数控专业英语教案Word下载.docx
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三、教学方法:
讲授
四、教学重点:
金属成型的5种方法
五、教学难点:
车削和镗削
六、使用教具:
七、课后作业:
Translation
八、课后小结:
Newwords:
1.variety[və°
raiəti]n.种类,变化,多样化
2.unlimited[ʌn°
limitid]adj.无限的
3.bench[bent]n.工作台
4.house[haus]v.安装,容纳
5.solid[°
sɔlid]adj.坚固的,固体的,实心的 n.固体,实体
6.slot[slɔt]n.缝,槽,狭槽 v.开槽
7.slottingmachine插床
8.slotter[°
slɔtə]n.插床,铣槽机
9.straight[streit]adj.直的,整齐的
10.circle[°
səːkl]v.,n.环绕,旋转,圆圈
Tranlations:
Machinetoolsaremadeinagreatmanytypesandsizes.Thevarietyofmachinetoolstodayisalmostunlimited.Somearesmallenoughtobemountedonabench.Othersaresolargethattheyrequirespecialbuildingtohousethem.[1]Somearerathersimple,whileothersareverycomplicatedinconstructionandtheircontrols.
Largeorsmall,simpleorcomplicated,machinetoolscanbecategorizedintofivemajorclassifications,identifiedasthefivebasictechniquesofshapingmetal.
(1)Drilling.Drillingistheoperationofproducingholesinsolidmetal.Arotatingdrillcalledatwistdrillisused.Machinetoolsfordrillingholesarecalleddrillingmachines.Therearemanytypesandsizesofdrillingmachines.Thesemachinescanperformotheroperationsbesidesdrilling.Theworkpieceisheldstationary,thatis,clampedinposition,andasthedrillrotates,itisfedintotheworkpiece[2](Fig.1-1).
(2)TurningandBoring.Theenginelatheisthemostcommontypeofmachinetoolforturningwork.Turningistheoperationofcuttingorremovingmetalfromawokpiece.Acuttingtoolisfedintooralongtheworkwhiletheworkpiecerevolves(Fig.1-2).
Boringistheoperationofenlargingormachiningaholethathasbeendrilledorcastintothemetal.Boringinalatheisdonebyfeedingasingle-pointcuttingtoolintotheworkasitrevolves[3](Fig.1-3).
(3)Milling.Millingistheoperationofremovingmetalbymeansofarotatingcuttingtool,whichhasmultiplecuttingedgesandiscalledamillingcutter(Fig.1-4).
(4)Grinding.Grindingistheoperationofcuttingorremovingmetalbymeansofanabrasivewheelcalledagrindingwheel.Grindingfinishesworkveryaccuratelyandsmoothly.Whengrindingroundwork,theworkpiecerevolvesasitisfedagainsttheturningwheel.Whengrindingflatwork,theworkpieceispassedbackandforthundertheturningwheel(Fig.1-5).Thegrindingprocessisoftenusedforthefinalfinishingtoclosedimensionsofapartthathasbeenheat-treatedtomakeitveryhard.
(5)Shaping,PlaningandSlotting.Theseoperationsaredonetoproduceormachineflat,accuratesurfaceusingsingle-pointcuttingtools.Weshouldunderstandthedifferencebetweentheshaper,theplanerandtheslottingmachines.Onashaper,thecuttingtoolmovesbackandforthovertheworkwhiletheworkisfedagainstthecuttingtool(Fig.1-6).
Onaplaner,theworkmovesbackandforthunderthecuttingtoolwhilethecuttingtoolisfedintooragainsttheworkpiece(Fig.1-7).
SlottingisanOperationsimilartotheoperationperformedonashaper.Aslottingmachineisreallyaverticalshaper,thecuttingtoolofwhichmovesupanddown.[4]Inthiscase,theworkisfedagainstthecuttingtoolinastraightlineorinacircle,dependinguponthetypeofworkbeingmachined.⑤Slotter,orverticalshaper,areusedprincipallytoc
课题二
LESSON2TheMachineControlComputer
让同学们了解和掌握工控机的结构与功能
工控机的结构与功能
工控机的结构与功能
●Newwords
1.execution[̩eksi°
kjuːʃən]n.实行,完成,执行,制作
2.hence[hens]adv.因此,从此
3.alter[°
ɔːltə]v.改变
4.load[ləud]n.负载,加载 vt.装载,使
5.controller[kən°
trəulə]n.控制器
6.hardware[°
h
ːdwɛə]n.(电脑的)硬件7.software[°
sɔftwɛə]]n.软件
8.monitor[°
mɔnitə]n.显示器,监视器 v.监控
9.generaltermn.总括,通称,统称
10.processor[°
prəusesə]n.处理机,处理器
11.volatilememory非永久性存储器,易失存储器
12.switch[swit]n.开关,转换 vt.转换
13.RAM(randomaccessmemory)n.[计]随机(存取)存储器
14.battery[°
bæ
təri]n.电池
15.ROM(ReadOnlyMemory)[rɔm]n.只读存储器
Translations
Thecomputeronnumericallycontrolledmachinescontrolstheprogramexecution,hencethiscomputerisknownasthemachinecontrolcomputerorcontroller(Fig.2-1).Thiscomputerperformstaskssimilartoapersonalcomputer,suchasloadingtheprogram,searchingthroughtheprogram,alteringanddeletinginformation,andexecutingtheprogram(programrun).[1]
Fig.2-1 ACNCverticalmachiningcenterequippedwithamoderncontrolthatutilizes32-bitlogicforon-screenprogramming,foreground/backgroundoperations,maintenanceandstandardfunctionsforprogramediting,andprogramexecution.
