呼啸山庄英文版论文文档格式.docx

呼啸山庄英文版论文文档格式.docx

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准考证号：

学生姓名：

王青翠

指导老师：

刘军平

武汉大学外语学院制

2009年10月

Abstract

WutheringHeights---thetalentedEnglishwriter'

sonlynovel.Itreleasesunique,shiningandsplendidgloryinthebrilliantliteraryconstellationofthenineteenthcentury.Itisknownas"

19thcentury'

smostpeculiarnovel"

"

asoulofdrama"

and"

awritercouldwritethebestprosepoem"

.

Onrealsignificance,it’sintheAnglo-AmericanliteratureclassthatIamfamiliarwithWutheringHeights.AllthepeopleareshockingbythiskindpiercingloveofHeathcliffandCatherine.SomersetMaughamthinksthatthemosttouchingthinginWutheringHeightsistheloveofHeathcliffandCatherine.AndhesaidhehasneverreadsucharealisticnovelasWutheringHeightsthatputsthepain,strongandcrueldescriptionintolove.

Theirloveshockspeople,atthesametime;

italsoleavesmanythoughtstoposterity.Lovehasalwaysbeentobringrichcolorstothetragedyfromitsformationofthehumanspirit.Itstragedyisalwaystheretobreedinthecharacteristicsocialrootsanditslimitationsofthetimes,andthehero'

spersonalityandambivalencearetopromoteitsdevelopment.Theirtragedyisinevitability.

Inthispaper,itwillrevealthatthesocialrootsandlimitationsmakequiteanimpactonWutheringHeightsanditwillstudytheheroes'

differencesinactionandattitudetowardsloveandmarriage.Finally,itwillpointoutthattheirloveislikethenorthwindonthemoors,wildandviolent.Andthelovewhichisbeyondtherealisticbreaksthroughtheoriginalmodel.Itisdoomedtotragedy.Thetragedyisthesocialtragedy,thetimes'

tragedy,butalsotheirself-madetragedy.Itisinevitability.

KeyWords:

WutheringHeights;

EmilyBronte;

LoveTragedy.

BriefAnalysisLoveTragedy’Inevitabilityon

WutheringHeights

Ⅰ.Introduction

Publishedinl847,EmilyBronte’smasterpieceWutheringHeightscounteredwithcountlessunfavorablevoicesandutterances.Forseveralgenerations,theWutheringHeightshasbeenexertinggreatfascinationsoveritsreaders.AlthoughWutheringHeightsisheronlynovelbutitcertainlyproveshergeniusinrenderingcaptivatingdescriptionandsuperpassion.

Ittellsastoryaboutloveandrevenge.Inthe19thcentury,onestrangeboynamedHeathcliffisbroughttoWutheringHeightsfromLiverpoolbyMr.Earnshaw.HeliveswithEarnshaw’ssonHindleyanddaughterCatherine.HindleyhatesHeathcliff,whileCatherinelikeshim.AfterEarnshawdied,HindleybecomestheleaderofthefamilyandheregardsHeathcliffasservant,soHeathcliffisinsultedandill-treated.However,CatherineandHeathcliffbecomegoodfriendsandloveeachothergradually.Mr.EdgarthenextdooroftenvisitsWutheringHeightstopursueCatherineandshealsoshowslovetohim,too.WhensheagreestomarryEdgar,Heathcliffgoesawaywithanger.Astimegoeson,Heathcliffbringslove,jealousy,hatred,andrevengeintotheEarnshawsandtheLintons.Itdoesnotbringhimrealcomforttoruinotherpeople’shappiness.Heathcliffisimmersedinmentalpainandeventuallyhedestroyshimselfanddiesofdespondent.

InWutheringHeights,HeathcliffandCatherinerevoltHindley’spunishmentandruninthewilderness.Theyarelonelychildren.Onthispoint,theyareidenticalinspiritandsoul.WhenCatherinebetraysHeathcliffandmarriestoEdgar,theylostechoofsoulsandthusbothofthemsufferagreatpain.Finally,theyhadnochoicebuttodeathtonegatethephysicalseparation,inordertoachievethesoul.Theirloveisassociatedwiththeabnormalandtheabsurd.

Ⅱ.Creativebackground

2.1Socialorigin

Thelovetragedyreflectsthesocialbackground.Thesocietyisthesourceofthelovetragedy.Asweallknow,EmilyBrontelivedinVictorianTimesforthreedecades.ThosethreedecadesaretheeraofunrestsocietyintheUnitedKingdom.Thattime,theIndustrialRevolutionaffectedalltheEngland,eventhewholeworld:

capitalismwasdevelopingandincreasingexposuretoitsinherentdefects.Followedbyaconflictbetweenworkersandcapitalists,thegovernmenthadissuedanumberoflawstoprotecttheinterestsoftherich,sothegapbetweenrichandpoorwasgrowing.Theunemployedworkerswereinpovertyandalargenumberofchildlaborhadbeenbrutallytorturedtodeath.Thiswasfollowedbytheoutbreakofthefamous"

Charterofmovement"

andtheBritishGovernmenttookhigh-pressureondemocraticstruggleandthelabormovement.Thattime,everyEnglishman'

smindwaslikegoingthroughahurricane,eveninnorthremoteareas,thelandownerscouldnolongerbelikebeforethathadnothingtosuffer.Ourwriter,EmilyBronte,wasborninthiseraofstruggle.

