全国自考英语阅读二试题和答案文档格式.docx

全国自考英语阅读二试题和答案文档格式.docx

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第一部分选择题

I.ReadingComprehension（50points,2pointsforeach）

Directions:

Inthispartofthetest,therearefivepassages.Followingeachpassage,therearefivequestionswithfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD．ChoosethebestanswerandthenblackenthecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.

PassageOne

Socialanxietyisthesinglemostcommonpsychologicalproblem,accordingtothe1986resultsoftheStanfordshynessinventory,asurveyconductedbyPhilipG.Zimbardo,aprofessorofsocialpsychologyatStanfordUniversityinCalifornia.Atapartywithstrangers,forinstance,three-quartersofadultsfeelanxious.“Thebestestimateisthat40percentofallAmericanssufferfromshyness,”saysZimbardo.

Howcanyouavoidbeingnervouswhenyoumeetpeople?

Prepare.Preparationforanycommunicationsituationisamust.You’vebeeninvitedtoabigdinnerpartyintwoweeks.Youknowthatoneoftheotherguestsisapolitician.Scanthenewspapersandmagazines;

listentonewscastsfortopicsofconversationinpoliticalareas.Thenattheparty,pretendyou’reaninterviewerontalkshow.Thinkofquestionstoaskwhatcan’tbeansweredyesorno.“Inyouropinion,who...”“Whatdoyouthinkof...”Keepthemomentumgoing.

Whetheryou’redeliveringaspeech,approachingyourbossforaraiseoranimportantsocialoccasion,doyourhomework.Themostpolished,smoothlydelivered,spontaneous-soundingtalksaretheresultofmanyhoursofwork.Thememorableone-linersandmovingphrasesthatgodowninhistorydon’tcomefromlast-minuteburstsofinspiration.

Ifyou’remakingapresentationofanysort,beginpreparingasfaraheadoftimeaspossible.“Goodwriting,”saysHarvardUniversityhistorianRichardMarius,“isakindofwrestlingwiththought.”Beginthewrestlingmatchearly.Twodaysbeforeyourpresentationisusuallytoolatetogointotheringandcomeupwithawinningidea.

“Tocommunicate,”saysNewYorkTimescolumnistWilliamSafire,“putyourthoughtsinorder,givethemapurpose;

usethemtopersuade,toinstruct,todiscover,toseduce.”

Prepareyourselfaswellasyourmaterial,givingspecialattentiontoyourvoice.Ashrill,nasaltonestrikesyourlistenerslikechalkscreechingonablackboard.Byputtingenergyandresonanceintoyourvoice,youwillhaveapositiveeffect.Ifyourvoiceistimidorquiverswithnervousness,yousenseit,theaudiencehearsit,andyouseediscomfortintheireyes.Withenergyandenthusiasminyourvoicethelistenerssayahhh,tellmemore.Youreadapproval.

Likeyourvoice,yourappearanceisacommunicationtool.Forexample,ifyouareanimated,youaremostlikelytoseeanimatedlisteners.Yougivetheaudiencethemessage:

I’mgladI’mhere;

I’mgladyou’rehere.

Yourapproachcan,infact,beapowerfulweaponfordeflectinghostility-fromanaudience,aninterviewer,anemployer.AbenevolentaspectsaysIunderstandandconveysgoodwillandpositiveexpectations.Itworks.

Questionsl-5arebasedonPassageOne.

1.Accordingtoparagraph2,onecanavoidshynesswhiletalkingtoapoliticianatapartyby______.

A.listeningtohistalkB．readingnewspaperstohim

C.preparinginaadvanceD．askinghimhardquestions

正确答案：

C（2分）

2.Inparagraph3theauthorsuggeststhatwedoourhomeworkforanimportantsocialoccasionbecause______.

A.onlycarefulpreparationcanmakeourtalkspolished

B．homeworkcanhelpuslearnfromourownmistakes

C.weneedinspirationformemorableandmovingtalks

D．itisnecessarytoavoidharshcriticismfromthesupervisors

A（2分）

3.Basedonparagraph4,whenshouldyoubeginthepreparationforapresentation?

A.Twodaysaheadoftime.B．Asearlyaspossible.

C.Whenyouareclearheaded.D．Whenyouarenotbusy.

B（2分）

4.Accordingtoparagraph6,whatkindofvoiceislikelytowintheaudience’sapproval?

A.Anasaltone.B．Ashrilltone.

C.Aquiveringtone.D．Anenergetictone.

D（2分）

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardovercomingnervousness?

A.Critical.B．Negative.

C.Suspicious.D．Positive.

PassageTwo

Howmanylanguagesdoyouspeak?

One,maybe,two,yousay?

Wrong!

IfyouspeakEnglish,youusewordsfromatleast35foreignlanguages.Surprised?

Youshouldn’tbe.TimMorrisisanEnglishprofessorattheUniversityofTexas,Arlinton.HesaysthatwhenwespeakEnglish,weareusingbitsandpiecesofmanylanguages.Scholarsestimatethatone-thirdoftheworld’slanguagesareofIndo-Europeanorigin.TheseincludeEnglish,French,Latin,German,Dutch,Celtic,andSlavictongues.BackaroundAD450,whenJuliusCaesarwasalive,Englishasweknowdidn’texist.Englishisrelativelyyoung.Itsrootsgobackl,500yearstoBritain.PeopletherespokeCeltic.ThencameAnglo-Saxoninvaders.“TheseconquerorsspokelanguagescloselyrelatedtoolderformsofDutch.”Morrissays.Dutchwordslike“woord”,“gas”and“man”,becametheEnglishequivalents“word”,“grass”and“man”.Anglo-Saxon“Anglish”became“English”.

