初中被动语态练习题及答案Word文件下载.docx
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3、Isthesonglikedbyyoungpeople?
4、Whoisthesonglikedby?
=Bywhomisthesongliked?
四、主动语态改被动语态的方法:
方法分为三步:
⑴把原句中的宾语改成主语
⑵动词改为变动形式bedone
⑶原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词by后面,以指明做事的
人或物,如果没有必要则省去
Themankilledatiger.
→Atigerwaskilledbytheman.
五、特殊句型的被动语态:
1含有使役动词或感官动词的句子,在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式,但是在改成被动语态时,则一定要把省去的to再加上去,另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to,但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。
①Motheroftenmakesmedosomehousework.
→Iamoftenmadetodosomehouseworkbymother.
②Wesawhimrunintotheclassroom.
→Hewasseentorunintotheclassroombyus.
带省to的不定式作宾补的被动语态:
动词+sb+dosth.口诀:
感使动词真叫怪,to来to去记心怀,主动语态to离去,被动语态动词:
make/let/have/see/hear/feel/watchmakesbdosth----sb+be+made+ThebossmadetheworkersworkalldayTheworkers__________________workalldaybytheboss..带双宾语的被动语态:
teach,give,pass,show,buy,tell
①Shegavemeapen.=Shegaveapentome.
→Iwasgivenapenbyher.
→Apenwasgiventomebyher.
②Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.=Myfatherboughtanewbikeforme.
→Iwasboughtanewbikebymyfather.
→Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather.
动词+sb+sth
口诀:
如遇双宾语,一般变间宾,若把直宾变,to/for间宾连。
1).give/pass/show与介词to搭配。
givesbsth——sb+begivensth或sth+begiven+tosb.
2).buy/make/cook与介词for搭配。
buysbsth——sb+bebought+sth或sth+bebought+forsb
Hegavemeabook
I_______________abookbyhim.Abook_________________mebyhim.Mymothermademeacake.
I____________acakebymymotherAcake_____________mebymymother.
由不及物动词+介词/副词+宾语的句子改成被动语态时,介词或副词不能丢掉。
①Weshouldspeaktooldpeoplepolitely.
→Oldpeopleshouldbespokentopolitely.
②Hetookawaythebox..
→Theboxwastakenawaybyhim.
4.see/hear/notice/keep+sb+doingsth句型中变被动语态时doing不变。
IheardTomsingingjustnowTom__________________bymejustnow..以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时,不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。
Weshouldtakecareoftheold.Theoldshould________________________.有些词组没有被动语态:
sellwell,writewell,ridewell,drivewellwashwell
六、没有被动语态的动词:
1.没有被动语态的词,表示状态或特征的及物动词如cost,fit,have,suit等没有被动形式,另外,诸如happen=takeplace,breakout,breakdown等不及物动词或短语以及诸如resultfrom,belongto,consistof等只用主动语态,而不用被动语态2不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态:
appear,die,disappear,end,fail,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,stand,cometrue,fallasleep,...
3.大多数系动词:
be,feel,sound,look,
smelltaste等词无被动语态,它们的主动形式表示被动意义。
①Theskirtfeelsverysoft.这件裙子摸起来很柔软。
②Manychangeshavehappenedinourhometown.
③Thefilmlastedforhours.
一、单项选择:
1.English____inCanada.
A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken
.ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.
A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung
.Thiskindofcar___inJapan.
A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade
.Newcomputers___allovertheworld.
A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused
.Ourroommust___clean.
A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep
.Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.
A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding
.Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.
A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed
.Japanese___ineverycountry.
A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking
.Thesepapers___yet.
A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwritten
C.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten
10.Thesportsmeeting___behelduntilnextweek.
A.didn’tB.won’tC.isn’tD.doesn’t
11.___thewatchbeenrepairedyet?
Ibadlyneedit.
A.DoesB.HasC.IsD.Are
12.___thesedesksbeneeded?
A.WillB.AreC.HasD.Do
13.Why___totalkaboutityesterday?
A.didn’tameetingholdB.wasn’tameetingheld
C.wasn’theldameetingD.ameetingwasn’theld
14.Whowasthebook___?
A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby
15.Where___theseboxesmade?
A.wasB.wereC.isD.am
16.Theflowers___often.
A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater
17.Thebooksmay___fortwoweeks.
A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow
18.Theteachermadehim___hishomework.
A.todoB.doC.didD.done
19.Theboy___streetswithoutpayingintheolddays.
A.wasmadetocleanB.madecleanC.madetocleanD.wasmadeclean
0.Thesechildren____dance.
A.wereseentoB.wereseenforC.wereseenD.sawto
1.Greatchanges___inthepasttenyearsinChina.
A.tookplaceB.havetakenplaceC.weretakingplaceD.hadtakenplace
2.Greatchanges___inourcountryduringthepast0years.
A.havehappenedB.happenedC.havebeenhappenedD.werehappened
3.Pleasepassmeanothercup.Thisone___.
初中英语被动语态深度讲解、
语态的基本概念和种类
语态是动词的一种形式,用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
所以英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
语态有两种:
主动语态和被动语态。
主语是
动作的发出者为主动语态;
主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。
如:
Theybuiltthebridge.
Thebridgewasbuiltbythem.
