新高考届高考英语小题必练13阅读理解之细节理解题Word文件下载.docx

新高考届高考英语小题必练13阅读理解之细节理解题Word文件下载.docx

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B.AbookbyCorinneSzabo.

C.AspecialT-shirt.

D.AphotoofAmeliaEarhart.

【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。

根据50HonorableMentions这一段“Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'

sfinalflight”，由此可知，纪念奖是送的T恤，故选C。

【点拨】第一步：

依据题干信息，选择定位关键词

细节理解题直接信息题一般是对文章局部内容的考查，且题目相对简单，所以，不必通篇细读全文，可先通过题干信息来选择定位关键词。

关键词主要是题干中的名词，动词和数词，即问题的核心信息。

第二步：

依据关键词，回原文定位信息进行比对

确定了定位关键词后，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与题干有关的关键词，回到原文进行信息定位，然后将选项内容与原文信息比对，得出正确答案。

2.间接信息题

某某卷B篇节选）

Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed（牺牲）toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.“Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,”shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily—andthat’sprettypowerful.

WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?

　A.Herhealth.B.Hertimewithfamily.

　C.Herreputation.D.Herchanceofpromotion.

【答案】B

根据“Jennifersacrificed（牺牲）toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.”，可知，主人公为了学业，不能陪伴孩子，故选B。

【点拨】间接信息题相比直接信息题，命题的隐蔽性更强，正确选项一般都会在原文基础上进行改造。

此类题目需要考生将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，有时还需要进一步的加工或整理。

3.数字计算题

3GrandPrizes:

TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner’schoice.Tripincludesround-tripairtickets,hotelstayfortwonights,andtoursoftheNationalAirandSpaceMuseumandtheofficeofNationalGeographicWorld.

Howmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetrip?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Six.

【答案】A

根据3GrandPrizes中第一句“TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner'

schoice.”可知，旅行可以携带两个人，故选A。

【点拨】数字计算题要求考生在原文中找到有关的数字信息，再对相关的信息和数字进行分析和理解，利用加、减、乘、除等运算方法进行计算，确定答案。

A

Essaypetition

Theaimofthiscontestistoencouragegreatstudentwritersandtogivethemaleg-upintheirstudies.

Prizes

OneGrandPrizewinnerwillreceive:

$1,000incash;

theessaypublishedinourmagazine’sMay2021issue;

aninterviewwithourmagazine’sauthor.

TenFirstPlacewinnerswillreceive:

$500incash;

theirnamesandessaytitleslistedinourmagazine'

sMay2021issue.

FiftyHonorableMentionwinnerswillreceive:

a$50giftcardtoouronlineshop.

Requirements

*Thelengthoftheessayshouldbebetween500-700words.

*Writeanessayonthetopicof:

HowFoodAffectsOurMood.

*Pleasewriteaboutthreereasonsforbelievinginyourthesis（论点）statementintheformofbodyparagraphsandbackupyourreasonswithpracticalevidencefromrespectedsources.

*Donotwriteaboutyourselfanddon’texplainwhyyoudeservetowintheprizes.

Deadlines

Early-BirdDeadline:

May4,2020--Freefortheentry.

Deadline:

June5,2020--$5fortheentry.

ExtendedDeadline:

July22，2020--$10fortheentry.

1.WhatwillOneGrandPrizewinnersberewardedwith?

A.Receiving$1500incash.

B.Havingtheiressaytitleslistedinthemagazine.

C.Receivingagiftcardtotheparticularonlineshop.

D.Gaininganopportunitytomeetthemagazine'

sauthor.

【答案】D

根据“aninterviewwithourmagazine’sauthor”可知，特等奖将有和杂志主编见面的机会。

故选D。

2.Whichofthefollowingmeetstherequirements?

A.Writinganessayofmorethan800words.

B.Submittinganessayaboutfoodnutrition.

C.Expressingyourstrongdesiretogettheaward.

D.Supportingyourreasonswithcredibleevidence.

答案定位到“Requirements”部分,“Pleasewriteaboutthreereasonsforbelievinginyourthesis（论点）statementintheformofbodyparagraphsandbackupyourreasonswithpracticalevidencefromrespectedsources.”请在文章主体部分，写出3个论据来支撑你的论点，论据要从可信度高的资料中获得，要是实用的证据。

3.Whencanyousubmityouressayforfree?

A.June4,2020.B.May25,2020.C.March4,2020.D.July25,2020.

答案定位到“Deadlines”部分，“Early-BirdDeadline:

May4,2020--Freefortheentry.”可知20202年5月4日以前是免费的，故选C。

B

When17-year-oldWolfCukieracceptedaninternship（实习）atNASA'

sGoddardSpaceFlightCenter,heexpectedtobechallengedandgaininsightsintopursuingacareerinphysics.Instead,thehighschooljuniorattainedworldwidefameforanachievement—findinganewplanet!

Theteenagerwastaskedwithexaminingimagesofthechangesinstarbrightnessinsearchofevidenceofplanetsoutsideoursolarsystem.“Iwasprettymuchspendingmysummerlookingatdataandimagesonaputerscreen,”Cukiersaid.“Aboutthreedaysintomyinternship,IsawasignalfromasystemcalledTOI1338.Atfirst,Ithoughtitwasastareclipse（遮光）butthetimingwaswrong.Itturnedouttobeaplanet.”

