听力原文Word文档格式.docx

听力原文Word文档格式.docx

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tyoubealittlemorecautious?

I'

msosorry.Itwasanaccident.Noneedtobefurious!

You'

realwayssoclumsy,Jack.I'

mreallylosingmypatiencewithallthestupidmistakesyoumakearoundtheoffice.

Calmdown,Maria;

I'

llcertainlybemorecarefulnexttime.Thiswasjustanaccident.

Ifyouaren'

tmorecareful,thennexttimesomeonecouldbebadlyhurt.Oh,look!

Theglassintheboxisallbrokennow.Mr.Johnsonisgoingtoflyintoarage.

Ohno!

WhatcanIdotokeephimfromhittingtheroof?

Well,youcanbeginbyhelpingmecleanupthemessandthenhonestlytellhimaboutyourmistake.

MaybeifIoffertopayforthedamage,hewon'

tbesoangry.Whatdoyouthink?

Thatmighthelpsolvetheproblem,thoughitcouldbequiteexpensivetoreplaceit.

Well,I'

mwillingtodowhatittakestokeepMr.Johnsonfromexploding.Ineedtokeepmyjob!

Keys:

ACDCB

Task2 

causesofdepression 

Hello,everyone.TodayIinviteyoutojoinmeinanexplorationofthecausesofdepression.Therearemanyfactorsinvolved,butIbelievesomedeservespecialattention.

Hereditycertainlyplaysarole.Thetendencytodevelopdepressionmaybeinherited;

thereisevidencethatthisdisordermayruninfamilies.

Physiologyisanotherfactorrelatedtodepression.Theremaybechangesorimbalancesinchemicalswhichtransmitinformationinthebrain,calledneurotransmitters.Manymodernantidepressantdrugsattempttoincreaselevelsofcertainneurotransmitterssoastoincreasebraincommunication.Whilethecausalrelationshipisunclear,itisknownthatantidepressantmedicationsdorelievecertainsymptomsofdepression.

Researchersalsostudypsychologicalfactors.Theyincludethecomplexdevelopmentofone'

spersonalityandhowonehaslearnedtocopewithexternalenvironmentalfactors,suchasstress.Itisfrequentlyobservedthatlowself-esteemandself-defeatingthinkingareconnectedwithdepression.Whileitisnotclearwhichisthecauseandwhichistheeffect,itisknownthatsuffererswhoareabletomakecorrectionstotheirthinkingpatternscanshowimprovedmoodandself-esteem.

Anotherfactorcausingdepressionisone'

searlyexperiences.Eventssuchasthedeathofaparent,thedivorceoftheparents,neglect,chronicillness,andseverephysicalabusecanincreasethelikelihoodofdepressionlaterinlife.

Somepresentexperiencesmayalsoleadtodepression.Jobloss,financialdifficulties,longperiodsofunemployment,thelossofaspouseorotherfamilymember,orotherpainfuleventsmaytriggerdepression.Long-termstressathome,work,orschoolcanalsobeinvolved.

Itisworthnotingthatthoselivingwithsomeonesufferingfromdepressionexperienceincreasedanxiety,whichaddstothepossibilityoftheiralsobecomingdepressed.

（1）families

（2）chemicals（3）information（4）certainsymptoms（5）self-esteem（6）thinkingpatterns（7）mood（8）divorce（9）physicalabuse（10）financialdifficulties（11）stress（12）anxiety

Task3happinessindex

Australianswerethehappiestpeopleintheworldaccordingtoasurveyundertakenbytwomarketresearchers.Theyconducted

door-to-doorsurveysandinterviewswithnearly30,000peoplein30countries.Theyaskedrespondentshowsatisfiedtheywerewiththeiroverallqualityoflife.Forty-sixpercentofAustraliansproclaimedtobe"

veryhappy"

andexpressedoptimismabouttheirfuture.Followingtheminthe"

groupwastheUSA（40percent）,Egypt（36percent）,India（34percent）andtheUKandCanada（32percent）.Hungarygotthewoodenspoon,finishingbottomofthehappinesschart.Thirty-fivepercentofitscitizenssaidtheywereeither"

disappointed"

or"

veryunhappy"

followedbyRussiansat30percent.

Theresearchdemonstratedthatmoneyandagewerekeydeterminantsinhowhappypeopleare.Althoughthestudydidnotindicatemoneycouldbuyhappiness,itdidrevealalinkbetweenalackofmoneyandunhappiness.Lesshappypopulationswerefoundamonglower-incomegroupsortheunemployed.

Thestudyalsosuggestedthatonthewhole,theolderwebecome,thelesshappyweare.Globally,teenagersarethehappiestpeople.Theagegroupwiththelowestlevelsofhappinesswas50-59.Only16percentofthoseintheir50ssaidtheywereveryhappy.

Thefactorsthatmakeushappyincludegoodhealth,financialsecurityandahappymarriage.Materialcomfortssuchascars,clothesandgadgetsrankedcomparativelylow.

BDAAC

Let’sTalk

WhenIfirstmetmyparents,Iwasreallyshy,andIwas,andIwasinmyfosterhomeandIranupstairs,shy,andIwasinmybedroomcrying,andmymumcameupandsaid,"

OhWilliam,areyouOK?

