计算机专业英语教案.docx

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计算机专业英语教案.docx

计算机专业英语教案

大家背一下这些单词和句型,对考试也许有帮助的!

UNITONEIntroductiontoComputers

Text1TheComputerSystem

一.Vocabulary(词汇):

device:

装置

cable:

电缆

instruction:

指令

terminal:

终端

hardware:

硬件

software:

软件

input:

输入

output:

输出

centralprocessingunit(CPU):

中央处理器

processor:

处理器

integratedcircuits(IC):

集成电路

printedcircuitboard:

印刷电路板

memory:

存储器

applicationprogram:

应用程序

programminglanguageprocessor:

计算机程序语言处理器

operatingsystem:

操作系统

resource:

资源

utilities(utilityprograms):

实用程序

二.Importantsentences(重点句):

1.Acomputersystemincludesbothhardwareandsoftware.

2.Abasicorganizationofacomputerhardwaresystemconsistsofaninputdevice,anoutputdevice,memoryandaCentralProcessingUnit(CPU).

3.Softwareproductsmaybedividedintofourbasictypes:

applicationprograms,programminglanguageprocessors,operatingsystems,andsystemutilities.

4.Applicationprogramsallowyoutoperformsuchtasksassolvingstatisticalproblems,keepingyourcompany'saccountbooksorplayingacomputergame.

5.Programminglanguageprocessorsareprogramsthatsupporttheuseofacomputerlanguageonacomputersystem.

6.Operatingsystemsarecontrolprogramsthatmanagehardwareandsoftwareresourcesandenableyoutorunapplicationprograms.

7.Systemutilitiesarespecialprogramsthatenhancetheusefulnessandcapabilitiesofacomputer.

三.Exercises(练习及参考答案):

1.TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoEnglish.

(1)硬件:

hardware

(2)软件:

software

(3)集成电路:

integratedcircuits(IC)

(4)中央处理器:

centralprocessingunit(CPU)

(5)应用软件:

applicationsoftware

(6)应用程序:

applicationprogram

2.TranslatethefollowingscreenmessagesintoChinese.

(1)、

(2)、(3).

3.TranslatethefollowingWindows95andDOS7.0screenmessagesintoChinese:

(1)、

(2)、(3)、(4)、(5)、(6)、(7)、(8)

4.MultipleChoice:

(1)、C

(2)、B

(3)、B

(4)、B

UNITONEIntroductiontoComputers

Text2SystemComponentsofComputers

一、Vocabulary(词汇):

component:

部件,元件

image:

图形

printer:

打印机

cabinet:

机箱

chip:

芯片

silicon:

硅片

mainmemory:

主存储器

secondarystorage:

辅助存储器

diskettedrive:

软驱

displayscreen(ormonitor):

显示器

二.Importantsentences(重点句):

1.Acomputersystemconsistsoffourbasiccomponents:

theCentralProcessingUnit(CPU),memory,inputdeviceandoutputdevice.

三.Exercises(练习及参考答案):

1.TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoEnglish.

(1)计算机系统:

computersystem

(2)主存储器:

mainmemory

(3)辅助存储器:

secondarystorage

(4)键盘:

keyboard

(5)显示器:

displayscreen(ormonitor)

(6)数据:

data

2.TranslatethefollowingscreenmessagesintoChinese.

(1)、

(2)

3.TranslatethefollowingWindows95andDOS7.0screenmessagesintoChinese:

(2)、(3)、(4)

4.TrueorFalse:

(1)、F

(3)、F

(4)、T

(5)、F

UNITONEIntroductiontoComputers

Text3TheEvolutionofComputers

一、Vocabulary(词汇):

vacuumtube:

真空管

siliconchip:

硅片

large-scale:

大规模的

integration:

集成

chipcircuitry:

芯片电路

package:

封装

auxiliarystorage(=externalstorageorsecondarystorage):

辅助存储器

data:

数据

magneticdisk:

磁盘

memorycapacity(=storagecapacity):

存储器容量

microprocessor:

微处理器

multiprogramming:

多道程序设计

二、Importantsentences(重点句):

1.Modernelectroniccomputersdidn'tappearuntilthe1940's.ResearchworkersinAmericaproducedaworkingcomputerin1946.

