中考英语最新热点阅读23 天问一号祝融号含答案Word格式文档下载.docx
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(2021年福建省厦门市海沧区中考二模英语试题)China’sMarsrover(火星车)Zhurong,namedaftertheChinesegodoffire,landedsafelyonMarsonMay15,makingChinaonlythesecondbehindtheUnitedStatestofullysucceed.
The240-kilogram,six-wheeledroverisequipped(配备)withsixscientificinstruments,givingittheappearanceofa“bluebutterfly”.UnlikePerseverance,theAmericanMarsrover,Zhurongneedssunlighttopoweritself.NowthatZhuronghasgotdownsuccessfully,itisexpectedtospendthenext90daysmappingtheareaonMars,monitoring(监测)changesinweathersuchastemperatureandsearchingforsignsofwaterice.Zhurongwillthereforehelpbuildamorecompletegeologicalpictureoftheredplanet’shistory.
Chinahassuccessfullylandedonthemoonthreetimes,andhasevenbroughtbacklunarrockstoEarth.ButlandingonMarsisevenmoredifficult.Marsexplorationisknownforitshighrisksanddifficulties,aswellastheuncertaintiesinthelong-distanceinterstellar(星际)flight.Thelandingisthemostchallengingpartofit.AroundhalfofMarsexplorationmissions(探索任务)failed,andmostofthemwentwronginthelandingprocess.AMarslandingisoftenconsideredas“thesevenminutesofterror”becausetheprocessiscompletelyautonomous.“Thedistancewastoofarawayforthespacecraftsoithastodoitallonitsown.”saidChenLan,ascientistinChina’sspaceprogram.“Ifsomethingwentwrong,peopleonearthhavenowaytohelp.”
“Marsistheplanetinoursolarsystemthatwearemostlikelytoliveinthefuture.That’swhywewanttounderstandit,”Gesaid.“ThesuccessofZhurong’slandingwilllaythefoundationforfutureMarsmissions,includingasamplereturnmissionin2030.”
1.WhichinsectdoesZhurongRoverlooklikemost?
A.
B.
C.
D.
2.TherearemanyjobsthatZhurongissupposedtodoEXCEPT________.
A.maptheMarsB.studytheweather
C.changethetemperatureD.lookforwater
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“autonomous”probablymeaninthepassage?
A.self-directedB.trustedC.man-controlledD.prepared
4.Paragraph3ismainlyaboutthe________Marsexploration.
A.historyB.challengeC.distanceD.process
5.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.
A.theAmericanroverispoweredlikeZhurongB.themissionofZhurongwilllastabout3months
C.fewMarsexplorationmissionssucceedD.wearepossibletomovetoMarsin2030
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(广东省深圳市福田区高级中学2021-2022学年七年级上学期期末英语试题)OnMay15,ZhangRongqiaowipedtearsfromhiseyesasChina’sMarsrover(巡视器)ZhuronglandedsafelyonMars.“Iwassoexcited,”saidZhang.
Asthechiefdesigner(总设计师)ofChina’sTianwenⅠMarsmission(任务),ZhangwaschosenbythejournalNatureonDec16asoneofthetop10people“whohelpedshapescience”in2021.UnderZhang,Chinamadeahugestepininterplanetary(行星向的)exploration.“IgotatasteoftheoldChinesesaying-ittakes10yearstosharpenagoodsword,”ZhangtoldNature.
IntheMarsmission,Zhangledateamofthousandsofresearchers.Theteamwasnotonlyresponsiblefortechnicalworklikelaunchesandflightcontrol,butalsoforscientificresearchonMars.
Thereweremanydifficulties.TheyknewlittleaboutthestrangeandcomplexenvironmentofMars.“Wemaynotevenknowwhatwedonotknowabout,”ZhangtoldNature.
