中国自主贡献英文碳减排Word格式文档下载.docx

中国自主贡献英文碳减排Word格式文档下载.docx

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ENHANCEDACTIONSONCLIMATECHANGE:

CHINA’SINTENDEDNATIONALLYDETERMINEDCONTRIBUTIONS

Climatechangeistoday’scommonchallengefacedbyallhumanity.HumanactivitiessincetheIndustrialRevolution,especiallytheaccumulatedcarbondioxideemissionsfromtheintensivefossilfuelsconsumptionofdevelopedcountries,haveresultedinsignificantlyincreasingtheatmosphericconcentrationofgreenhousegases,exacerbatedclimatechangeprimarilycharacterizedbyglobalwarming.Climatechangehassignificantimpactsonglobalnaturalecosystems,causingtemperatureincreaseandsealevelriseaswellasmorefrequentextremeclimateevents,allofwhichposeahugechallengetothesurvivalanddevelopmentofthehumanrace.

Climatechangeisaglobalissuethatrequiresthecollaborationoftheinternationalcommunity.Foryears,inaccordancewiththeprinciplesofequityandcommonbutdifferentiatedresponsibilitiesandrespectivecapabilities,thePartiestotheUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChange（hereinafterreferredtoastheConvention）havebeenworkingtoenhancecooperationandachievedpositiveprogressintheimplementationoftheConvention.Tofurtherenhancethefull,effectiveandsustainedimplementationoftheConvention,negotiationsandconsultationsarenowunderwayonenhancedactionsbeyond2020,soastoreachanagreementattheConferenceofthePartiestotheConventioninParisattheendof2015.Thiswillopenupanewprospectforgreenandlow-carbondevelopmentacrosstheglobeandpromotesustainabledevelopmentworldwide.

Asadevelopingcountrywithapopulationofmorethan1.3billion,Chinaisamongthosecountriesthataremostseverelyaffectedbytheadverseimpactsofclimatechange.Chinaiscurrentlyintheprocessofrapidindustrializationandurbanization,confrontingwithmultiplechallengesincludingeconomicdevelopment,povertyeradication,improvementoflivingstandards,environmentalprotectionandcombatingclimatechange.Toactonclimatechangeintermsofmitigatinggreenhousegasemissionsandenhancingclimateresilience,isnotonlydrivenbyChina’sdomesticneedsforsustainabledevelopmentinensuringitseconomicsecurity,energysecurity,ecologicalsecurity,foodsecurityaswellasthesafetyofpeople’slifeandpropertyandtoachievesustainabledevelopment,butalsodrivenbyitssenseofresponsibilitytofullyengageinglobalgovernance,toforgeacommunityofshareddestinyforhumankindandtopromotecommondevelopmentforallhumanbeings.

InaccordancewithrelevantdecisionsoftheConferenceofthePartiestotheConvention,ChinaherebypresentsitsenhancedactionsandmeasuresonclimatechangeasitsnationallydeterminedcontributionstowardsachievingtheobjectivesetoutinArticle2oftheConvention,whichrepresentitsutmosteffortsinaddressingclimatechange,andcontributesitsviewsonthe2015agreementnegotiationswithaviewtomakingtheParisConferenceagreatsuccess.

I.ENHANCEDACTIONSONCLIMATECHANGE

Chinaattachesgreatimportancetoaddressingclimatechangesincelong,makingitasignificantnationalstrategyforitssocialandeconomicdevelopmentandpromotinggreenandlow-carbondevelopmentasimportantcomponentoftheecologicalcivilizationprocess.Ithasalreadytakenaseriesofclimateactionswhichrepresentasignificantcontributiontocombatingtheglobalclimatechange.In2009,Chinaannouncedinternationallythatby2020itwilllowercarbondioxideemissionsperunitofGDPby40%to45%fromthe2005level,increasetheshareofnon-fossilfuelsinprimaryenergyconsumptiontoabout15%andincreasetheforestedareaby40millionhectaresandtheforeststockvolumeby1.3billioncubicmeterscomparedtothe2005levels.Inthisconnection,ChinahasenactedandimplementedtheNationalProgramonClimateChange,theWorkPlanforControllingGreenhouseGasEmissionsduringthe12thFive-YearPlanPeriod,theComprehensiveWorkPlanforEnergyConservationandEmissionReductionforthe12thFiveYearPlanPeriod,the12thFiveYearPlanforEnergyConservationandEmissionReduction,the2014-2015ActionPlanforEnergyConservation,EmissionReductionandLow-CarbonDevelopment,andtheNationalPlanonClimateChange（2014-2020）.Chinahasacceleratedtheadjustmentofitsindustryandenergystructuresandinvestedgreateffortsinimprovingenergyefficiency,loweringcarbonemissionsandenhancingtheecosystem.Chinahasinitiatedcarbonemissiontradingpilotsin7provincesandcitiesandlow-carbondevelopmentpilotsin42provincesandcitiestoexploreanewmodeoflow-carbondevelopmentconsistentwithitsprevailingnationalcircumstances.By2014thefollowinghasbeenachieved:

•CarbondioxideemissionsperunitofGDPis33.8%lowerthanthe2005level;

•Theshareofnon-fossilfuelsinprimaryenergyconsumptionis11.2%;

•Theforestedareaandforeststockvolumeareincreasedrespectivelyby21.6millionhectaresand2.188billioncubicmeterscomparedtothe2005levels;

•Theinstalledcapacityofhydropoweris300gigawatts（2.57timesofthatfor2005）;

•Theinstalledcapacityofon-gridwindpoweris95.81gigawatts（90timesofthatfor2005）;

•Theinstalledcapacityofsolarpoweris28.05gigawatts（400timesofthatfor2005）;

and

•Theinstalledcapacityofnuclearpoweris19.88gigawatts（2.9timesofthatfor2005）.

