英语专业八级真题Word文档格式.docx
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Inthissectionyouwillhearamini-lecture.YouwillhearthelectureONCEONLY.Whilelisteningtomini-lecture,pleasecompletethegap-fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap.Makesureyoufillinisbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayusetheblanksheetfornote-taking.
YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.
Nowlistentothemini-lecture.Whenitisover,youwillbegivenTHREEminutestocheckyourwork.
SECTIONBINTERVIEW
InthissectionyouwillhearONEinterview.TheinterviewwillbedividedintoTWOparts.Attheendofeachpart,fivequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.BoththeinterviewandthequestionswillbespokenONCEONLY.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeaten-secondpause.Duringthepause,youshouldreadthefourchoicesofA),B),C)andD),andmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.
YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthechoices.
Now,listentothefirstinterview.Questions1to5arebasedonPartOneoftheinterview.
Nowlistentotheinterview.
A.Announcementofresults.
B.Lackofatimeschedule.
C.Slownessinballotscounting.
D.Directionoftheelectoralevents.
A.OthervoiceswithinAfghanistanwantedso.
B.Thedatehadbeensetpreviously.
C.Alltheballotshadbeencounted.
D.TheUNadvisedthemtodoso.
A.Tocalmthevoters.
B.Tospeeduptheprocess.
C.Tosticktotheelectionrules.
D.Tostopcomplaintsfromthelabor.
A.Unacceptable.
B.Unreasonable.
C.Insensible.
D.Illconsidered.
A.Supportive.
B.Ambivalent.
C.Opposed.
D.Neutral.
NowlisteningtoPartTwooftheinterview.Questions6to10arebasedonPartTwooftheinterview.
A.Ensurethegovernmentincludesallparties.
B.Discusswhoisgoingtobethewinner.
C.Supervisethecountingofvotes.
D.Seeksupportfromimportantsectors.
A.36%-24%.
B.46%-34%.
C.56%-44%.
D.66%-54%.
A.Bothcandidates.
B.Electoralinstitutions.
C.TheUnitedNations.
D.Notspecified.
A.Itwasunheardof.
B.Itwasonasmallscale.
C.Itwasinsignificant.
D.Itoccurredelsewhere.
A.Problemsintheelectoralprocess.
B.Formationofanewgovernment.
C.Prematureannouncementofresults.
D.DemocracyinAfghanistan.
PARTⅡREADINGCOMPREHENSION[25MIN]
SECTIONAMULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONS
Inthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbyfourteenmultiplechoicequestions.Foreachmultiplechoicequestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswerandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEETTWO.
PASSAGEONE
(1)“Britain’sbestexport,”IwastoldbytheDepartmentofImmigrationinCanberra,“ispeople.”Closeon100,000peoplehaveappliedforassistedpassagesinthefirstfivemonthsoftheyear,andhalfoftheseareeventuallyexpectedtomigratetoAustralia.
(2)TheAustralianaredelighted.TheyarekeenlywarethatwithoutastrongflowofimmigrantsintotheworkforcethedevelopmentoftheAustralianeconomyisunlikelytoproceedattheambitiouspacecurrentlyenvisaged.Thenewmineraldiscoveriespromiseasplendidfuture,andtheinjectionofhugeamountsofAmericanandBritishcapitalshouldhelptoensurethattheyareproperlyexploited,butwithunemploymentinAustraliadowntolessthanpercent,thegovernmentisunderstandablyanxioustoattractmoreskilledlabor.
(3)AustraliaisroughlythesamesizeasthecontinentalUnitedStates,buthasonlytwelvemillioninhabitants.Migrationhasaccountedforhalfthepopulationincreaseinthelastfouryears,andhascontributedgreatlytothecountry’simpressiveeconomicdevelopment.Britainhasalwaysbeentheprincipalsource–ninetypercentofAustraliansareofBritishdescent,andBritainhasprovidedonemillionmigrantssincetheSecondWorldWar.
(4)Australiahasalsogivengreatattentiontorecruitingpeopleelsewhere.Australiansdecidedtheyhadanexcellentpotentialsourceofapplicantsamongtheso-called“guestworkers”whohavecrossedtheirownfrontierstoworkinotherartsofEurope.Therewereestimatedtobemorethanfourmillionofthem,andalargenumberwereofferedsubsidizedpassagesandguaranteedjobsinAustralia.Italyhasforsomeyearsbeenthesecondbiggestsourceofmigrants,andtheAustralianshavealsomanagedtoattractalargenumberofGreeksandGermans.
(5)Onedrawbackwiththem,sofarastheAustraliansareconcerned,isthatintegrationtendstobemoredifficult.UnliketheBritish,continentalmigrantshavetostrugglewithanunfamiliarlanguageandnewcustoms.ManynaturallygravitatetowardstheItalianorGreekcommunitieswhichhavegrownupincitiessuchasSydneyandMelbourne.Thesecolonieshavetheirownnewspapers,theirownshops,andtheirownclubs.TheirhabitantsarenotAustralians,butEuropeans.
