____________________.Theresultdependsonthebalancebetweentheiradvantagesanddisadvantages.
模板6：
EverythinghasitstwosidesandAAAisnotanexception.Ithasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.//Therearemanyadvantagesforpeopleto_____________________.Forinstance,ithelpsusto_____________________;
itenablesusto_____________________.//Ofcourse,thedisadvantagescannotbeignored.Asiswellknown,_____________________.//Personally,Ithink_____________________.
4．主题阐述型：
模板7：
ThereisanoldsayingAAA.It’stheexperienceofourforefathers,however,itiscorrectinmanycaseseventoday.//Usually,_____________________.Butitisn’talwaysthecase._____________________.Inshort,AAA.//Assumethat_____________________.Theresultisthat_____________________.//Onthecontrary,_____________________.Consequent,_____________________.//whateveryoudo,pleaserememberthesaying---AAA.Ifyouunderstanditandapplyittoyourstudyorwork,you’llnecessarilybenefitalotfromit.
模板8：
Withscienceandtechnologyhighlydevelopedandpeople’slivingstandardgreatlyimproved,AAAhascomeintoourlife.//ThepopularityofAAAcanbeaccountedbyitsutility.Foronething,itcan_____________________.Foranotherthing,itcanhelp_____________________.//Withitsuses,thereisnodoubtthat_____________________.
5．图表说明型：
模板9：
Thegraphshowsus_____________________.//Somereasonscanexplainthistrend.First,_____________________.Second,_____________________.Third,_____________________.//Ifwecannottakeeffectivemeasure,wemaynotcontrolthistrend,andundesiredresultmaycomeoutunexpectedly.Sowhatweshoulddois___________________.
模板10：
Accordingtothetwographspresented,itcanbeobservedthat_____________________.Intheleftgraph,_____________________.Atthesametime,_____________________astherightgraphshows.//Asfarasweknow,AAAiscloselyrelatedtoBBB._____________________.//TherelationshipbetweenAAAandBBBcanalsobeobservedinthetwograph._____________________.//Forthesakeof,__________________.
6．综合型：
模板11：
WeallknowtheimportanceofthemasteryofAAA.AAAcanmakeyou_____________________.Itcanalsohelpyou_____________________.//TherearemanywaystomasterAAA,andthefollowingaretheveryimportantones.First,_____________________.Second,_____________________.Mostimportantofall,_____________________.//However,itisstilldifficultforustoachieveouraim.Weshouldhavepersistencetoovercomeanydifficulties,becausethemasteryofAAAis_____________________.
III.常用的“启、承、转、合”表达方法
1．“启”。
用于引导主题句，或用于主题句之后，引导第一个扩展句。
包括：
First,Firstly,Firstofall,Atfirst,Inthefirstplace,Inthebeginning,Tobeginwith,Tostartwith,Now,Atpresent,recently,lately,Ingeneral,generallyspeaking,Foronething（foranother）,Ontheonehand（ontheotherhand）
2．“承”。
用于承接主题句或前一个扩展句。
second,secondly,third,also/too,besidethis,inaddition（to）,furthermore,moreover,whatismore,forexample/instance,asanexample,asanotherexample;
namely,then,ofcourse,inotherwords,inparticular,inthesameway,afterthat,afterwards,afterafewdays,afterawhile,fromnowon,later,justas,similarly,meanwhile,atthesametime,bythistime,soon,consequently,forthispurpose
3．“转”。
用于表示不同或相反的情况。
afterall,but,yet,however,nevertheless,though,although,despite,inspiteof,onthecontrary,unlike,ontheotherhand,allthesame,unfortunately,still,infact,asamatteroffact
4．“合”。
用于小结上文的内容，引导最后一个扩展句或引导结尾句表示段落的结束。
Ashasbeennoted;
Inconclusion;
Inshort;
Insummary;
Therefore;
Thus;
Tosumup;
Toconclude;
Tosummarize;
Briefly;
Aboveall;
Asaresult;
Forthisreason;
asIhavesaid;
atlast;
atlength;
eventually;
accordingly;
indeed;
surely;
nodoubt;
truly;
so;
obviously;
certainly.
IV.常用句型
a.）提出观点
1.Advocatesof…proclaimthat…
2.Somepeoplethinkthat…Tobefrank,Icannotagreewiththeiropinionforthereasonbelow.
3.Oneofthegreatwritersoncesaidthat…Nowitstillhasarealisticsignificance.
4.Oneofthegreatmenonceremarkedthat…Nowmoreandmorepeoplesharethisbelief.
5.Foryears,…hasbeenseenas….Butthingsarequitedifferentnow.
6.Now,itiscommonlybelievedthat….Suchpeoplethink….ButIwonderwhether…
7.Despitetheargumentsabove,Iprefer…to…
8.Ibelievethatthetitlestatementisvalidbecause…
9.IagreewiththeabovestatementbecauseIbelievethat…
10.ConsequentlyIhavetoagreethat…
11.Ifindthestatementof…tobetoonarrow.
12.Formypart,Iamagainst/（infavorof）…
13.Asfaras…areconcerned,however,Iprefer…
14.YetIamoneofthemanypeoplewhofeelthat…
15.Generally,Ipreferto…
16.Icannotentirelyagreewiththeideathat….Ibelieve…
17.Whenitcomesto…,mostpeoplebelievethat…,butotherpeopleregard…as…
18.Noviewismoredangerousnowthantheonethat…（which）isgenerallyheldby…
19.Nobeliefissoundesirableastheonethat…（which）iscommonlyheldby…
20.Untilrecently,…wasregardedas…Butpeoplearetakingafreshlookatit.
21.Ifeelthatthesaying/proverbneatlyjustifiesthedecisionto….
22.When…,we,moreoftenthannot,preferto…
23.Inthediscussion,manypeoplesuggestthat…ButIarguethat…
24.ButwhatevertheadvantagesofA,IlikeB.
25.Somesay…Butotherstakeanegativeattitude.Inmyopinion,Iarguethat…
26.Myargumentforthisviewgoesasfollows.
b.）阐述观点
1.Yetthereisaflawintheargumentthat…
2.Wemustfacetheessentialfactthat…
3.Noonecandenythefactthat…
4.Therearemanyreasonsfor…Foronething…Foranother…
5.Studiesshowthat…
6.Onethingisobvious…
7.Ifollowtheideathat…
8.Butactually,thisisnotthecase.
9.Itmustberealizedthat…
10.Itistruethatbycomparison…,but…
11.Anothercontributingfactorof…is…
12.Whyare…?
Foronething….Foranother…Perhapstheprimaryreasonis…
13.…ismainlyresponsiblefortherisein…
14.Whatthesepeoplefailtounderstandisthat…
15.Itistruethat…,butitdoes（necessarily）notfollowthat…
16.Theproblemisthat…
17.Ontheotherhand,Iappreciatethat…
18.Thereisalwaysadangerthat…,
19.TheadvantagesofBaremuchgreaterthanthoseofA.
20.Anotherfactoristhat…
21.Mycontention,however,isthat…
22.Thedilemmaiswhetheritisbetterto…
23.Whenfacedwith…,wefindcomfortintheideathat…
24.Thereisnoevidencetosu
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