贵州省湄潭县湄江中学学年高二上学期期末考.docx
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贵州省湄潭县湄江中学学年高二上学期期末考
湄江高级中学2016-2017学年度第一学期目标质量检测
高二英语
(总分:
120分,时间:
100分钟)
第一部分:
阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Victor’shobbywascollectingstamps.Hehadstampsfrommanycountries,likeEngland,CanadaandChina.Onhisbirthday,canyouguesswhatpeoplegavehim?
That’sright—stamps.
Victor’sfavoritestampscamefromFrance.Hehadalmosteverystampfrom1954to2004.Heonlyneededone.Thatwasa1974specialedition.Itwasveryhardtofind.
Helookedforiteverywhere.Heaskedhisfriendsandrelativestohelphim.Butnobodycouldfindthestamp.ItmadeVictorverysad.“Don’tworry.Nevergiveup,”hisfathersaidtohim.“Ifyouhaveenoughpatience,you’llfinditoneday.”
“Ihopeso,”Victorsaid.
Victoralsolikedwriting.HehadapenfriendinFrance.Theywrotetoeachothereverymonth.Victor’spenfriend,Phillip,usuallyusednewstampstosendletters.Sometimes,hismothergavehimstampstouse.OncePhillip’smothergavehimabig,greenstamp.Itlookedold.WhenVictorreceivedtheletter,hewasverysurprised.Ontheenvelope,helookedcarefullyatthestamp.Itwasthe1974specialeditionstamp.Victorwassohappy.Hetoldhissister,hismotherandhisfather.
“Yousee,”hisfathersaid.“Youdidfindyourstamp.So,it’sgoodtohavetwothingsinlife.”
“Whatarethey?
”Victorasked.
“Friendsandpatience.”Heanswered.
1.ItwasverydifficultforVictortofindaspecialFrenchstampof_________.
A.1954 B.1974 C.1994 D.2004
2.Whoownedthespecialeditionstampattheverybeginning?
A.Phillip.B.Phillip’smother. C.Victor.D.Victor’sfather.
3.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat________is(are)importanttopeople.
A.ahappyfamily B.agoodhobbyC.relativesandfriendship D.friendsandpatience
B
WhenIfirstgotane-mailaccounttenyearsago,Ireceivedcommunicationsonlyfromfamily,friends,andcolleagues.NowitseemsthateverytimeIcheckmye-mail,Ihaveanendlessseriesofadvertisementsandothercorrespondencethatdonotinterestmeatall.Ifwewante-mailtocontinuetobeuseful,weneedspecificlawsthatmakespamming(发送垃圾邮件)acrime.
Iflawmakersdonotdosomethingsoontoprohibitspam,theproblemwillcertainlygetmuchworse.Computerprogramsallowspammerstosendhundredsofmillionsofe-mailsalmostinstantly.Asmoreandmoreadvertisersturntospamtoselltheirproducts,individuale-mailboxesareoftenfloodedwithspame-mails.Wouldpeoplecontinuetousee-mailiftheyhadtodealwithanannoyingamountofspameachtime?
Thisproblemistroublingindividualsandcompaniesaswell.Manyspame-mailscontaincomputervirusesthatcanshutdowntheentirenetworkofacompany.Companiesrelyone-mailfortheiremployeestocommunicatewitheachother.Spamfrequentlycausesfailuresintheirlocalcommunicationsnetworks,andtheiremployeesarethusunabletocommunicateeffectively.Suchasituationresultsinalossofproductivityandrequirescompaniestorepeatedlyrepairtheirnetworks.Thesecomputerproblemsraiseproductioncostsofcompanies,whichare,intheend,passedontotheconsumer.
Forthesereasons,Ibelievethatlawmakersneedtolegislate(立法)againstspare.Spammersshouldbefined,andperhapssenttoprisoniftheycontinuetodisturbpeople.E-mailisatoolwhichhelpspeopleallovertheworldtocommunicateconveniently,butspamisdestroyingthisconvenience.
4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“correspondence”intheParagraphlprobablymean?
A.messages B.ideas C.connections D.programs
5.Accordingtothetext,whatisthemajorcauseofthefloodingspam?
A.Companiesrelyone-mailforcommunications.
B.Morepeopleintheworldcommunicatebye-mail.
C.Manycomputervirusescontainspame-mail.
D.Moreadvertisersbegintopromotesalesthroughspam.
6.AccordingtoParagraph3,whoisthefinalvictimofspam?
A.Thebusiness. B.Theadvertiser. C.Theemployee. D.Theconsumer.
7.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?
A.Toinform. B.Toeducate. C.Topersuade. D.Toinstruct.
C
Tous,itseemssonaturaltoputupanumbrellatokeepthewateroffwhenitrains.Butinfacttheumbrellawasnotinventedasprotectionagainsttherain.Itsfirstusewasasashade(遮蔽)againstthesun.
Nobodyknowswhofirstinventedit,buttheumbrellawasusedinveryancienttimes.ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChinese,backintheeleventhcenturyBC.
WeknowthattheumbrellawasusedinancientEgyptandBabylonasasunshade.Andtherewasastrangethingconnectedwithitsuse:
itbecameasymbolofhonorandpower(权力).IntheFarEastinancienttimes,theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybythoseinhighofficeorbyroyalpeoplesuchasthekingsorqueens.