"

andIignoredmymum,'

causeIdidn'

tknowherandIwasscared.So,thenmyfostermumcameupandIcamedownandwehadsomefuntime.ItwasnicewhenIfirstarrived.Ithought,"

Ohgoody,twosisters,Icanplaywiththem."

Butnowit'

sjust,"

Ohno,notthemagain!

Iarguewithoneofmysistersaboutherrabbits,'

causeshedoesn'

tletmetouchthem.Wellshedoes,but...

WhenIhaveabitofabadtimewithmysister,Igoandspeakwithmymumandmydad.Ifeelmostcomfortablespeakingtomydadaboutallmyworriesandstuff.IwishIhadabrotherinthisfamily,butthenit'

sjustnice（being...）havingtwosisters,butI'

dratherhaveabrotheranyway.Imixwithdifferentpeople.I'

mmostlyfriendswithadults,'

causeInormallyseeadultsmorethanchildrenforsomereason,Idon'

tknowwhy.Itwasscarygoingfrommyprimaryschooltosecondaryschool,butthenthat'

sjustmegrowingup,andI'

vegottotakethechancesandtake,justtakewhatI'

velearnedalreadyandjustmoveonandlearndifferentthings.

（1）shy

（2）crying（3）scared（4）camedown（5）fun（6）nice（7）twosisters（8）argue（9）touch（10）badtime（11）speak（12）comfortable（13）brother（14）adults（15）children（16）secondary（17）growing 

up（18）learn

FurtherListeningandSpeaking

Task1:

BigJohniscoming!

AbarownerintheOldWestjusthiredatimidbartender.Theowneroftheestablishmentwasgivinghisnewemployeesomeinstructionsonrunningtheplace.Hetoldthetimidman,"

IfyoueverhearthatBigJohniscomingtotown,dropeverythingandrunforthehills!

He'

sthebiggest,nastiestoutlawwho'

severlived!

Afewweekspasseduneventfully.Butoneafternoon,alocalcowhandcamerunningthroughtownyelling,"

BigJohniscomingtotown!

Runforyourlives!

Whenthebartenderleftthebartostartrunning,hewasknockedtothegroundbyseveraltownspeoplerushingoutoftown.Ashewaspickinghimselfup,hesawalargeman,almostsevenfeettall.Hewasmuscular,andwasgrowlingasheapproachedthebar.

Hesteppeduptothedoor,orderedthepoorbartenderinside,anddemanded,"

IwantabeerNOW!

Andwithonestrikeofhisheavyfist,hesplitthebarinhalf.Thebartendernervouslyhandedthebigmanabeer,handsshaking.Hetookthebeer,bitthetopofthebottleoff,anddownedthebeerinonegulp.

Astheterrifiedbartenderhidbehindthebar,thebigmangotuptoleave."

Doyouwantanotherbeer?

thebartenderaskedinatremblingvoice.

Dangit,Idon'

thavetime!

thebigmanyelled."

Igottogetoutoftown!

Didn'

tyouhearBigJohniscoming?

Reasonandemotion

Emotionissometimesregardedastheoppositeofreason,asissuggestedbyphrasessuchas"

appealtoemotionsratherthanreason"

and"

don'

tletyouremotionstakeover"

.Emotionalreactionssometimesproduceconsequencesorthoughtswhichpeoplemaylaterregretordisagreewith;

butduringanemotionalstate,theycannotcontrolthemselves.Thus,itisgenerallybelievedthatoneofthemostdistinctivefactsabouthumanbeingsisthecontradictionbetweenemotionandreason.

However,recentempiricalstudiesdonotsuggestthatthereisacleardistinctionbetweenreasonandemotion.Indeed,angerorfearcanoftenbethoughtofasaninstinctiveresponsetoobservedfacts.Thehumanmindpossessesmanypossiblereactionstotheexternalworld.Thosereactionscanlieonacontinuum,withsomeoftheminvolvingtheextremeofpureintellectuallogic,whichisoftencalled"

cold"

andothersinvolvingtheextremeofpureemotionnotrelatedtoanylogicalargument,whichiscalled"

theheatofpassion"

.Therelationbetweenlogicandemotionmeritscarefulstudy.Passion,emotion,orfeelingcanreinforceanargument,evenonebasedprimarilyonreason.Thisisespeciallytrueinreligionorideology,whichfrequentlydemandsanall-or-nothingrejectionoracceptance.Insuchareasofthought,humanbeingshavetoadoptacomprehensiveviewpartlybackedbyempiricalargumentandpartlybyfeelingandpassion.Moreover,severalresearchershavesuggestedthattypicallythereisno"

pure"

decisionorthought;

thatis,nothoughtisbased"

purely"

onintellectuallogicor"

onemotion—mostdecisionsarefoundedonamixtureofboth.

Key:

ABCCD

Task3Everycloudhasasilverlining

Pat:

Youlookdepressed.Areyoufeelingblue?

vecometocheeryouup.

Ted:

Butthere'

snothingthatcancheermeup.I'

mdowninthedumps.Life'

smiserable.

Youhavetotrytogetyourmindoffthings.

ButIcan'

t.Ijustfeelthere'

stoomuchpressureonmesometimes!

Youcan'

tletthingsgetyoudown.Learntorelaxandstopworryingallthetime.What'

syourproblemanyway?

Ifailedmylastexam,andanotherexamiscoming.WhatcanIdo?

IfIwereyou,