高中英语 Unit2 Growing pains语法 定语从句讲练2牛津译林版必修1Word格式文档下载.docx
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Ican’timaginethereasonwhyheturneddownmyoffer.
可用forwhich代替
（一）基本用法
关系副词起连接主句和从句的作用，又在从句中作状语，when,where和why分别表示时间，地点和原因。
1.when
在从句中作时间状语。
常用onwhich,inwhich,atwhich,duringwhich等代替。
e.g.Aprilthefirstisthedaywhenpeoplemakefunofothers.
=Aprilthefirstisthedayonwhichpeoplemakefunofothers.
2.where
在从句中作地点状语。
常可由inwhich,onwhich,atwhich,onwhich等取代。
e.g.Thisisthehousewherehelivedtwoyearsago.
=Thisisthehouseinwhichhelivedtwoyearsago.
3.why
why在定语从句中作原因状语。
可用forwhich代替。
why不可引导非限定性定语从句，此时可用forwhich代替。
e.g.Thisisthereasonwhyhewentaway.
=Thisisthereasonforwhichhewentaway.
（二）关系副词常可用“介词+关系代词”的结构改写
这里的关系代词只限于which和whom，例如
1IwillneverforgetthenightwhenImetyouforthefirsttime.
=IwillneverforgetthenightonwhichImetyouforthefirsttime.
2ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.
=ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.
3Wedon’tknowthereasonforwhichhesuddenlyfellill.
=Wedon’tknowthereasonwhyhesuddenlyfellill.
注意：
并不是所有的介词+关系代词的结构都可用关系副词替代。
e.g.Iamveryimpressedbythewayinwhichheworks.
这里inwhich代表的是intheway,在句中作方式状语。
只有当介词+关系代词结构作表示时间、地点和原因的状语时，才能相应地用when,where和why代替。
（三）如何判断是用关系代词还是关系副词
这本质上取决于关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中充当的成分。
前者充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，后者充当状语。
试比较下面两组句子：
1Thisisthefactorythat/whichproducesradios.
Thisisthefactorywhereradiosareproduced.
第一句中划线部分在从句中作主语，故而应选用关系代词：
Thefactoryproducesradios.
而第二句中划线部分在从句中作地点状语故而应选用关系副词：
Radiosareproducedinthefactory.
2Doyourememberthedays（that）wespenttogether?
Doyourememberthedayswhenweworkedtogether?
第一句中关系代词在从句中作宾语：
Wespentthedaystogether.而第二句中关系副词作时间状语：
Weworkedtogetherduringthedays.
（四）一些需要特殊记忆的关系词的用法
1.Idon’tlikethewayinwhichhelookatpeople.
当先行词是way时，除了inwhich，还可以用that来引导定语从句。
that还经常省略。
e.g.Judgingfromthewayhewalked,Ibelievehewaswoundedintheleg.
2.Finallycamethedaywhenhehadtoleavehishometown.
当先行词为time,moment,day等，并在从句中作状语时，从句也可以用that引导，that也常省略。
又如：
①Itwasthefirsttime（that）wehadstayedupsolate.
②Themoment（that/when）hesentthemail,Johnrealizedwhatamistakehehadmade.
③ShewastheonlygirlIwentsteadywithduringthefouryears（that/when）Iwasatuniversity.
三、关系副词的省略：
1.thetime,everytime,eachtime,themoment等后的关系副词可以省略。
e.g.Bythetime（when）hewasfourteenyearsold,JimhadlearntmorethantwothousandEnglishwords.
2.在某些表示地点的名词后，关系副词有时也可以省略。
如theplace等。
e.g.Thisistheplace（where）Isawhimlasttime.
3.先行词thereason后面的关系副词可以省略。
e.g.Thereason（why）hecamehereisquiteclear.
4.当先行词是way时，关系副词常常省略。
e.g.Iknowtheway（that）helearnsEnglish.
四、判断关系代词与关系副词的方法：
1.用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。
及物动词后面没有宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；
而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。
判断下列句子的对错
（×
）ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.
）IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.
（√）Thisisthemountainvillage（which）Ivisitedlastyear.
（√）I'
llneverforgetthedays（which）Ispentinthecountryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where,when联系在一起。
此两题错在关系词的误用上。
2.准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也就能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysage?
A.where B.that C.onwhich D.theone
例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.
A.where B.that C.onwhich D.theone
答案：
例1D，例2A
例1变为肯定句：
Thismuseumis___youvisitedafewdaysago.
例2变为肯定句：
Thisisthemuseum___theexhibitionwasheld.