(6)Thegovernment’savowedaim,however,istomaintain“asubstantiallyhomogeneoussocietyintowhichnewcomers,fromwhateversources,willmergethemselves”.Byandlarge,therefore,AustraliastillprefersBritishmigrants,andtendstoberatherlessselectiveintheircasethanitiswithothers.
(7)Afarbiggercauseofconcernsthanthegrowthofnationalgroups,however,istheincreasingnumberofmigrantswhoreturntotheircountriesoforigin.Onereasonisthatpeoplenowadaystendtobemoremobile,andthatitiseasierthaninthepasttosavethereturnfare,buteconomicconditionsalsohavesomethingtodowithit.Aslowerrateofgrowthinvariablyproducesdiscontent–andifthiscoincideswithgreaterprosperityinEurope,alotofpeopletendtofeelthatperhapstheywerewrongtocomehereafterall.
(8)Severalsurveyshavebeenconductedrecentlyintothereasonswhypeoplegohome.Onenotedthat“flies,dirt,andoutsidelavatories”wereonthelistofcomplaintsfromBritishimmigrants,andaddedthatmanypeoplealsocomplainedabout“thecrudity,badmanners,andunfriendlinessoftheAustralians”.Anothersurveygaveclimateconditions,homesickness,and“thestarkappearanceoftheAustraliancountryside”asthemainreasonsforleaving.
(9)MostBritishmigrantsmisscouncilhousingtheNationalHealthscheme,andtheirrelativesandformerneighbor.Lonelinessisabigfactor,especiallyamonghousewives.Themensoonmakenewfriendsatwork,butwivestendtofinditmuchhardertogetusedtoadifferentwayoflife.Manyarehouseboundbecauseofinadequatepublictransportinmostoutlyingsuburbs,andregularcorrespondencewiththeiroldfriendsathomeonlyservestoincreasetheirdiscontent.Onehousewifewasquotedrecentlyassaying:
“IevenfindImissthepeopleIusedtohateathome.”
(10)Rentarehigh,andtherearelongwaitinglistsforHousingCommissionhomes.Sicknesscanbeanexpensivebusinessandtheclimatecanbeunexpectedlyrough.ThegapbetweenAustralianandBritishwagepacketsisnolongerbig,andpeoplearegenerallyexpectedtoworkharderherethantheydoathome.Professionalmenoverfortyoftenhavedifficultyinfindingadecentjob.Aboveall,perhaps,skilledimmigrantsoftenfindsaconsiderablereluctancetoaccepttheirqualifications.
(11)AccordingtothejournalAustralianManufacturer,theattitudeofmanyemployersandfellowworkersisanythingbutfriendly.“WeAustralians,”itstatedinarecentissue,“arejusttoofondofpaintingtherosypictureofthebig,warm-heartedAussie.Asamatteroffact,wearesobusyblowingourowntrumpetsthatwehavenotnottimetobewarm-heartedandconsiderate.Godown“heart-breakalley”amongsomeofthemigrantsandfindoutjusthowexpansivetheAussieistohisimmigrants.”
TheAustralianswantastrongflowofimmigrantsbecause.
Immigrantsspeedupeconomicexpansion
unemploymentisdowntoalowfigure
immigrantsattractforeigncapital
AustraliaisaslargeastheUnitedStates
AustraliaprefersimmigrantsfromBritainbecause.
theyareselectedcarefullybeforeentry
theyarelikelytoformnationalgroups
theyeasilymergeintolocalcommunities
theyarefondoflivinginsmalltowns
InexplainingwhysomemigrantsreturntoEuropetheauthor.
stressestheireconomicmotives
emphasizesthevarietyoftheirmotives
stresseslonelinessandhomesickness
emphasizesthedifficultiesofmenoverforty
whichofthefollowingwordsisusedliterally,notmetaphorically
“flow”(Para.2).
“injection”(Para.2).
“gravitate”(Para.5).
“selective”(Para.6).
Para.11picturestheAustraliansas.
unsympathetic
ungenerous
undemonstrative
unreliable
PASSAGETWO
(1)Someoftheadvantagesofbilingualismincludebetterperformanceattasksinvolving“executivefunction”(whichinvolvesthebrain’sabilitytoplanandprioritize),betterdefenseagainstdementiainoldageand—theobvious—theabilitytospeakasecondlanguage.Onepurportedadvantagewasnotmentioned,though.Manymultilingualsreportdifferentpersonalities,orevendifferentworldviews,whentheyspeaktheirdifferentlanguages.
(2)It’sanexcitingnotion,theideathatone’sveryselfcouldbebroadenedbythemasteryoftwoormorelanguages.Inobviousways(exposuretonewfriends,literatureandsoforth)theselfreallyisbroadened.Yetitisdifferenttoclaim—asmanypeopledo—tohaveadifferentpersonalitywhenusingadifferentlanguage.AformerEconomistcolleague,forexample,reportedbeingruderinHebrewthaninEnglish.Sowhatisgoingonhere
(3)BenjaminLeeWhorf,anAmericanlinguistwhodiedin1941,heldt