2.Thefirst-generationofcomputerswereusedfrom1946to1959.TheywerecharacterizedbythemostprominentfeatureoftheENIAC-vacuumtubes,andwerelarge,costly,expensivetopowerandoftenunreliable.

3.Thesecond-generationofcomputersspannedtheyearsfrom1959throughto1964.Themostnotablechangewasthattransistorsreplacedvacuumtubes.

4.Inaddition,thesecond-generationcomputersweregivenauxiliarystorage,sometimescalledexternalorsecondarystorage.

5.Thirdgenerationcomputerslastedfrom1964to1971.Thethird-generationismarkedchieflybythedevelopmentofintegratedcircuits,whichreplacedtransistors.

6.From1971tothepresent,wehavefourth-generationcomputers.

三、Exercises(练习及参考答案):

1.TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoEnglish.

(1)电子管:

vacuumtube

(2)晶体管:

transistor

(3)磁带机:

magnetictapemachine

(4)磁盘机:

magneticdiskmachine

(5)微处理器:

microprocessor

(6)大规模集成电路:

Large-scaleintegrationcircuits

2.TranslatethefollowingscreenmessagesintoChinese.

(1)、(8)、(9)

3.TranslatethefollowingWindows95andDOS7.0screenmessagesintoChinese:

(2)、(3)、(5)、(8)

4.MutipleChoice:

(1)、B

(2)、C

(3)、B、D

(4)、B

UNITONEIntroductiontoComputers

Text4MicrocomputerArchitecture

一.Vocabulary(词汇):

keyboard:

键盘

printer:

打印机

plotter:

绘图仪

diskette:

软盘

execute:

执行

screen:

显示屏

medium(pl.media):

媒体,介质

system:

系统

motherboard:

母板,主板

drive:

驱动器

memoryboard:

内存板

slot:

插槽

bus:

总线

bit:

interface:

接口

harddisk:

硬盘

二.Importantsentences(重点句):

1.Mostsystemsareconstructedaroundamotherboard,whichisametalframewordcontainingaseriesofslotsthatarelinkedthroughabustoan8-or16-bitprocessor.

2.CPU:

Itisusedtocarryoutavarietyofessentialdatamanipulationandcontrollingtasksintheheartofthecomputer.

3.Mainmemory:

ItcontainstheprogramstheCPUiscurrentlyexecutingandthedatatheseprogramsareoperatingon.

4.Massstoragedevices:

Theharddisk,floppydiskandmagnetictapedrivesarecalledmassstoragedevices,whichholddataforlong-termstorage.

5.Input/Outputdevices:

Thekeyboard,CRTdisplay(monitor),printerandXY-plotterarereferredtoasinput/outputdevices.

三.Exercises(练习及参考答案):

1.TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoEnglish.

(1)微型计算机:

microcomputer

(2)母板:

motherboard

(3)插槽:

slot

(4)接口:

interface

(5)硬盘驱动器:

harddiskdrive

(6)软盘驱动器:

floppydiskdrive

2.TranslatethefollowingscreenmessagesintoChinese.

(1)、

(2)、(3)

3.TranslatethefollowingWindows95andDOS7.0screenmessagesintoChinese:

(1)、(3)、(4)、(6)、(8)

4.MultipleChoice:

(1)、Lookingfromoutside,amicrocomputerconsistsofacase,akeyboard,amonitorandaprinter.

(2)、Tobootupacomputer,youcaneitherdoawarmbootoracoldboot.

(3)、Thecomputercanusethebinarynumbersystemtorepresentanycharacter.Byfar,ASCIIdevelopedinUSA,isthemostwidelyusedcode.

(4)、ThemainmemoryinacomputerconsistsofRAMandROM.

(5)、Amicrocomputerhasatleast640kbytesofmemory.1kbyteconsistsof1024bytes.

UNITONEIntroductiontoComputers

Text5ComputerViruses

一、Vocabulary(词汇):

format:

格式化

shell:

壳,外壳

modify:

修改

insert:

插入,嵌入

extension:

扩展名

version:

版本

computervirus:

计算机病毒

sector:

扇区

intrusivevirus:

入侵病毒

RAM(RandomAccessMemory):

随机存储器

RAM-residentprogram:

内存驻留程序

operatingsystemvirus:

操作系统病毒

bootup:

引导

shellvirus:

外壳病毒

sourcecodevirus:

源码病毒

devicedriver:

设备驱动程序

sourceprogram:

源程序

hostprogram:

主程序

compile:

编译

wormvirus:

蠕虫病毒

macrovirus:

宏病毒

二.Importantsentences(重点句):

1.Computervirusesaresmallprogramsdesignedtoreplicate(makeexactcopiesofthemselves)andspread,sometimeswithoutgivinganysignthattheyexist.