2.2Theauthor'

ssourcesfromherself

2.2.1Theauthor'

slivingenvironment

EmilylivedinaremotedesolateYorkshire.Inthewestofthehousetherewasanendlessmoor,coveredwithheather.Therewasalsoastalechurchyard.Shewasborninapoorfamilypriest.Whenshewasyoung,hermotherdied,andherlifewasdistress.Alloftheeducationwasmainlyfromhisfather.Inordertomaintaintheirlivelihood,heroldsisterCharlotteBronte,heryoungsisterAnneBronteandshehadtobeateacher,whichsufferedfromhumiliation,feelingofdiscriminationandloneliness.Thisisherliterarysourceofpessimism.

2.2.2Theauthor'

swayoflife

Thebarren,remote,gloomyandeccentriclivingenvironmentandthenaturalsilencemadeEmilyisolated.EmilyseldomleftthegloomyYorkshiremoorsthatbeyondone'

simagination.Sheandhersistersoftengotothewestofthewildernesstotakeawalk.But,inadditiontothechurchandtogowalking,shealmostgoeswithoutleavinghome.It'

sanenclosedenvironment,makingherworkshowrareoriginalityandsendoutafreshandnaturalauthenticityoftheartisticcharm.Whenshecouldnotrestrainastrongemotional,writingbecameheronlyexpressionofemotion.Itwasalongtimetogetthemindforherselfsinceshebeguntoseekcompensationfromcreativityandimagination.It’sthesourceofWutheringHeights.

2.2.3Theauthor'

spersonality

EmilyBrontewasgrowingupwithfather'

stoughandindifference.Sheisprematurelossofthemother'

saffectionandprotectionandshouldfightbackhisfather'

sharshandcold.Emilyhasthesenseofinferiority,timidandintrovertedduringchildhood.Sheisineptandunwillingtobegregarious.Shelongsforlove,buthasn'

tlove;

shedesirestobeunderstood,butnottobeunderstood.Thewayoflifeabove-mentionedmakesherdeveloptheappearanceofcalmandtheinneroffirmness.Theclosedcharactermakesherbecomedepressed,stubborn,headstrong,sullen,andintolerance.SheportraysthecharacterofHeathcliffjustlikeherself.ShehasinvestedthewholeherselftotheHeathcliffdevotingherstrongpassion,angerandnon-violentstruggle.WecanseethatHeathcliffisEmily'

sself-soul.

2.3Summary

Emily,whoownedaveryintrovertedcharacter,livedinanextremelysmallspaceandindulgedinfantasiestemperamentthatshegraduallyindulgedintheliteraryimaginationofitsownconstructedworld.Shesufferedfrompovertyofphysicalworldandhelplessnessofspiritualworld.Lonelinessmadeherthephysicalandemotionalworldwasfullofasenseofextremedisappointmentandshattered.

InWutheringHeights,thereisno“I”;

thereisnofamilyschoolmarmandthereisno“landlord”.Thereis“love”;

however,itisn’tthelovebetweenmanandwoman.Emilyisurgedbysomecommonviewsandsheputthemtogetherinonebookfromthedamagedworld.

Therefore,Emilydesiredtoexpressherfeelingthroughthelovetragedyofrichandintensefantasyfeatures,andexpressedherstrongdissatisfactionwithsocialreality.ThesejustcreatedtheconditionsforthebirthofWutheringHeights.

Ⅲ.Tragedy’sReason

3.1DirectReason

Theclassdifferenceisthedirectcauseoftheclasssociety,whichleadtotheirlovetragedy.Livinginthatsocietywherewasfulloftheviewofclassdifferences,CatherineandHeathcliff’stragicfatewasinevitable.Theyweredestinedtobecomethevictimsofclasssociety.

CatherineandHeathcliffhadtobeartheoppressedfromtheMansions.CatherinewasthedaughterofWutheringHeights,andHeathcliffwasagypsyboy,whowasabandonedfromhisearlyage.Theyareinthedifferentstatus.TheclassdifferenceisthefirstMansions.Catherinefailedtobreakthroughit.ThenextMansionisHindley.Hindleycoulddowhateverhewantedtodo,becauseCatherineandHeathcliffwhowerethesubordinatestatusandwereinthelowlevel.Theyhadnopropertyandnorighttochoose,therefore,inthefightagainstthetyrannyofHindley,theywereclosedtotheother.Catherinesaid,"

IamHeathcliff"

.However,inthesocietywhichfullofprejudiceandstrongsenseofclassdifferences,thiskindoflovewasfragileandCatherinerealizedtheirpoorsocialstatusandeventuallymarriedtoEdgar.

ForCatherine,theonlywayoutwastocomplywithsocialvaluesandmarriedtoamanwhohadalmostthesamestatuswithher.Shewantedtobeagoodwifeandagoodmother.SheandHeathcliff’slovewassimplynotsociallyacceptable.ForHeathcliff,inordertoraisethestatusofhisown,hecontinuedtoclimbupandcarriedoutcrazyrevengetotheEarnshawsandtheLintons,atthesametime,hebetrayedhisownneedsandaspirations,destroyinghisrelationshipwithCatherine.Therefore,wecansaythattheirloveissplitupbytheprevailingprejudicesofthebourgeoisclass.

3.2IndirectReason

3.2.1Catherine’scharacter

It’snowonderthateachherohasitsowncharacterflawsandCatherineisnotanexception.Sheismixedwithmanycharacter