英语二串讲笔记Word文档格式.docx

英语二串讲笔记Word文档格式.docx

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Ifthereisnochoice,thereisnodecisiontobemade.

4、4、 

Formanagerseverydecisionhasconstraintsbasedonpolitics,procedures,laws,precedentsandthelike.

5、5、 

Forexample,managerssometimestreatproblemsinaneither/orfashion.

6、6、 

Decisionmakersmusthavesomewayofdeterminingwhichofseveralalternativesisbest–thatis,whichcontributesthemosttotheachievementoforganizationalgoals.

7、7、 

Inthelargerschemeofthings,however,increasedfundingforresearchtoimprovetheproductsmightbemorebeneficialtotheorganization.

8、8、 

Someoftheseobjectivesaremoreimportantthanothers,buttheorderanddegreeofimportanceoftenvaryformpersontopersonandfromdepartmenttodepartment.

Unit2

Astronomersandscientiststhinkthatablackholeisaregionofspaceintowhichmatterhasfallenandfromwhichnothingcanescape.

Thetheoryisthatsomestarsexplodewhentheirdensityincreasestoaparticularpoint.

SomepeoplethinkthattheStartofBethlehemcouldhavebeenasupernova.

Ifamanfellintoablackhole,hewouldthinkthathereachedthecenterofitveryquickly.

Itisonlyrecentlythatastronomershavebegunspecificresearchintoblackholes.

Ontheotherhand,scientistshavesuggestedthateveryadvancedtechnologycouldonedaymakeuseoftheenergyofblackholesformankind.

Unit3

Affectedwithaseriousdisease,vanWendalwasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandheknewtherewasnohopeofrecoveryandthathisconditionwasrapidlydeteriorating.

VanWendel’slastthreemonthsoflifebeforebeinggivenafinal,lethalinjectionbyhisdoctorwerefilmedandfirstshownontelevisionlastyearintheNetherlands.

Theprogrammehassincebeenboughtby20countriesandeachtimeitisshown,itstartsanationwidedebateonthesubject.

Whatthosepeoplewhoopposeeuthanasiaaretellingmeisthatdyingpeoplehaven’ttheright.

Unit4

重点句子：

Thereareestimatedtobemorethan20,000overseasdomesticservantsworkinginBritain.

Ofthese20,000,justunder2,000arebeingexploitedandabusedbytheiremployers.

Thesadconditionofwomenworkingasdomesticsaroundtheworldreceivedmuchmediaattentionearlierthisyearinseveralhighlypublicizedcases.

AFilipinomaidwasexecutedinSingaporeafterbeingconvictedofmurder,despiteprotestsformvariousquartersthatherguilthadnotbeenadequatelyestablished.

SheusedtoworkforaverylowwageatateafactoryinSriLanka.

Becauseshefounditdifficulttofeedherfourchildren,sheacceptedajobworkingasadomesticinLondon.

Soiftheydocomplain,theyriskbeingdeported.

Unit5

Thenewmusicwasbuiltoutofmaterialsalreadyinexistence.

Folkmusic,oldandmodern,waspopularamongcollegestudents.

Theyfreelytookoverelementsformjazz,fromAmericancountrymusic.

Withrecordsathome,listenersimitatedtheselightingeffectsasbesttheycould.

Unit6

1.1. 

Mostoftoday'

srobotsareemployedintheautomotiveindustry,wheretheyareprogrammedtotakeoversuchjobsasweldingandspraypaintingautomobileandtruckbodies.

2.2. 

Robots,alreadytakingoverhumantasksintheautomotivefieldarebeginningtobeseen,althoughtoalesserdegree,inotherindustriesaswell.

3.3. 

Therobotsusedinnuclearpowerplantshandletheradioactivematerials,preventinghumanpersonnelfrombeingexposedtoradiation.

4.4. 

Robotsdifferfromautomaticmachinesinthataftercompletionofonespecifictask,theycanbereprogrammedbyacomputertodoanotherone.

5.5. 

Engineersskilledinmicroelectronicsandcomputertechnologyaredevelopingartificialvisionforrobots.

6.6. 

Withtheabilityto"

see"

robotscanidentifyandinspectonespecificclassofobjectsoutofastackofdifferentkindsofmaterials.

7.7. 

Anyonewantingtounderstandtheindustryofthefuturewillhavetoknowaboutrobotics.

Unit7

Peopleinadvancedindustrialsocietiesareincreasinglyconcernedwithopportunitiesforleisure.

Theimportancepeopleattachtopaidholidaysandtherapiddevelopmentofservicesformassentertainmentandrecreationaresignsofthisincreasingconcern.

Thespecificuseofleisurevariesfromindividualtoindividual.

Sinceleisureisbasicallyself-determined,oneisabletotaketoone’sinterestsandpreferencesandgetinvolvedinanactivityinwaysthatwillbringenjoymentandsatisfaction.