被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
人称、数和时态的
变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
1一般现在时:
am/is/are+taught
Sheoftenwaterstheflowers.
Theflowersareoftenwateredbyher’
Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld
2一般过去时:
was/were+taught
Was/weredone
Wevisitedaformyesterday.
Aformwasvisitedyesterdaybyus.
thecupwasbrokenbytheboy.
Hewassavedatlast.
Mybikewasstolen,
Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.
Thisbookwaspublishedin1981.这本书出版于1981年
3一般将来时:
will/shallbe+taught
Am/is/aregoingtobedone
Shewillplantsometreesthisweek.
sometreeswillbeplantedthisweek.
ourclassisgoingtoholdapartythismorning.
Apartyisgoingtobeheldthiseveningbyourclass
Anewroadwillbebuiltnextyear
4现在进行时:
am/is/arebeing+taught
过去进行时:
was/werebeingdone
Heisreadinganovel.
Anovelisbeingread
Theproblemwasbeingdiscussednow
Themachinewasbeingrepairedatthistimeyesterday.
5现在完成时:
have/hasbeen+taught
歌诀是:
被动语态be字变,过去分词跟后面
主动语态变被动语态的方法与注意事项
通常的办法是:
将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语,将主动结构中的谓语动词变为“be/get+过去分词”形式,将主动结构中的主语变为介词by的宾语。
如:
LiLeiplantedthetreelastyear.
→Thetreewa
splantedbyLiLeilastyear.这棵树是李蕾去年栽的。
WorkersmadethemachinesinChangsha.\→ThemachinesweremadeinChangsha.这些机器是长沙造的。
将含有复合宾语的句子变为被动语态时,应将宾语变为被动结构的主语,而宾语的补足语则留在原处成为主语补足语。
Hepaintedthedoorgreenyesterday.→Thedoorwaspaintedgreenyesterday.昨天门被漆成绿色了。
注意:
表示“使、让”的动词make,have等,以及感官动词see,watch,observe,定式作宾语补足语,但变为被动语态时,须转为带to不定式。
Isawabagdropfromthebus.
→Abagwasseentodropfromthebus.
Mothermadeherbabysleepinherarms.
→Thebabywasmadetosleepinhermother’sarms.
Isawhimgointotheteachers’office.
→Hewasseentogointotheteachers’office.
看见他进入了教师办公室。
Weoftenhearhersinginthenextroom.
Sheisoftenheardtosinginthenextroom.
Thebossmadethemworkfor1hoursaday
Theyweremsdetoworkfor1hoursadaysbytheboss
带双宾语的句子变为被动语态时,既可将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语,而在间接宾语前加to或for留在动词之后;
也可将间接宾语变为被动结构的主语,而直接宾语留在动词之后。
但一般采用后一种用法。
Hegavemethepenlastyear.
→Iwasgiventhepenlastyear.
Thepenwasgiventomelastyear.这支笔是去年给我的。
Heboughtmeabook
=abookwasboughtformebyhim
直接宾语和间接宾语都可作被动语态的主语。
Mr.Smithgaveusalecture.
→WeweregivenalecturebyMr.Smith.
或---AlecturewasgivenbyMr.Smith.
当句中含有return,write,find,buy等动词时,常把直接宾语转为被动语态的主语,同时要注意介词的搭配。
Ireturnedhimthebook.
→Thebookwasreturnedtohim.
Hewrotemeashortnote.
→Ashortnotewaswrittentome.
Hefoundmeanumbrella.
→Anumbrellawasfoundforme.
Iboughthersomeflowers.
→Someflowerswereboughtforher.
一般说来,间接宾语前带to的动词有:
bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,post,send,show,take,teach,tell,write,throw等;
间接宾语前带for的动词有:
book,buy,call,cook,do,get,make,save等。
动词believe,consider,declare,expect,know,report,say,
suppose,think等的被动语态,常有两种结构形式。
Hewassaidtogethurtinthecaraccident.人们说他在车祸中受伤了。
Itwassaidthathegothurtinthecaraccident.人们说他在车祸中受伤了。
短语动词变被动语态时,短语动词后面的介词或副词不能省略,短语动词应当看作一个整体。
Shehasneverbeenoperatedonbefore.她从未动过手术。
Thebabywaslookedafterbyhersister.这婴儿由她的姐姐照顾。
Hisplanwaslaughedatbyeveryone.他的计划大家都嘲笑。
Wecan’tlookdownuponanybody.
→Anybodycan’tbelookeddownupon.
Thedoorkeeperturnsoffthelightsat11pmeveryday.
→Thelightsareturnedoffat11pmbythedoorkeepereveryday.Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.
→Thesickmanisbeingtakencareofbythenurse.
动词不定式的被动语态:
即把todo变成tobedone
不用被动语态的情况
1)不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态:
appear,die,disappear,end,fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,stand,breakout,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart,takeplace.
如,Afterthefire,verylittleremainedofmyhouse.
比较:
rise,fall,happen是不及物动词;
raise,seat是及物动词。
Thepricehasbeenrisen.
Thepricehasrisen.
Theaccidentwashappenedlastweek.
Theaccidenthappenedlastweek.
Thepricehasraised.
Thepricehasbeenraised.
Pleaseseat.
Pleasebeseated.
要想正确地使用被动语态,就须注意哪些动词是及物的,哪些是不及物的。
特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。
解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中