To Foreignize or To DomesticateWord文档格式.docx
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What
factors
that
affect
their
decision
making?
This
paper
tries
find
answers
questions
looking
into
English
metaphors
Chinese.
Key
words:
translation;
metaphor;
reader
1.
Introduction
"
translation"
terms
coined
L.
Venuti
(1995)
describe
original"
(Shuttleworth
&
Cowie,
1997:
59).
roots
can
be
traced
back
German
philosopher
Schleiermacher’s
argument
there
only
translation,
either
translator
leaves
author
peace,
as
much
possible,
moves
towards
him;
he
him"
(Venuti,
1995:
19-20).
foreignization"
domestication"
may
new
Chinese,
but
concepts
they
carry
have
been
at
least
century
heart
most
controversies.
Lu
Xun
(鲁迅)
once
said
before
translating,
has
make
:
adapt
original
retain
possible
flavour
text"
(Xu,
Luo,
1984:
315).
Recently
I
read
articles
show
completely
conflicting
views
on
this
question.
In
his
article
entitled
Chinese
Western
Thinking
On
Translation"
A.
Lefevere
makes
generalization
based
comparison
thinking
When
translates
texts
produced
Others
outside
its
boundaries,
it
these
replace
them,
pure
simple.
translations
take
place
They
function
culture
extent
disappear
behind
translations.
(Bassnett
Lefevere,
1998:
14)
However,
Fung
Kiu
drawn
quite
conclusions
from
investigation
metaphor
between
Our
sets
data
showed
case
image
often
than
not
retained,
whereas
with
metaphors,
substitution
frequently
used.
[...]
One
reason
perhaps
audience
more
familiar
receptive
average
readers
culture.
(Fung,
1995)
above
aroused
my
interest
finding
out
whether
domesticate
foreignize
when
translate
text.
follows
shall
compare
translators,
rather
look
2.
Metaphor?
Random
House
Unabridged
Dictionary
(second
addition)
defines
figure
speech
term
phrase
applied
literally
applicable
suggest
resemblance."
While
according
BBC
Dictionary,
way
describing
saying
else
qualities
you
trying
describe."
Peter
Newmark
any
figurative
expression:
transferred
sense
physical
word;
personification
an
abstraction;
application
word
collocation
does
denote,
i.e.,
one
thing
another.
Metaphors
’single’
--
viz.
one-word
’extended’
(a
collocation,
idiom,
sentence,
proverb,
allegory,
complete
imaginative
(1988b:
104).
Snell-Hornby
rejects
Newmark’s
concept
metaphor"
favour
Weinrich’s
definition
(1988:
56).
She
believes
complex
(at
least)
three
dimensions
(object,
sense),
reflecting
tension
resemblance
disparity"
56-57).
will
follow
idea
includes
proverb
allegory.
3.
about
metaphor?
contrast
voluminous
literature
field
literary
criticism
rhetoric,
largely
neglected
theorists"
1995).
Can
translatable?
regarded
initial
discussion
subject,
Dagut
says,
determines
translatability
source
’boldness’
’originality’,
cultural
experience
semantic
associations
draws
shared
speakers
particular
language"
(1976).
takes
light
integrated
approach.
says
culture-specific,
Whether
’translatable’
(i.e.
literal
could
recreate
identical
dimensions),
how
difficult
translate,
translated
should
all
cannot
decided
set
abstract
rules,
must
depend
structure
within
concerned
.
56-9)
van
den
Broeck
conceives
treatment
functional
relevancy
communicative
situation
(1981).
Mary
also
considers
translating
event
both
interlingual
intercultural
(1995).
Different
semantic,
perspectives
mentioned
above,
holds
pragmatic
Drawing
practical
experience,
proposes
several
procedures
metaphor:
(1)
Reproducing
same
language;
(2)
Replacing
SL
another
established
TL
image;
(3)
simile;
(4)
Retaining
adding
sense;
(5)
Converting
(6)
Omitting
if
redundant.
Discussions
especially
those
written
theoretical.
E-C
Translation
Coursebook
(1980
)
widely
used
textbook
China,
Zhang
Peiji
(张培基)
co-compilers
summarized
popular
metaphors:
Literal
(similar
first
procedure);
standard
second
(Same
fifth
procedure).
Based
suggested
colleagues,
Guo
Zhuzhang
(郭著章)
five
A
Practical
Between
(1996,
revised
edition):
plus
explanation;
meaning;
Adapting
Using
couplets
render
image.
4.
How
Are
Translated?
methods,
envisaged
guidelines
students
well
exhaustive
rendering
metaphor.
Which
actually
ones
foreignizing?
following
section
cite
some
examples
textbooks,
dictionaries
analysis.
4.1
Examples
cited
from:
(1980)
et
al.,
edition)
English-Chinese
(1993,Unabridged)
Gusun
(陆谷孙,chief
editor),
Longman
Idioms
Li
Yinhua
(李荫华)
al.
(revisers
translation),
Free
word-for-word
(1981)
Feng
Shize
(冯世则),
Pragmatics
(1994)
He
Ziran
(何自然).
Example
1
hated
Sakamoto,
had
feeling
he’d
surely
lead
us
our
ancestors.
但是我恨阪本,并预感到他肯定会领着咱们去见祖先。
(Zhang,1980:
12)。
(My
translation:
...
see
ancestors.)
2
Hitler
was
armed
teeth
launched
Second
World
War,
few
years,
defeated.
希特勒在发动第二次世界大战时是武装到牙齿的,可是不到几年,就被彻底击败了。
(Zhan