Basically,suchattitudesamounttoarecognitionthatleisureisanimportantareaoflifeandabeliefthatLeisurecanandshouldbeputtogooduse.

Forexample,thedegreetowhichandthewaysinwhichaschoolencouragesparticipationingames,sportsandculturalpursuitsarelikelytocontributetotheshapingofleisureattitudesonthepartofthestudents.

Schoolsusuallysetastheireducationalobjectivetheattainmentofabalanceddevelopmentoftheperson.

8.8. 

Themoreseriouslythisissought,themorelikelypositiveattitudestowardsleisureaswellasacademicworkwillbeencouraged.

Unit8

TheproblemofJetLagisoneeveryinternationaltravelercomesacrossatsometime.（para.1）

Theeffectsofrapidtravelonthebodyareactuallyfarmoredisturbingthanwerealize.（para.2）

HelaterblamedhispoorjudgementonJetLag.（para.3）

NowthatweunderstandwhatJetlagis,wecangosomewaytoovercomingit（para.4）

Theotherbelongsinourinternalclockswhich,leftalone,wouldtiethebodytoa25hour–yes,25–rhythm.（para.5）

Intimethephysiologicalsystemwillresetitself,butitdoestaketime.（para7）

Onereasonforthisdiscrepancyisthatdifferentbodilyeventsarecontrolledbydifferentfactors.（para.8）

Itisnotfeasibletowaitfourdaysuntilthebodyisusedtothenewtimezone.（para.9）

Unit9

Nationclassifiedas"

aged"

whentheyhave7percentofmoreoftheirpeopleaged65orabove.（para.1）

Thenearerasocietyapproximatestozeropopulationgrowth,theolderitspopulationislikelytobe–atleast,foranyfuturethatconcernsusnow.

Theolderyouarenow,ofcourse,thegreaterthisproportionwillbe,andgreaterstillifyouareawoman.

Ifyouarenowinyourthirties,yououghttobeawarethatyoucanexpecttolivenearlyonethirdoftherestofyourlifeaftertheageof60.

Unit10

Candidatestrytoprojectastrongleadershipimage.（para.4）

Whethervotersacceptthisimage,however,dependsmoreonexternalfactorsthanonacandidate’spersonalcharacteristics.（para.4）此句注意主语从句作主语。

Ayearlater,withthenation’seconomyintrouble,Bush’sapprovalratingdroppedbelow40percent.

Candidatesareparticularlyconcernedwithwinningthestateswhichhavethelargestpopulation.

Clintonreceivedonly43percentofthepopularvotein1992,comparedwithBush’s38percentandPerot’s19percent.

Unit11

Theuseofanimalshasbeencentraltothedevelopmentofanaesthetics.（para.2）

Animalresearchisirrelevanttoourhealthanditcanoftenproducemisleadingresults.（para.4）

Peopleandanimalsaredifferentintheirreactionstodrugsandinthewaytheirbodieswork.（para.4）

Itwouldbecompletelyirresponsibleandunethicaltousedrugsonpeoplethathadnotbeenthoroughlytestedonanimals.（para.5）

Theeventualaimofcomputermodelingistoreducethenumberofanimalsusedinexperiments.（para.6）

Manyothernewtechniquesarenowavailablethatenablemoreresearchtobedoneinthetesttubetoseeifchemicalsproduceharmfulbiologicaleffects.（para.7）

Thenumberofanimalsusedinlaboratorytestshasdeclinedoverthelast20years.（para.8）

Thisispartlyduetoalternativesandpartlytothefactthatexperimentsarebetterdesignedsofewerneedtobeused.（para.8）

9.9. 

ProfessorDavidMortonofthedepartmentisinvolvedinanimalresearchandisconcernedwithreducinganimalsufferingasmuchaspossible.（para.9）

10.10. 

Thisincludeskeepingtheminmoresuitablecages.（para.9）include后面接动名词作宾语。

11.11. 

IntheUS,oneexperimentinnerveregenerationinvolvescuttingabignerveinarat’sleg.involve后面接动名词作宾语。

12.12. 

Whenitcomestoresearchintoheartdiseaseanditseffectsonthebody,ordiseasesofthebrainforexample,wedonothaveadequatesubstitutesfortheuseofanimals.Whenitcomesto当提到…的时候

Unit12

Atitsbest,daydreamingwasconsideredacompensatorysubstitutefortherealthingsinlife.（para.1）

Therearealwaysthosewhowouldsubstitutefantasylivesfortherewardsofrealactivity.（para.2）

Mostpeoplesufferfromalackofdaydreamingratherthananexcessofit.（para.2）

Notonlyaretheylessabletodealwiththepressureofday-to-dayexistence,butalsotheirself–controlandself-directionbecomeendangered.（para.2）

Butitsbeneficialeffectsgobeyondthis.（para.3）Gobe