新概念英语语法大全Word下载.docx

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新概念英语语法大全Word下载.docx

willplay

shall

willbeplaying

willhaveplayed

willhavebeenplaying

should

wouldplay

wouldbeplaying

wouldhaveplayed

wouldhavebeenplaying

一、一般现在时:

1.构成:

使用动词原形,第三人称单数须有变化。

(1)直接加“s”,works,takes

(2)以辅音加“y”结尾,变“y”为“i”,再加“es”

carry→carries

(3)以“o,s,x,ch,sh”结尾的动词加“es”

goesdresseswatchesbrushes

2.功能:

(1)表现在的事实、状态或动作:

eg:

►.Birdsfly.

►.Shelovesmusic.

►.Mary'

sparentsgetupveryearly.

(2)表习惯性动作或职业,常与often,sometimes,usually,always,everyweek,seldom,occasionally,frequently等时间副词连用。

►.Ialwaystakeawalkaftersupper.

►.Shewritestomeveryoften.

►.Tomandhisgirlfriendgoouttotakeapicnicoccasionally.

(3)表客观真理,格言警句或事实:

►.Theearthmovesroundthesun.

►.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.

►.Twoandtwomakesfour.

►.Nomanbuterrs.人非圣贤,熟能无过。

(4)表将来:

A.在由when,after,before,as,assoonas,although,because,if,evenif,incase,till,until,unless,

solongas,where,whatever,wherever等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表将来发生的动作。

(黄金重点,所有考试都不放过它!

例如:

►.I'

lltellherwhenshecomestomorrow.

►.Evenifitrainsthisafternoon,I'

llmeetyou.

►.Whateverhappens,youshouldkeepcool-headed.(不错的句型,背下!

►.I'

llberightherewaitingforyouwhereveryougo.(很感人的句型!

B.按时间表示将要发生的动作或事件,用一般现在时表达将来时概念。

►.Theplaybeginsat6:

30thisevening.

►.Whendoestheplanetakeoff?

►.Heleavesforthatcitynextweek.

►.Accordingtothetimetable,theexpresstraintoShanghaistartsatnineinthemorning.

(按照时刻表,开往上海的特快列车早上7点出发。

测试精编

1.TheBrowns________anicecarandBrown'

sbrother________anicejeep.

A.have/haveB.has/hasC.have/hasD.has/have

2.Iftheirhouse________notlikeours,what________itlooklike?

A.is/isB.is/doesC.does/doesD.does/is

3.-________youthinkhewillcome?

-Ifit________tomorrow,hewillnotcome.

A.Do/rainsB.Are/rainsC.Do/willrainD.Are/willrain

4.Thelittlechild________notevenknowthatthemoon________aroundtheearth.

A.do/moveB.do/movesC.does/movesD.did/moved

5.Manyastudent________fondoffilms,butagoodstudentseldom________tothecinema

A.are/goesB.is/goesC.are/goD.is/go

二.现在进行时:

is/am/are+现在分词

1.表示现在正在进行的动作。

►.Thekettleisboiling.ShallImaketea?

►.Don'

tyouthinkyoueattoomuch?

You'

reputtingonweight(体重增加)。

►.Theworkersarebuildinganewbridgeacrosstheriver.

2.表现阶段正进行的动作。

►.Heistakingphysicsthissemester(本学期)。

►.Wearepreparingforourfinalexaminationthisweek.

3.go,come,leave,arrive,land,meet,die,start,return,join,etc.用于进行时态时表示即将开始的动作。

►.Look!

Thebusiscoming.看!

车来了!

►.Theoldmanisseriouslyill,andheisdying.

►.AliceisleavingforBeijingwithhermother.