2.Computervirusescanbeclassifiedbyhowtheyinfectasystem.Therearefourmaintypesofviruses:

shell,intrusive,operatingsystem,andsourcecode.

3.Shellviruseswrapthemselvesaroundahostprogramanddonotmodifytheoriginalprogramcode.

4.Intrusivevirusesinvadeanexistingprogramandactuallyinsertaportionoftheircodeintothehostprogram.

5.Operatingsystemvirusesworkbyreplacingpartsoftheoperatingsystemwiththeirownlogic.

6.SourcecodevirusesareintrusiveprogramsthatareinsertedintoasourceprogramsuchasthosewritteninPascalpriortotheprogrambeingcompiled.

三.Exercises(练习及参考答案):

1.TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoEnglish.

(1)病毒:

virus

(2)恶性病毒:

maliciousvirus

(3)外壳病毒:

shellvirus

(4)源代码:

sourcecode

(5)设备驱动程序:

devicedriver

(6)传播:

spread

2.TranslatethefollowingscreenmessagesintoChinese.

(2)、(5)、(8)

3.TranslatethefollowingWindows95andDOS7.0screenmessagesintoChinese:

(2)、(5)

4.MultipleChoice:

(1)、A、C(注:

现在的杀毒软件一般都具备病毒防火墙的功能)

(2)、C

5.TrueorFalse:

(1)、F

(2)、F(注:

如1999年4月26日爆发的CIH病毒就会烧毁主板或是硬盘)

UNITONEIntroductiontoComputers

Text6MultimediaTechnology

一、Vocabulary(词汇):

animation:

动画,动画片

video:

视频

audio:

声频

compactdisk:

光盘

mouse:

鼠标器

soundboard:

声卡

mixer:

混声器

throughput:

吞吐率

multimedia:

多媒体

graphics:

图形

opticalstorage:

光存储

imageprocessing:

图像处理

CD-ROMdrive:

光盘驱动器

MPC(multimediapersonalcomputer):

多媒体个人电脑

parallel:

并行

serial:

串行

joystickport:

游戏操纵杆控制端口

VGA(VideoGraphicsArray):

视频图形阵列(显示卡)

resolution:

分辨率

二、Importantsentences(重点句):

1.Multimedia,whichtypicallyreferstoasynthesisofgraphics,animation,opticalstorage,imageprocessing,andsound,isnotasingletechnology,product,ormarket.

2.MPCstandsfor"multimediapersonalcomputer".

3.TherequirementsforanMPCaredescribedindetailinMicrosoft'sMultimediaPCSpecificationVersion1.0.

三、Exercises(练习及参考答案):

1.TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoEnglish.

(1)多媒体:

multimedia

(2)图形:

graphics

(3)视频:

video

(4)图像处理:

imageprocessing

(5)动画:

animation

(6)光盘:

compactdisk

3.TranslatethefollowingWindows95andDOS7.0screenmessagesintoChinese:

(1)、(3)、(4)、(7)、(8)

4.Answerthefollowingquestionsbriefly:

(2)、OA

(4)、Abyteconsistof8bits.

(5)、In1946,thefirstcomputerintheworldENIACwasdeveloped.

UNITONEIntroductiontoComputers

Text7CompactDisk-ReadOnlyMemory(CD-ROM)

一.Vocabulary(词汇):

digital:

数字的

access:

存取

laser:

激光

reserve:

重新写入

compactdisk:

密集盘

opticaldisk:

(=compactdisk)光盘

videoplayer:

影像光盘机

programmedsearch:

程序搜索

memoryfacility:

记忆功能

telephonedirectory:

电话簿

postaladdress:

邮政地址

二.Importantsentences(重点句):

1.Newprogramsanddataare'burnt'ontothediscsurfacebyapowerfullaser.

2.Toreadtheinformation,aweakerlaserispassedoverthesurfaceandthereflecteddistortionf

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