Anditwasnoordinaryplaneteither.FurtherresearchbyCukierandateamofscientistsfromGoddardrevealedthatTOI1338b,asitisnowcalled,isarareplanet—aworldorbitingtwostars.Cukier,afanofStarWars,paresittoTatooineinthemovie.“It'

sverymuchlikeTatooine,atleasthowthestarswouldappearinthesky.So,itwouldalsohaveadoublesunset.”Theresearchers,whoshowedtheirfindingsonJanuary6,2020,believethatTOI1338bisabout6.9timeslargerthantheearth.ItisalsotheonlyplanetintheTOI1338system,whichlies1,300light-yearsawayfromtheearth.TheexpertsstatethatTOI1338b'

stwostars,whichorbiteachotherevery15days,varyinsize.

Talkingabouthisdiscovery,Cukiersaysitwasbothluckand“puttinginthehardwork”thatledtohisdiscovery.“Yes,whatIdidisimpressive,butitalsodidn'

ttakethatmanyspecialskills.So,ifsomeoneisinterestedinscience,likemyage,andeveniftheydon'

thavetraining,theyshouldstilljustreachouttoresearchersandfindsomethingthattheycandobecausealmostanyonecanlookthroughdata.Itjusthappenedtobeme,whosawthisone.”

Asforhisfuture,Cukierplanstostudyeitherphysicsorastrophysicsincollege.HehopestoattendStanford,PrincetonorMITnextautumn.

语篇解读：

本文是新闻报道。

文章通过介绍一位美国高中生在NASA实习时，通过查看数据与图像，发现一颗特殊的行星，这颗行星同时围绕两颗恒星旋转。

高中生还幽默地将这颗行星与电影中的行星做比较。

最后，高中生表达了对天文学的热爱和今后的职业规划。

主题贴近学生生活，对学生有教育意义。

4.HowdidWolfCukierfeelwhenhefirstsawthesignalfromTOI1338b?

A.Hewasoverjoyed.

B.Hewaspuzzled.

C.Hewasworried.

D.Hewasuninterested.

把题干中的“HowdidWolfCukierfeel”与第一、二段的内容进行匹配；

从第二段中的“Aboutthreedaysintomyinternship,IsawasignalfromasystemcalledTOI1338.Atfirst,Ithoughtitwasastareclipsebutthetimingwaswrong.Itturnedouttobeaplanet.”可知，开始主人公以为是恒星的遮光，但与时间又不符。

这说明WolfCukier在刚看到图像信息时是困惑的。

故选B。

5.WhatisspecialaboutTOI1338b?

A.ItwasfoundbyNASAscientists.

B.Itcirclesaroundtwostars.

C.ItresemblesTatooineinthesolarsystem.

D.Itisabout6.9timeslargerthantheearth.

排除选项A，文本第一段表明是一位高中生在NASA实习时最早洞察到新行星的，而不是美国航天局的科学家；

选择选项B，文本第三段中的“arareplanet—aworldorbitingtwostars”说明其特别之处；

排除选项C，文本第二段中的“examiningimagesofthechangesinstarbrightnessinsearchofevidenceofplanetsoutsideoursolarsystem”，说明新行星不属于太阳系；

排除选项D，文本第三段中提到了行星的大小，但不是其特别之处。

6.WhatdoesWolfCukierthinkleadstohisdiscovery?

A.Hisaffectionforstarwarsmovies.

B.HavinganinternshipatNASA.

C.Hisluckanddevotion.

D.Hisspecialskillsandtraining.

由第四段中的“Cukiersaysitwasbothluckand‘puttinginthehardwork’thatledtohisdiscovery”可知C项正确。

故选C。

7.Wheredoesthetextprobablyefrom?

A.Amoviereview.

B.Aphysicspaper.

C.Asciencefiction.

D.Anewspaperreport.

【解析】推理判断题。

通读本短文内容可知，这是一篇“新闻报道”。

A选项为“电影影评”，排除；

B选项为“物理学论文”，排除；

C选项为“科幻小说”，排除。

C

Decidingtogethermoney’sworthoutoftheweddingdressonwhichshespentover$1,000,anAustralianwomanhasbeenwearingherweddingdress,ayearafterherwedding.

43-year-oldTammyHalladoptedanewlifestyle-anti-consumerism（反消费主义）lifestylein2016,afteratriptoIndiaopenedhereyestohowmuchweasasocietyconsumed.ShedecidednottobuyanynewclothesorfootwearforawholeyearaftershereturnedhometoAdelaide,inSouthernAustralia,andshemanagedtomakeit.

Butlastyear,asherweddingdayapproached,shefacedadilemma.Shewantedtolookgoodonthemostimportantdayofherlife,buthowcouldshespendasmallfortuneontheweddingdressshewouldonlywearonthatday?

"

IntheendIdecidedthatifIwasgoingtogetaweddingdress,I'

dmakesureIcouldgetmymoney'

sworth,"

HalltellsPARealLife.

ThefirsttimeIworeitaftertheweddingwastovoteintheAustralianelectioninearly2019,"

the43-year-oldadds."

Sincethen,it'

sbeentoallsortsofplaces.Wearingitonacrowdedtrainwasespeciallyfunny,butI'

vewornittodohousework,tofootballgamesandtothegym."

Hallsaysthatshehasgottensomestrangelooksfrompeople,butnoirritating（令人愤怒的）ments.Itmayhavesomethingtodowiththefactthatthedressisnotthefanciest,butshebelievespeoplearejusttooreservedtosayanything.Anyway,shedoesn'

treallycare,becausesheknowsshehastohitthegoalshehassetandwearingthedressmultipletimesisthemostreasonablewayshecouldthinkoftomakethemostofherweddingdress.

Hallnowplanstowearherweddingdressonatri