4.与always,forever,continually,constantly等副词连用,表示说话人带有感情色彩:

赞赏或厌恶。

►.Heisalwaysthinkingofothers.(他总是想着别人。

►.Theboyiscontinuallymakingnoises.(这男孩不断地发出吵闹声。

►.Theteacherisconstantly(always)criticizingherforbeinglate.(老师一直在批评她迟到。

5.下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时。

(此条戒律请背10遍)

believe(相信),doubt(怀疑),see(看见),hear(听见),know(知道),understand(理解),belong(属于),think(认为),consider(认为),feel(觉得),look(看起来),seem(看上去),show(显示),mind(介意),have(有),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来),require(要求),possess(拥有),care(关心),like(喜欢),hate(讨厌),love(喜爱),detest(憎恨),desire(意欲)

【简单记忆】:

●永远不要说I'

mbelieving...或Heisseeingahouse.再简单一点说,这些动词后面不要随意加-ing.

●可怕的是:

我们在写作及口语中常犯此类大错!

●注意:

haveaparty/thinkabout可以用进行时,因为这里have意为“举行”;

think意为“考虑”。

测试精编:

1.Howcanyou________Ifyouarenot________?

A.listening/hearingB.hear/listening

C.belistening/heardD.behearing/listeningto

2.Thegirlevenwon'

thaveherlunchbeforeshe________herhomework.

A.willfinishB.isfinishing

C.hadfinishedD.finishes

3.Thosewhohaveappliedforthepost(职位)________intheoffice.(此题超前)

A.arebeinginterviewedB.areinterviewing

C.interviewingD.tobeinterviewing

4.Theoldscientist________todomoreforthecountry.

A.iswishingB.hasbeenwishing

C.wishesD.hasbeenwished

5.Ifhe________,don'

twakehimup.

A.stillsleepsB.isstillsleeping

C.stillhasbeensleepingD.willbesleepingstill

三.一般过去时。

定义动词的过去式:

1.表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间发生的动作或情况。

►.Wevisitedtheschoollastspring.

►.IwenttoschoolbybikewhenIwasinmiddleschool.

►.Chinawasfoundedin1949.

2.在表示时间或条件等的状语从句中代替过去将来时。

(参)

►.Shetoldmethatshewouldnotgowithusifitrainedthenextday.

►.Theywouldnotleaveuntilshecameback.

►.Myfriendpromisedtomarrymeonceshemadeherfinaldecision.

3.一般过去时,现在时和过去时的几组差异:

(别以为这很简单,下面的差异你不一定明白。

●Herbrotherwasachemist.(已去世)

●Herbrotherisachemist.(尚健在)

●That'

sallIhadtosay.(话已说完)

sallIhavetosay.(言之未尽)

●Itwassonicetoseeyou.(离别时用)

●Itissonicetoseeyou.(见面时用)

●Janedidalotofworkthismorning.(已是当天下午或晚上)

●Janehasdonealotofworkthismorning.(仍是上午)[本句现在完成时,此乃后话!

测试精编I:

(用所给动词的正确进态填空)。

1.YesterdayI________(think)thatyouwerenotinBeijing.

2.Aliceusually________(sit)inthefrontoftheclassroom,butshe________(sit)atthebackthismorning.

3.He________(tell)thenewstousthreedaysago.

4.He________(begin)toteachChinesein1990.5.shewouldnottelephonemeifshe________(have)notime.

测试精编II:

1.They________thetripuntiltherainstopped.

A.continuedB.didn'

tcontinue

C.hadn'

tcontinuedD.wouldcontinue

2.Thelocalpeasantsgavethesoldiersclothesandfoodwithoutwhichthey________ofhungerandcold.(without在这里表条件,你知道吗?

A.woulddieB.willdieC.wouldbedeadD.wouldhavedied

3.ItwasnotuntilthenthatIcametoknowthattheearth________aroundthesun.

A.movedB.hasmovedC.willmoveD.moves

4.Whenallthosepresent(到场者)________hebeganhislecture.(重点题)

A.sitB.setC.seatedD.wereseated

5.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhavewrittentoyou.ButinfactI________not.

A.haveB.wouldhaveC.hadD.hadhad

四.过去进行时:

were/was+现在分词。

1.表示过去某一时刻或阶段正在发生的动作。

►.Iwasplayingchessat8yesterdayevening.

►.WhenIarrived,theywerewatchingTV.

►.Theyweredoinghouseworkthistimelastweek.

2.用于条件状语从句中表示过去将来进行的动作。

►.Shetoldmetowakehimupifshewassleeping.