ChinaisacceleratingtheimplementationoftheNationalStrategyforClimateAdaptation,andimprovingitscapacitytorespondtoextremeclimaticeventsandmakingpositiveprogressinkeyareasofclimatechangeadaptation.Capacitybuildingoncombatingclimatechangeisfurtherstrengthened.SupportsintermsofscienceandtechnologyarefurtherenhancedbyimplementingChina’sScienceandTechnologyActionsonClimateChange.

Lookingintothefuture,Chinahasdefinedasitsstrategicgoalstocompletetheconstructionofamoderatelyprosperoussocietyinanall-roundwayby2020andtocreateaprosperous,strong,democratic,culturallydevelopedandharmoniousmodernsocialistcountrybythemiddleofthiscentury.Ithasidentifiedtransformingtheeconomicdevelopmentpattern,constructingecologicalcivilizationandholdingtoagreen,low-carbonandrecycleddevelopmentpathasitspolicyorientation.Newindustrialization,urbanization,informatization,agriculturalmodernizationandgreenisationwillbepromotedinacoordinatedmanner.Resourceconservationandenvironmentalprotectionhavebecomethecardinalnationalpolicy,placingmitigationandadaptationonequalfooting,promotinginnovationinscienceandtechnologyandputtinginplacethenecessarymanagementandregulatorymechanismsandsystems.Chinawillacceleratethetransformationofenergyproductionandconsumptionandcontinuetorestructureitseconomy,optimizetheenergymix,improveenergyefficiencyandincreaseitsforestcarbonsinks,withaviewtoefficientlymitigatinggreenhousegasemissions.Chinaismakingeffortstoembarkonasustainabledevelopmentpaththatisinlinewithitsnationalcircumstancesandleadstomultiplewinsintermsofeconomicdevelopment,socialprogressandcombatingclimatechange.

Basedonitsnationalcircumstances,developmentstage,sustainabledevelopmentstrategyandinternationalresponsibility,Chinahasnationallydetermineditsactionsby2030asfollows:

•Toachievethepeakingofcarbondioxideemissionsaround2030andmakingbesteffortstopeakearly;

•TolowercarbondioxideemissionsperunitofGDPby60%to65%fromthe2005level;

•Toincreasetheshareofnon-fossilfuelsinprimaryenergyconsumptiontoaround20%;

and

•Toincreasetheforeststockvolumebyaround4.5billioncubicmetersonthe2005level.

Moreover,Chinawillcontinuetoproactivelyadapttoclimatechangebyenhancingmechanismsandcapacitiestoeffectivelydefendagainstclimatechangerisksinkeyareassuchasagriculture,forestryandwaterresources,aswellasincities,coastalandecologicallyvulnerableareasandtoprogressivelystrengthenearlywarningandemergencyresponsesystemsanddisasterpreventionandreductionmechanisms.

II.PoliciesandMeasurestoimplementenhancedactionsonClimateChange

Aone-thousand-milejourneystartsfromthefirststep.Toachievethenationallydeterminedactionobjectivesonclimatechangeby2030,Chinaneeds,buildingonactionsalreadytaken,tomakeasustainedeffortinfurtherimplementingenhancedpoliciesandmeasuresinareassuchasregimebuilding,productionmodeandconsumptionpattern,economicpolicy,scienceandtechnologyinnovationandinternationalcooperation.

A.ImplementingProactiveNationalStrategiesonClimateChange

•Tostrengthenlawsandregulationsonclimatechange;

•Tointegrateclimate-change-relatedobjectivesintothenationaleconomicandsocialdevelopmentplans;

•ToformulateChina’slong-termstrategyandroadmapforlow-carbondevelopment;

•ToimplementtheNationalProgramonClimateChange（2014-2020）andprovincialclimateprograms;

•Toimprovetheoveralladministrationofclimate-change-relatedworkandtomakecarbon-emission-relatedindicatorsplayguidingrole,bysubdividingandimplementingclimatechangetargetsandtasks,andimprovingtheperformanceevaluationandaccountabilitysystemonclimatechangeandlow-carbondevelopmenttargets.

B.ImprovingRegionalStrategiesonClimateChange

•Toimplementregionalizedclimatechangepoliciestohelpidentifydifferentiatedtargets,tasksandapproachesofclimatechangemitigationandadaptationfordifferentdevelopment-planningzones;

•TostrictlycontrolgreenhousegasemissionsinUrbanizedZonesforOptimizedDevelopment;