Themachinecontrolcomputerconsistsoftwomaincomponents:
hardware,whichisanyphysicalcomponentinacomputersystem,suchastheprocessor,monitor,memory,andinput/outputdevices;
andsoftware,whichisageneraltermforprogramsstoredinthememoryinelectronicform.[2]
TheCNCprogramsarestoredincomputermemory,whichalsoholdsthesoftwareneededtorunthecontrolcompute.Tochangeandalterdata,theprogrammerandtheoperatorneedtowriteintoandreadfrommemory.ThemainmemoryofacomputerisRAM(RandomAccessMemory).RAMisvolatilememory,theprogrammerandthe
operatorcaneasilychangethecontentofthismemorybywritingovertheoldprogramsandreplacingthemwithnewones.[3]OnaCNCmachinecontrolcomputer,thisiswheretheprogrammerandtheoperatorstoretheCNCprogramsandreadandwriteastheylike.Whenthepowertothemachineisturnedoff,thecontentofthismemoryislost.Tosavedatainmemorywhenthemachineisturnedoff,themachineusesits
batteries.Themachineswitchestobatteriesautomatically.Whenthebatteriesweaken,alightonthecontrolpanellightsup,warningtheoperatortochangethebatteries.Thisshouldbedonewithinamonth,orthedatastoredinRAMwillbelostpermanently.[4]
BesidesRAM,thecomputerhasROM(ReadOnlyMemory).Thismemoryallowsreadingfromit,butwritingtoitisnotnormallypossible.ThecomputermusthaveROMinordertostoresomeimportantinformation,whichissystem,notuser,related.SincetheusercannotwriteintoROM,heorshecannotchangeitscontent.ThecontentofROMdoesnotchangewhenthepoweristurnedoff.VariousCNCsoftware(suchascannedcycles)isstoredinthismemoryforpermanentuse.
课题三
LESSON3TheEvolutionofCNC
为了让学生了解计算机数字控制的发展趋势
计算机数字控制
计算机数字控制
1.allocate[°
æ
ləukeit]v.分配,配给
2.consistof由……组成
3.conjunction[kən°
dʒʌ
kʃən]n.连词,结合,同时发生4.interchangeably[intə°
tʃeindʒəb(ə)l]adv.可交换地,可互换地
5.stabilize[°
steibilaiz]v.稳定,沉稳
6.evolve[i°
vɔlv]v.(使)逐渐形成,进化
7.belt[belt]n.传送带
8.pulley[°
puli]n.滑轮组
9.cam[kæ
m]n.凸轮
10.attemptto尝试,努力,试图
11.industrialist[In°
dʌstrIəlIst]n.工业家,实业家
12.retrofit[°
retrə̩fit]n.式样翻新,花样翻新
13.machinist[mə°
ʃiːnist]n.操作机器的工人,机械师
14.ballistic[bə°
listik]n.弹道学
15.trajectory[°
træ
dʒiktəri]n.轨道,轨迹
16.vacuum[°
væ
kjuəm]n.真空,空间
17.subcontract[sʌb°
kɔntræ
kt]v.订立分契,转契
18.theUniversityofPennsylvania宾夕法尼亚州大学
19.theMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology马萨诸塞州技术学院,麻省理工学院
Translations
Introduction
Computernumericalcontrol(CNC)istheprocessofmanufacturingmachinedparts.Productioniscontrolledandallocatedbyacomputerizedcontroller.Thecontrollerusesmotorstodriveeachaxisofamachinetoolandactuallyregulatesthedirection,speed,andlengthoftimeeachmotorrotates.Aprogrammedpathisloadedintothemachine’scomputerbytheoperatorandthenexecuted.Theprogramconsistsofnumericpointdatainconjunctionwithspecializedmachinecontrolcommandsandfunctioncodes[1].Numericalcontrol(NC)istheoriginaltermgiventothistechnologyandisstilloftenusedinterchangeablywithCNC.
TheevolutionofNC
TheprincipalofNCmanufacturinghasbeenevolvingsincetheIndustrialRevolution,althoughtheactualproceduresinvolvedhavedevelopedwithtechnology.Earlyattemptstoautomateproductionmadeuseofbelts,pulleys,andcams.
However,manuallaborwasbyfarmorecosteffectivethanwerethedevelopmentandoperationofbig,newmachines.
NotuntilWorldWarIIdidindustrialistsrealizethattheycouldn’tmeetbothquantityandqualityrequirementsatthesametime.Machinistsofthedaycouldproducesuperiorqualitypartsbutnotathighvolumes.Asthequantityofacertainproductincreased,thequalitydecreasedduetothehumanfactorsinvolved.
DuringWorldWarIItheUnitedStatesArmyBallisticResearchLabandtheUniversityofPennsylvaniacollaboratedondevelopmentofENIAC,theworld’sfirstdigitalcomputer.Thiswasanextremelylargevacuumtubecomputer,whichwasused
tocalculateballistictrajectorytablesforartillery.Programminginvolvedsettinghundredsofswitchesandcablesmanuallypriortohavingthemachinesequencethroughthesettings(Fig.3-1)[3].Intheearly1950stheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologydevelopedamoreadvancedvacuumtubecomputercalledtheWhirlwind.ThisimprovedcomputationaldevicewascapableofexecutingthousandsoftimesmoreinstructionspersecondthanENIAC.
ToensurethatallU.S.militaryairplanesweremanufacturedidentically,theUnitedStatesAirForceinvitedseveralcompaniestodevelopandmanufacturenumericalcontrolsystemsthatcouldhandlethevolumeandrepeatability.
ThespecificgoalsofdevelopingNCwereto:
1.In