Duringtheprocess,Zhangplayedakeypartinthedecisiontosendanorbiter(轨道飞行器),alander(着陆器)andarovertoMarstogetherinoneshipment(运输)-makingChinathefirstcountrytodoso.“That’sabigleap(飞跃)becauseChinaisdoinginasinglego(whatNASAtookdecades(数十年)todo),”saidRobertoOroseifromtheInstituteofRadioastronomyofBolognainItaly.
ZhangalsomadetheimportantdecisiontolandtheroveronUtopiaPlanitia,wheretherearespeciallandforms(地形)forscientiststostudy.Hehopesthatthemissioncandoasmuchresearchaspossibleandbringback“rich”information.
“Thebuckstopswithhim(他敢作敢当),”saidDavidFlannery,anastrobiologist(天体生物学家)atQueenslandUniversityofTechnologyinAustralia.
6.WhatisincludedintheMarsmission?
a.Launchingtherover.
b.Controllingtheflight.
c.Bringingbackspacejunk.
d.Doingscientificresearch.
A.abcB.abdC.acdD.bcd
7.WhatdoesParagraph4show?
A.ZhangandhisteamknewnothingaboutMars.B.Zhangandhisteamfacedmanychallenges.
C.ZhangwasconfidentaboutexploringMars.D.Zhangandhisteamwerenotafraidofchallenges.
8.WhatisRobertoOrosei’sopinion?
A.China’sMarsmissionwilllastfordecades.
B.ChinashorteneditsroadtoexploringMars.
C.ChinafinisheditsMarsmissionwithNASA’shelp.
D.ChinaisthefirstcountrytosendarovertoMars.
9.TheroverwassenttoUtopiaPlanitiato________.
A.avoidbadweatherB.findtreasureonMars
C.receivemessagesfromEarthD.studyspeciallandforms
10.Accordingtothestory,Zhangisconsideredasa________person.
A.decisiveB.changeableC.selflessD.humorous
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(广东省广州市铁一中学2021-2022学年八年级上学期期末英语试题)Chinahassuccessfullylandeditsrover(火星车)onMars(火星),accordingtostatemedia,becomingthesecondcountryinhistorytohavearoverontheredplanet.
Therover,Zhurong,namedafteragodoffireinChinesestory,May15th2021.
Thesix-wheelsolar-poweredZhurongroverweighsabout240kilogramsandcarriessixscientificinstruments.Itwillcarryoutathree-monthtaskinsearchoflifeonMars’surface.Itwillreceivesignals(信号)fromtheTianwen-1Marsorbiter.
Tianwen-1Marsorbiterhadspentthreemonthsinorbit(轨道)workingoutpossiblelandingsitesbeforeZhurongwassentouttothesurfaceofMars.
Tianwen-1,whosenamemeans“QuestforHeavenlyTruth”,wassentupintospacebyaLongMarch5rocketfromtheWenchangspacelaunchcenterinHainanonJuly23rdlastyear,andhassuccessfullybeenintheorbitofMarssinceFebruary2021.
11.Whatdoes“theredplanet”referto?
A.TheroverZhurong.B.Mars.
C.Wenchangspacelaunchcenter.D.Tianwen-1.
12.WhatcanwelearnabouttheroverZhurong?
A.ItisnamedafteragodoffireinChinesestory.
B.Ithasfivewheelsandisabout240kilogramsheavy.
C.ItwillstayonMarsforhalfayeartocollectinformation.
D.ItmakesChinabecomethethirdcountrytolandsomethingonMars.
13.WhenwasTianwen-1sentupintospace?
A.OnMarch5th,2020.B.OnJuly23rd,2020.C.InFebruary,2021.D.InMay,2021.
14.Accordingtothisarticle,whereisTianwen-1now?
A.Ontheearth.B.OnMars.C.InEarthorbit.D.InMarsorbit.
15.WhatisthetaskoftheroverZhurong?
A.ItwilltakephotosofTianWen1.B.Itwillcarryoutsomescientificexperiments.
C.ItwilllookforlifeonMars’surface.D.Itwillworkoutpossiblelandingsites.
