届河北省衡水中学高三下学期一调英语试题带答案.docx

届河北省衡水中学高三下学期一调英语试题带答案.docx

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届河北省衡水中学高三下学期一调英语试题带答案

2020届河北省衡水中学高三下学期一调

英语试题

第I卷（选择题）

一、阅读理解

NEWHAVEN,Connecticut——AsurpriseawaitedstudentsinYalewhoshowedupforProfessorLaurieSantos’sclass.Theygotslipsofpaperthatsaid,“Noclasstoday.”Therewasonlyoneruleforthestudents‘unexpectedfreetime——Theywerenotallowedtostudy,buttorelax.Sinceexamsandpaperswerecomingup,everyonewastiredandstressed.Atthismomenttheyweretouched.Witharoundapplause,ninestudentshuggedSantos,andtwoburstintotears.

Yet,cancellingclasswasnotjustabreak.Itwasalsoachallenge,asshewasaskingthemtostopworryingabouttheirgrades,evenifitwasjustanhour.OnestudentwenttotheYaleUniversityArtGalleryforthefirsttimeinherfouryearsatYale.Agroupofstudentswenttoarecordingstudioandplayedanewsong.Morepeoplewereoutside,andmoreweresmiling.That’swhyabout1,200studentsweretakingSantos’sclass,called“PsychologyandtheGoodLife,”thelargestclassinYale’s317-yearhistory.Evennon-YalestudentshadthechancetotakeSantos’sclass.ItwasofferedasanonlinecourseandsheimmediatelybecameanInternethit.

SkylerRobinson,oneofherstudents,wasatalossforawhileaboutwhattododuringhisbreak,andthendecidedtotakeanap.“Itwasagreatnap,”hecommented.Santosdesignedtheclassaftersherealizedthatherstudentskeptbusythroughlongdaysthatseemedfarmoredepressingandjoylessthanherowncollegeyears.“Theyfeelthey’reinthiscrazyratrace.They’reworkingsohardthattheycan’ttakeasinglehouroff.That’sawful.”

Theideasbehindtheclassaresimple.Santossaid,“Itisthehopethatsciencecanhelpstudentsfindpeaceamongallthestressesanddifficultiestheyfaceatcollege.”Thelessonsincludeshowingmoregratitude,performingactsofkindnessandincreasingsocialconnections.Thestudentsreallywantedtolearntoleadahappylifeinascience-drivenway.Santosalsonotedthepsychologicalhappeningof“mis-wanting”,whichledpeopletoworktowardsthewronggoalsinlife.

Oneweek,Santoaskedstudentstoexercise.Anotherweek,shewantedthemtogetmoresleep.Theyworkedhardtokeepsomenewhabits.Socialscienceresearchledtomanynewunderstandingsofhowpeoplefindhappiness.ShethinksherclasscanchangeYale,orrather,notjustYale.

1．Howdidstudentsrespondtothecancellingclass?

A．Theyexpressedtheirconcern.

B．Theywereatalosswhattodo.

C．Theyshowedgratitudetotheteacher.

D．Theywereeagertostudyindividually.

2．HowcanweknowSanto’sclasswaspopular?

A．Fromtheattendenceinherclass.

B．Fromthesubjectshetaught.

C．FromthelonghistoryofYale.

D．Fromthereleaseoftheonlinecourse.

3．WhatcanstudentslearnfromSantos’sclass?

A．Todevelopgoodstudyhabits.

B．Toletexercisebecometheirroutine.

C．Tobetterunderstandhowtofindhappiness.

D．Todosomethingjoyfulduringthestressfultime.

4．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A．Santoshadamorestressfultimeinhercollege.

B．StudentswouldbeinratraceafterSantos’sclass.

C．Santos’sinfluencecanreachawiderrangeofpeople.

D．Santosisgoingtocancelmoreclassesforbettereffects.

Asunpleasantemotionsgo,anxietyistheroughest.It'savague,pit-of-the-stomachfearthatsneaksuptoyou--thatuneaseyougetwhenyourbosssaysthatsheneedstotalktoyourightaway,whenthephoneringsat4:

00a.m.,orwhenyourdentistlooksintoyourmouthandsays"Hmm"forthethirdtime.

Lingeringanxietycankeepyouupatnight,makeyouirritable,undermineyourabilitytoconcentrate,andruinyourappetite.Andtheconstantstateofreadinessgeneratedbyanxiety---adrenalinepumping,heartracing,palmssweating--maycontributetohighbloodpressureandheartdisease.

Howtopreventanxietythen?

Meditate.Maybeyou'rejusthigh-strung.Ifso,meditation（冥想）isworthatry.Itcultivatesacalmnessthateasesanxiousfeelingsandoffersasenseofcontrol.AstudyattheUniversityofMassachusettsfoundthatvolunteerswhotookan8-weekmeditationcoursewereconsiderablylessanxiousafterward.Peoplewhoarehigh-strungfindthattheyaredramaticallycalmerwith20minutesofmeditationinthemorningandanother20minutesafterdinner.

Jog,walk,swim,orcycle.Ifyoucan'tmaketimeformeditation,besuretomaketimeforregularexercise.Exercisecanhavethesamecalmingeffectasmeditation,particularlyifit'ssomethingrepetitivelikerunningorswimminglaps.

Treatment?

Remembertobreathe.Whenyou'reanxious,youtendtoholdyourbreathorbreathetooshallowly.Thatmakesyoufeelmoreanxious.Breathingslowlyanddeeplycanhaveacalmingeffect.Tomakesurethatyou'rebreathingcorrectly,placeyourhandonyourdiaphragm（横膈膜）,justbelowyourribcage（胸腔）.Feelitrisewitheachinhalation（吸气）andfallwitheachexhalation.