►.IaskedmyfriendtowarnmeaboutitaslongasIwasdrivingtoofast.

3.过去某时将发生的事。

可参考—2(4)

►.TheytoldmethattheywereleavingforNewYork.

►.HewasgoingoutwhenIarrived.

1.Mybrother________whilehe________hisbicycleandhurthimself.

A.fell/wasridingB.feel/wereriding

C.hadfallen/rodeD.hadfallen/wasriding

2.He________hislegashe________inafootballmatch.

A.broke/playedB.wasbreaking/wasplaying

C.broke/wasplayingD.wasbreaking/played

3.-Myfatherwillbeheretomorrow.-Ithoughtthathe________today.

A.wascorningB.iscoming

C.willcomeD.comes

4.Jackwasgoingoutoftheshopwhenhecollidedwithanoldwomanwho________in.

A.comeB.wascomingC.hadbeencomingD.hadcome

5.Michikecouldn'

tcometothetelephonewhenMr.Smithcalledherbecauseshe________inthelab.

A.hadbeenworkingB.hasbeenworking

C.wasworkingD.worked

五.现在完成时:

have/has+过去分词

1.表示过去所发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。

常与yet,just,before,recently,lately(最近),ever,never等表时间的副词搭配使用。

●Hehasn'

tseenherlately.

●Ihaven'

tfinishedthebookyet.

2.表示一个从过去某个时间开始,延续到现在并可能持续下去的动作,常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。

如:

sofar(迄今为止),uptillnow(直到现在),since,foralongtime(很长时间),uptopresent(直到现在),inthepast/inthelastfewyears(在过去的几年里),thesedays(目前)……

►.Hehasworkedherefor15years.

►.IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIcamehere.

►.TheforeignerhasbeenawayfromChinaforalongtime.

►.Sofar,Ihaven'

treceivedasingleletterfrommybrother.

3.某些非延续性动词(即:

动作开始便终止的动词),在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间状语搭配。

黄金要点:

I.常见的非延续动词:

die,arrive(到达),join(加入),leave(离开),go,refuse(拒绝),fail(失败),finish,buy,marry,divorce(离婚),awake(醒),buy,borrow,lend...(背三遍!

II.这类动词并非不能用现在完成时,而是不能接常由for引导的时间状语。

III.但若是用在否定句中,非延续动词的现在完成时可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。

●Shehasgoneawayforamonth.(误

●Shehasbeenawayforamonth(正)

●Themanhasdiedfortwoyears.(误)

●Themanhasbeendeadfortwoyears.(正)

●Howlonghaveyouboughtthebook?

(误)

●Howlonghaveyougotthebook.(正)

4.注意since的用法:

►.Theyhaven'

thadanytroublesincetheycamehere.

►.Ithasbeentenyearssincewemetlasttime.

►.Hehasbeenheresince1980.

►.Hehasbeenheresincetenyearsago.

5.几组对比:

HehasgonetoShanghai.他到上海去了。

HehasbeentoShanghai.他去过上海。

Shehasgone.她已走了。

Sheisgone.她缺席了。

(or她死了。

Thedoorhasbeenclosed.门关上了。

(动作)

Thedoorisclosed.门是关着的。

(状态)

1.Theprices________goingupallthetimeinthepastfewyears.

A.keepB.keptC.havekeptD.arekeeping

2.Forthewholeperiodoftwomonths,there________noraininthisarea.

A.isB.willbeC.hasbeenD.havebeen

3.TodayisJane'

sweddingday.She________John.

A.havejustmarriedwithB.wasjustmarriedto

C.hasjustbeenmarriedtoD.justhasbeenmarriedto

4.Nowondertheflowerhavewithered,they________anywaterforages.

A.hadn'

tB.haven'

tC.haven'

thadD.hadn'

thad

5.Nowadayscomputer________awideapplicationwiththedevelopmentofproductionandscience.

A.foundB.hasfoundC.findsD.hadfound

六.现在完成进行时:

have/has+been+现在分词

1.表示从过去某时开始发生,一直延续到现在且可能延续下去的动作。

(最好将此定义读

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