Butourstorydoesn’tendthere.Englishcontinuedtogrowandchange.WhenNormanFrenchinvadedBritainin1066,theEnglishvocabularygotanenormousboost.ScholarssaythatnearlyhalfofallEnglishwordsareFrenchintheirorigin.Wordslikeart,orange,taxi,treeandsurpriseareafewexamples.WhenEnglishcolonistscametoAmericainthe1700s,theyencounterednativeAmericansandtheirlanguages.Wordslikewigwam,teepee,chipmunk,possum,andtomahawksettledintothecolonists’vocabulary.

Centurieslater,intheearly1900s,immigrantsstreamedtoAmerica’sshores.Italianstaughtustosaybroccoli,macaroni,opera,andstudio.Spanishspeakersaddedmosquito,mustang,tortilloa,andalligator.Bagel,kosher,andpastramicamefromthosewhospokeYiddish.Andyam,gorilla,andjitterbugweretakenfromAfricanlanguages.

It’simpossibletosayexactlyhowbigtheEnglishlanguageis.Evencountingallthewordsinadictionarywon’tgiveyouanaccuratefigure.Butyoumaybeinterestedtoknowthatcollege-sizeeditionslikeMerriam-Webster’s10thCollegiatecontainabout90,000“headwords”.Headwordsaremainentriesinboldprint.Underaheadwordarepluralsandvariousformsofthatword,alongwithdefinitions.Inalargedictionary,liketheOxfordEnglishDictionary,aremorethan250,000headwords.SomesaythetruenumberofEnglishwordsistwiceofthat.That’salotofwords!

Butevenahighlyeducatedpersonusesonlyabout10%ofthem.

Questions6-10arebasedonPassageTwo.

6.Fromthepassageweknowthat______.

A.EnglishbelongstoSino-Tibetanfamily

B．EnglishbelongstoIndo-Europeanfamily

C.EnglishwasspokenbypeoplebeforeAD450

D．EnglishwasspokenbytheAnglo-Saxoninvaders

7.Accordingtothepassage,theoriginofEnglishcanbedatedbackto______.

A.thelate1700sB．theyear1066

C.theearly1900sD．1,500yearsago

8.Ofthefollowingwords,______isofYiddishorigin.

A．kosherB．tortilloa

C.possumD．woord

9.Alargedictionary,liketheOxfordEnglishDictionary,______.

A.tellsthetruenumberofEnglishwords

B．gives250,000headwordswithoutdefinition

C.failstotellthetruenumberofEnglishwords

D．failstogivethepluralorsingularformofheadwords

10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Inthemid-1900s,ItalianimmigrantsstreamedtoAmerica.

B．It’squitecommontocomeacrossanItalianwordinEnglish.

C.One-thirdofEnglishwordsareborrowedfromotherlanguages.

D．NativeAmericanlanguagesfailedtoexertanyinfluenceonEnglish.

PassageThree

Theestimatesofthenumberofhome-schooledchildrenvarywidely.TheU.S.DepartmentofEducationestimatesthereare250,000to350,000home-schooledchildreninthecountry.Home-schooladvocatesputthenumbermuchhigherataboutamillion.

Manypublicschooladvocatestakeaharshattitudetowardhomeschoolers,perceivingtheiractionsastheultimateslapinthefaceforpubliceducationanddamagingmoveforthechildren.Homeschoolersharborfewkindwordsforpublicschools,chargingshortcomingsthatrangefromlackofreligiousperspectiveinthecurriculumtoaherdlikeapproachtoteachchildren.

Yet,aspublicschoolofficialsrealizetheystandlittletogainbyremaininghostiletothehome-schoolpopulation,andashomeschoolersrealizetheycanreapbenefitsfrompublicschools,thesehardlinesseemtobesofteningabit.Publicschoolsandhomeschoolershavemovedclosertotoleranceand,insomecases,evencooperation.

JohnMarshall,aneducationofficial,says,“Wearebecomingrelativelytolerantofhomeschoolers.”Theideais,“Let’sgivethekidsaccesstopublicschoolsothey’llseeit’snotasterribleasthey’vebeentold,andthey’llwanttocomeback.”

Perhaps,butdon’tcountonit,sayhome-schooladvocates.Homeschoolersopposethesystembecausetheyhavestrongconvictionsthattheirapproachtoeducation-whetherfueledbyreligiousenthusiasmortheindividualchild’sinterestsandnaturalpace—isbest.

“Thebulkofhomeschoolersjustwanttobeleftalone,”saysEngeCannon,associatedirectoroftheNationalCenterforHomeEducation.Shesays，“Homeschoolerschoosethatpathforavarietyofreasons,butreligionplaysarole85percentofthetime.”

ProfessorVanGalenbreakshomeschoolersintotwogroups.Somehomeschoolerswanttheirchildrentolearnnotonlytraditionalsubjectmatterbutalso“str