Let'ssayyouareanxiousaboutyourcompetenceonthejob.Askyourself"What,inparticular,amIafraidthatI'llmessup?

"Maybeyou’reafraidthatyougetfurtherbehindandmissyourdeadlines.Ormaybeyou'reworriedthatyou'reblowingitwheneveryoupresentyourideasinmeetings.Areyourworriesfounded?

Haveyouhadseveralnearmisseswithdeadlines?

Areyoursuggestionsroutinelyrejected?

Ifnot,theanxietyisneedless.Ifthereisarealproblem,workonasolution:

Paceyourselftobettermeetdeadlines,orjoinapublicspeakingclass.

5．WhichofthefollowingsymptomsisNOTdirectlycausedbyanxiety?

A．Lowerinconcentration.B．Noappetite.

C．Heartracing.D．Highbloodpressure.

6．Accordingtothepassage,whatcanbedonetoavoidanxiety?

A．Exercisingregularly.B．Keepingbreathsteady.

C．Breathingwiththehelpofhands.D．Adjustingthepaceoflife.

7．Whatisthelastparagraphabout?

A．Anxietyatworkanditssolutions.B．People'sanxietyabouttheircapabilities.

C．Thereasonforsomeone'sincompetence.D．Thefunctionofpublicspeakingclass.

Oneman’swhitebreadisanotherman’sgreenvegetables.

That’sthekeyfromThePersonalisedDiet,anewbookfromIsraeliauthorsEranSegalandEranElinav.Theauthorssayit’stimetoadmittoourselvesthatone-size-fits-alldietsdon’twork,andwhenitcomestonutrition,it’saboutdoingwhatworksbestforyourbody,notcatchingthelatestdietfashion.

“Foryears,we’vebeentryingtosearchforthatsilver-bulletdietandwe’vebeenmiserablyfailing,”Segalsaid.“Andthat’sbecausethebestdietforeachpersonreallyhastobetailoredtothatindividual.”

TheyconductedapersonalisednutritionprojectatWeizmann,wherehundredsofvolunteersagreedtohavetheirbloodsugartestedaftermeals.Oneparticipantinthestudy,awomannamedRuti,saidshewassurprisedthatitwastomatoes--noticecreamorcandies--thatwereraisingherbloodsugarlevel.Rutirecalled,“IhavenowsignificantlyreducedmyintakeoftomatoandI’mfeelingmuchmoreenergetic,whichstillsurprisesme.Ihavealreadylostacoupleofpounds,andIhavehighhopesthatIhavefinallyfoundtheanswertomyweightstruggle,too.”

TheIsraeliscientistsfoundthatsomepeoplecanconsumetraditionallyunhealthyfoodswithlittleornoriseintheirbloodsugarlevels,whileothershaveastrongerresponse,andthereforeshouldn’teatthosefoods.It’sthosekindsofresultsthatyoucanonlyfindfromapersonaliseddiet.

“Whatweweresurprisedtofindoutwasjustlikeanyotherfood,thereisnosuchthingasgoodbread,”Elinavsaid.“Theresponsetobreadwascompletelyindividualised.”

8．Whatissuggestedinthefirstsentence?

A．Everyonehastheirowntastes.

B．Nutritionservesyourbodybest.

C．People’sresponsetothesamefoodisdifferent.

D．Thelatestdietdoesn’tfiteachperson.

9．Whatdoes“thatsilver-bulletdiet”referto?

A．Adietthatislowinfat.

B．Adietthatbeginsanewdiettrend.

C．Adietthatworksbestforeveryone.

D．Adietthatprovidesallthenutrition.

10．Ruti’sexamplesuggeststhattocontrolweight,oneneedsto.

A．eatmuchfewertomatoes

B．controltheirbloodsugarlevels

C．struggleforweightlossconstantly

D．eataccordingtohisorherbloodsugarlevel

11．WhyisElinav’sopiniononbreadmentionedinthelastparagraph?

A．Toadvisepeoplenottoeatunhealthyfood.

B．Tostresstheneedofthepersonaliseddiet.

C．Toexplainthepopularityofwhitebread.

D．Toshowtheimportanceofgoodbread.

ArchaeologistsusedDNAtakenfromabrokenclaypipestemfoundinMarylandtobuildapictureofanenslavedwomanwhodiedaround200yearsagoandhadoriginsinmodern-daySierraLeone.Oneresearchercalledthework“amind-blower.”

“Inthisparticularcontext,andfromthattimeperiod,Ithinkit’safirst,”teammemberHannesSchroedertoldTheWashingtonPost.“TobeabletogetDNAfromanobjectlikeapipestemisquiteexciting.Alsoitisexcitingfordescendant（后裔）communities.Throughthistechnology,they’reabletomakeaconnectionnotonlytothesitebutpotentiallybacktoAfrica.”

ThepipestemwasfoundattheBelvoirplantationinCrownsville,Maryland,whereenslavedpeopleliveduntil1864andwherealikelyslavecemeterywasrecentlyfound.DNAtakenfromthepipelinkedbacktoawomaneitherdirectlyfromordescendedfromtheMendepeople,wholivedinwestAfrica,inanareanowpartofSierraLeone.

JulieSchablitsky,thechiefarchaeologistwiththeMarylandstatehighwayadministration,toldThePostthediscovery,basedonsaliva（唾液）absorbedintotheclaypipe,wasa“mind-blower”.ShealsosaidrecordsshowtheexistenceofaslavetraderouteSierraLeonetoAnnapolis,plied（定期往来）byBritishandAmericanships.“AssoonaspeoplesteppedonthoseslaveshipsinAfrica,”shesaid,“whethertheywerefromBeninor