InEurope,theGreekswerethefirsttousetheumbrellaasasunshade.TheumbrellawasincommonuseinancientGreece,butitisbelievedthatthefirstpeopleinEuropetousetheumbrellaasprotectionagainsttherainweretheancientRomans.DuringthemiddleagesinEurope,theuseoftheumbrellaalmostdisappeared.ThenitappearedagaininItalyinthelatesixteenthcentury.Andagainitbecameasymbolofpower.
Umbrellashavenotchangedmuchinstyleduringallthistime,thoughtheyhavebecomemuchlighterinweight.Itwasn'tuntilthetwentiethcenturythattheumbrellasforwomenbegantobemadeinallkindsofcolors.
8.Ancientpeoplefirstusedumbrellasas_________.
A.asymbolofhonorB.protectionagainstthesun
C.asymbolofpowerD.protectionagainsttherain
9.Accordingtothepassage,theumbrellawasprobablyfirstusedinancient______.
A.Egypt.B.BabylonC.RomeD.China
10.TheunderlinedwordroyalmightmeaninChinese.
A.皇室的B.富裕的C.中产的D.平民的
11.Thispassageismainlyabout___________.
A.thesalesoftheumbrellaB.thedifferencesamongumbrellas
C.theinventionoftheumbrellaD.thehistoryandtheuseoftheumbrella
D
Scientistshaveannouncedthattheyhavecloned(克隆)thefirsthumanembryo(胚胎).Thishascausedmuchdebateroundtheworld.Ontheonehand,somescientistspointoutthatifyoucloneanembryo,youcanproducevaluablehumantissues(组织)——suchasboneorlungtissue——thatcouldbeusedtosavehumanlives.Ontheotherhand,manypeople,includingsomescientists,disagreeandareafraidthat,ifmankindtoyswithnatureinthisway,wemaybeonourwaytoproducingareal-lifeFrankenstein’smonster(怪物).
Cloningisproducinganexactcopyofaplantorananimalusingitscells.ThefirstmammaltobeclonedsuccessfullyfromanadultcellwasDollythesheep.Shewasbornin1996anddiedinearly2003,atamuchyoungeragethannormal.Whenshewasborn,manypeoplewereworriedthatcloningwouldleadtomorediseasesintheanimalworld.However,ingeneralthescientistswerepraisedfortheirwonderfulscientificadvance.
IanWilmut,theScottishscientistwhocreatedDolly,isshockedthatsomescientistsarenowconsideringcloninghumanbeings.Althoughheresearchescloning,hisintentionhasneverbeentocreatecopiesofhumans.Instead,hethinksresearcheffortsshouldconcentrateoncreatingnewtissuesandorgansthatcanbeusedtocurediseaseslikecancer.However,somepeoplebelievethatcloninghumansembryoswiththeintentionofdestroyingthemshowsnorespectforhumanlife.
Eventhoughhumancloningiscausingalotofanxiety,itisgoodnewsforFayeWilson,a41-year-oldsaleswomanwhocannothaveababy.“Iamanxioustohaveachildofmyown,”shesays.“Idon’twanttoadoptsomeoneelse’schild——ifIhadthechance,Iwouldhaveaclonedbabyrightnow.”
Whilecloninghumanembryosisnotlegalinmanycountries,somescientistsarealreadypushingaheadwithresearchinordertoproduceaclonedhumanbaby.SeverinoAntinori,anItalianphysician,hasdeclaredthathewantstobethefirsttocloneahumanbeing.
InChina,scientistshavefocusedtheireffortsoncloninganimals,aswellasclonedtissuestobeusedinmedicaltreatment.Chinahassucceededinproducingclonesofcowsandgoats,andcontinuestoresearchwaysinwhichcloningcanbenefitmankind.
12.Paragraph1ismainlyabout_________.
A.differentviewsoncloninghumanembryos
B.thebenefitsofcloninghumanembryos
C.thedisadvantagesofcloninghumanembryos
D.alivedebateonhumanembryos
13.Dollythesheep_________.
A.livedaslongasnormalsheep
B.wasthefirstsuccessfulcloninginhumanhistory
C.causedabigproblemtothescientistwhoclonedit
D.provedtobeawonderfulscientificadvance
14.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_________.
A.cloninghumanembryosislegalinmanycountries
B.Chinahassucceededincloninghumanembryo
C.thefirsthumanbeingwasclonedbySeverinoAninori
D.humancloningisgoodnewsforthosewhocan’thavebabies
15.What’sthewriter’sopiniontowardscloning?
A.positiveB.negativeC.unconcernedD.neutral(中立的)
第二节七选五(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Foodsafetyisaprobleminallplacesaroundtheworldandpeopleindifferentareasoftheworldpreparefoodsindifferentways.TheWHOreleased(发布)fivesimplerulesforpreparingfoodinasafeway.Theycalltheserulesthe“FiveKeystoSaferFood”.
Key1:
Keepclean
16.Peopleshouldwashtheirhandsoften—beforetouchingfoodandwhiletheyarepreparingfood.Peopleshouldwashallsurfacesandequipmentusedforpreparingfood.
Key2:
Separateraw(生的)andcooked
Rawfoodsshouldnottouchpreparedfoods.17.
Key3:
18
Peopleshouldcookeggsandmeatespeciallycarefully.Thesefoodsmaycarrymoremicro-organisms(微生