春北师大版高中英语必修三练习第七单元过关检测文档格式.docx

春北师大版高中英语必修三练习第七单元过关检测文档格式.docx

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ThousandsofsharksarehuntedinAsiaforspecialfoods,suchassharkfinsoup.Andmanyothersgetcaughtinnets,whilefishermenarehuntingotherfish.Morethanhalfofallsharksaresmallerthanonemetrelong.

“Somefishingmethodsareactuallycleaningouttheocean,”saidDaveSchofield,themanageroftheaquarium’soceanhealthprogram.“Thefishermenthrewthemawaylikerubbish.”

Itisaworryingsituationandsomeareashavetakenmeasuresinplacetoprotectthesespeciesoffish.

1.Themainpurposeofthesharkexhibitionisto　　　. 

A.showhowsharksarebornanddevelopintheocean

B.letpeopleknowmoreaboutsharksandprotectthem

C.letchildrenlearnnottofearsharksfromanearlyage

D.showhowsharkspecieshavefalleninthepastfewyears

答案:

B

提示:

推理判断题。

从文章的第二段和第四段可以推出答案。

2.Inthelastparagraphbutone,theunderlinedword“them”refersto　　　. 

A.smallsharks　　　　B.fishingboats

C.fishingnetsD.fishingmethods

词义推断题。

从倒数第三段的“Morethanhalfofallsharksaresmallerthanonemetrelong.”和倒数第二段的“Somefishingmethodsareactuallycleaningouttheocean,”saidDaveSchofield,themanageroftheaquarium’soceanhealthprogram.“Thefishermenthrewthemawaylikerubbish.”可以得知答案。

3.WhatdoesDaveSchofieldmeanbysaying“Somefishingmethodsareactuallycleaningouttheocean”?

A.Largesharkscannotbecaughtbysomefishingmethods.

B.Onlysmallsharkscanbecaughtbysomefishingmethods.

C.Theoceanisbeingmadecleanerbysomefishingmethods.

D.Toomanysharksarebeingkilledbysomefishingmethods.

D

从后三段可以看出:

渔民使用的猎捕方法,使得无论大小的猎物他们都能捕获出,这种情况让人担忧。

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthewriteris　　　. 

A.surprisedtoknowsharksalwayshurtpeople

B.happytoknowsharksareharmlesstopeople

C.worriedaboutthepresentsituationofsharkspecies

D.pleasedtoknowtheoceanisbecomingmuchcleaner

C

从短文最后一段“Itisaworryingsituationandsomeareashavetakenmeasuresinplacetoprotectthesespeciesoffish.”可以推测出答案。

（2016江苏,C）

ElNiñ

o,aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild,”wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermenwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern,whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears,reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNiñ

oseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.

Theweathereffects,bothgoodandbad,arefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNiñ

os,onbalance,thantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongNiñ

oin1997-98helpedAmerica’seconomygrowby$15billion,partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvests:

farmersintheMidwestgainedfromextrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalincomesinrichcountriesisgreaterthanthefallinpoorones.

ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinflames.Amulti-yeardrought（干旱）insouth-eastBrazilisbecomingworse.ThoughheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNiñ

omayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia,theyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.

ThemostrecentpowerfulNiñ

o,in1997-98,killedaround21,000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNiñ

oscomewithmonthsofwarning,andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanprepare.AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute（ODI）,however,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonrisk-reductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.

Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure（基础设施）canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers（下水道）makeitlesslikelythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafterfloods.Accordingtoapaperin2011byMrHsiangandco-authors,civilconflictisrelatedtoElNiñ

o’sharmfuleffects—andthepoorerthecountry,thestrongerthelink.Thoughtherelationshipmaynotbecausal,helpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundingpeople.SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNiñ

o,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.

【语篇导读】本文共420词,是一篇说明文。

厄尔尼诺一词源自西班牙文ElNiñ

o,原意是“小男孩”或“小女孩”,也指圣婴,用来表示在赤道太平洋东部和中部海域海水出现异常增暖的现象。

厄尔尼诺现象所造成的影响是多方面的:

既有捕鱼量下降、洪水泛滥、森林大火、严重干旱、冲突与战争等灾害性影响,又有部分富裕国家农业增收,经济增长等利好影响。

文章同时指出,厄尔尼诺现象是可以预测的,政府可以采取针对性措施做好灾害的预防工作。

5.WhatcanwelearnaboutElNiñ

oinParagraph1?

A.ItisnamedafteraSouthAmericanfisherman.

B.Ittakesplacealmosteveryyearallovertheworld.

C.ItforcesfishermentostopcatchingfisharoundChristmas.