在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where,that,onwhich都不能起到宾语的作用，只有theone既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。
而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因inthemuseum词组，可用介词in+which引导地点状语。
而此题中，介词on用的不对，所以选A。
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who,whom,that,which,whose）；
先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词（where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语）。
语法知识拓展
（一）选择适当的关系代词或关系副词把下列句子补充完整。
1.Hisfatherdiedintheyear_________hewasborn.
2.Heisunlikelytofindtheplace_________helivedfortyyearsago.
3.Doyouremembertheday_________youjoinedourclub?
4.RecentlyIboughtabeautifulvase_______pricewasquitereasonable.
5.Thereason_______Icamehereistogetyourhelp.
6.Igotthebookinasmallbookstore,thenameof______Icannotremember.
7.Iwillneverforgettheday______wefirstmet.
8.Isthisthefactory_______youonceworkedfor?
9.Isthatthereason_______hegaveforhisterriblebehavior?
10.Thekindgirl_______sharedherumbrellawithmethismorningturnedouttobemyboss.
（二）用定语从句合并下列句子
1.Bamboogrowswellintheseplaces.
It’swarmandwetallyearroundintheseplaces.
__________________________________________________________________
2.Shallwegoshoppingthisweekend?
I’llhavefinishedallmyworkbythen.
3.Sandyisnotaverypopularsinger,becauseofhisstrangeway.
Hedancesinastrangeway.
4.Isthereanyreason?
Theydon’tagreewitheachotheronanything.
5.HowcanIforgetthatbirthday?
Iwascaughtcheatingonthatday.
__________________________________________________________________
（三）单项填空
1.DoyouknowthereasonTomdidn’teyesterday?
A.whichB.whyC.whoD.that
2.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown______hegrewupasachild.
A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when
3.Isthisthereasonshegavefornotfinishingherhomeworkyesterday?
A.whyB.forwhichC.thatD.towhich
4.Afterthewar,anewschoolwasputup______therehadoncebeenatheatre.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
5.Doyouknowthereason______shegotsoangryyesterday?
A.whyB.thatC.whichD.whom
6.Doyoubelievethereason______hegaveforhisbeinglate?
A.whyB.forwhichC.whichD.it
7.Hehasgothimselfintoadangeroussituation______heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.
A.whereB.whichC.whileD.when
8.Idon’tliketheway_____youspeaktoher.
A.whichB./C.ofwhichD.bywhich
9.Theoldmantoldus_____thedays______hewaspoorweregone.
A.that,whenB.what,whenC.when,thatD.something,that
10.Ishallneverforgettheday____ShenzhouVwaslaunched,____hasagreat
effectonmylife.
A.when;
which
B.that;
C.which;
that
D.when;
that
11.Iwalkedinthegarden,____TomandJimweretyingabigstringontooneof
the
trees.
A.which
B.when
C.where
D.that
12.Let'
sputoffthepicnicuntilnextweek,______theweathermaybebetter.
A.as
B.then
C.if
D.when
13.Wearelivinginanagemanythingsaredoneonputer.
A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when
14.
Winter
is
time
of
year
_____
days
are
short
and
nights
long.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
when
D.
whose
15.Is
there
anyone
in
your
class
family
city?
B.
what
D.
who
16.Can
you
suggest
a
______
we
can
meet?
A.
where
how
17.These
spent
together
cannot
be
easily
forgotten.
C.
on
D.
at
18.Nearly
all
food
es
from
animals
plants.
eat
B.
eaten
eats
19.This
I
do
for
right
now.
as
20.I
still
remember
sitting-room
my
mother
used
to
sit
evening.
21.On
train
saw
student
thought
was
sister.
whom
22.Egypt
country
famous
its
pyramids.
23.China
he
best
part
his
life.
24.Have
got
anything
belongs
me?
25.Thisisthemagazine_____Icopiedtheparagraph.
A.thatB.whichC.fromthatD.fromwhich
26.I
didn’t
like
way
she
treatedchildren.
27.Heistheonlyoneofthethree_____gotthenewidea.
A.whohave B.whomhaveC.whohas D.whosehad
28.Theboss_____departmentMsKingworkedtenyearsagolookdownuponwomen.
A.inwhich B.inthat C.inwhoseD.whose
29.Alecaskedthepoliceman_____heworkedtocontacthimwhenevertherewasanaccident.
A.withhim
B.who
C.withwhom
D.whom
30.It
our
college
library
borrowed
novel.
D.
（四）改错
1.Isthisthemuseumtheonetheexhibitionwash
升级会员 