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(2021·
安徽淮上·
九年级期中)Tianwen1(天问一号)—isChina’sfirstMarsprobe(火星探测器).Wheredoesthenamecomefrom?
DoyoustillrememberQuYuan,afamouspoetinancientChina?
Helovedhismotherlandverymuch.Hislongpoem“HeavenlyQuestions(天问)”expressesthecontinualhardworkandthegreatspiritoftheChinesenationtoscience.ThatiswhyTianwen1wasofficiallynamed,whichisquiteculturalandbeautiful.
OnJuly14,2020.Tianwen1arrivedattheWenchangSpaceLaunchSite(发射站)inHainanProvince.ThespaceprobeTiamwen1basedoff(发射升空)at12:
41p.m.onJuly23,2020,carryingaLongMarch5carrierrocket(长征5号运载火箭).IttookTiarwen1aboutsevenmonthstotraveltoMars.
TheChina’sMarsrover(火星车),Zhurong(祝融)movedfromislandingplatform(平台)ontothesurfaceoftheRedPlanetat10:
40a.m.onMay15th,2021,startingisexploration(探险旅程)aroundthelandingsite.
The240-kilogramrobotwassentintotheskytosurveyMars’landforms,geographysituation,andsomethingaboutwater,ice,environmentandotherphysicalfields.
BeforeTianwen1,nocountryhadevertriedtosendanorbiter(运行器),alanderandaroverinonesingleexpedition(考察)toMars.
16.WhywasthefirstMarsprobeheregiventhename.Tiamwen1?
A.BecauseofabookwrittenbyLiBai.
B.BecauseofapoemwrittenbyQuYuan.
C.Becauseofafamousscientist.
D.Becauseofawell-knownengineer.
17.WhenwasTianwen1sentintothespace?
A.0nJune23,2020.B.OnJune24,2020C.onJuly23,2020.D.0nJuly24,2020.
18.HowlongdidittakeTianwen1totraveltoMars?
A.About3months.B.About5months.C.About7monthsD.About9months.
19.WhatdoestheMarsrover,ZhurongsurveyonMars?
A.Landformsandgeographysituation.B.Somethingaboutwater,iceandenvironment.
C.Otherphysicalfields.D.Alloftheabove.
参考答案:
1.D
2.C
3.A
4.B
5.B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。
主要介绍了中国的火星车祝融号成功登陆火星,使我们成为历史上第二个在这颗红色星球上拥有火星车的国家。
1.
细节理解题。
根据“The240-kilogram,six-wheeledroverisequipped(配备)withsixscientificinstruments,givingittheappearanceofa“bluebutterfly”.”可知,祝融号火星车看起来像“蓝色的蝴蝶”。
故选D。
2.
根据“itisexpectedtospendthenext90daysmappingtheareaonMars,monitoring(监测)changesinweathersuchastemperatureandsearchingforsignsofwaterice.”可知,祝融号火星车的任务不包括改变温度。
故选C。
3.
词句猜测题。
根据“Thedistancewastoofarawayforthespacecraftsoithastodoitallonitsown.”可知,这个距离对宇宙飞船来说太远了,所以它必须自己完成。
此处autonomous指“自主的”,与self-directed同义。
故选A。
4.
主旨大意题。
根据“ButlandingonMarsisevenmoredifficult.Marsexplorationisknownforitshighrisksanddifficulties,aswellastheuncertaintiesinthelong-distanceinterstellar(星际)flight.Thelandingisthemostchallengingpartofit.”可知,但登陆火星就更困难了。
火星探索以其高风险和困难,以及长距离星际飞行的不确定性而闻名。
着陆是最具挑战性的部分。
此处第三段主要关于火星探索的挑战。
故选B。
5.
根据“NowthatZhuronghasgotdownsuccessfully,itisexpectedtospendthenext90daysmappingtheareaonMars,monitoring(监测)changesinweathersuchastemp