D.Itseesthechangesofwaterflowdirectionintheocean.

细节理解题。

第一段概括说明了厄尔尼诺现象名字的来源,发生的时间、地点、现象的成因等内容。

A项错在...isnamedafterafisherman这一说法,原文是“...wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermen”;

B项错在almosteveryyear,原文为everytwotosevenyears;

C项错在stop一词,原文的内容是reducedtheamountoffishescaught,并非停止捕鱼。

D项可以从原文中“backeastwards”和“normallyblowwestwards”等关键词归纳出“thechangesofwaterflowdirection”这一结论。

6.WhatmayElNiñ

osbringabouttothecountriesaffected?

A.Agriculturalharvestsinrichcountriesfall.

B.Droughtsbecomemoreharmfulthanfloods.

C.Richcountries’gainsaregreaterthantheirlosses.

D.Poorcountriessufferlessfromdroughtseconomically.

根据文章第二段中“Richcountriesgainmore...”排除A项,错误点出在fall一词;

B项的说法没有根据,文章中并没有做出对比;

D项错在less一词,从文章第二段和第三段的说明可知,一些贫困的国家,如印度尼西亚,遭受到严重的干旱,影响了国家的经济发展。

C项的题源句为第二段中“RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNiñ

os,onbalance,thantheylose.”,句意为“总的来说,富裕国家得大于失。

”

7.ThedataprovidedbyODIinParagraph4suggestthat　　　. 

A.moreinvestmentshouldgotoriskreduction

B.governmentsofpoorcountriesneedmoreaid

C.victimsofElNiñ

odeservemorecompensation

D.recoveryandreconstructionshouldcomefirst

题源句为:

AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute（ODI）,however,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.句意为:

然而根据海外研究所提供的数字,在过去的20年里,相比于灾后恢复和重建,只有12%的赈灾资金用于事先的减灾预防。

just的内涵意义是“言其少”,因此选择A项。

B、C项文章没有提及,D项弄反了作者的观点。

8.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A.TointroduceElNiñ

oanditsorigin.

B.ToexplaintheconsequencesofElNiñ

o.

C.ToshowwaysoffightingagainstElNiñ

D.TourgepeopletoprepareforElNiñ

作者意图题。

作者首先简要介绍了厄尔尼诺现象,列举了其危害性,进而引出作者写作的真实意图:

厄尔尼诺现象是可预报、可预防的,因此政府部门以及有关人员应该积极行动起来做好灾害的防范工作。

A、B、C三项都属于以偏概全,以事实细节代替写作目的。

Haveyouevertakenatestthatyouthoughtyoucouldhavepassedeasily,onlytomakesomesillymistakesthatreallyhurtyourgrade?

Morethanafewstudentshavedonethat.Andsomeseemtodoitoverandoveragain.

Thereareseveralproblemareasthatcancausestudentstogoofupordopoorlyinatestthattheycouldhavepassed. 

Somestudentscanbecomeoverconfidentintheirknowledgeofthesubjectmatter.Theythinktheyknowthematerialbetterthantheyactuallydo.Itiseasyforstudentstomisjudgetheirownknowledge,andwhentheyrealisethattheydon’tknowthematerial,itistoolate.

Whathappensmoreoften,though,isthatsomestudentsfeelthattheyaresmartenoughtobeabletoguesstheirwaythroughatest.Sotheydon’tbotherstudyingthematerial.Theyareoverconfidentintheirabilitytounderstandthings.

Ineithercase,overconfidencecanresultinlowergradesintests.Doesthisapplytoyou?

Anotherthingthatcanhappenisthatstudentsunderestimatethedifficultyofthetest.Theyexpectaneasytest,buttheteacherthrowsinarealtoughtestthattheyhaven’tpreparedfor.Sometimestheteachermaycovermaterialinthetestthatstudentsweren’texpecting.Thatcanhappen,especiallyiftheyweren’tpayingattentioninclass.

Finally,therearestudentswhodon’tfeelthatgettingagoodgradeisimportanttothem,sotheydon’tbothertostudyoreventrytodowell.Suchstudentsmaybetryingtopunishtheirparents,haveapoorimageofthemselves,orarejustplainfoolish.Hopefully,youarenotoneofthesestudents.

9.Thewriterbelievesthatmanystudents　　　. 

A.areafraidofexamsB.makecarelessmistakes

C.hatehomeworkD.lackconfidence

根据第一段的第一句话可知答案。

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“goofup”mean?

A.Beoverconfident.

B.Benervous.

C.Makesillymistakes.

D.Makewrongchoices.

此段承接