学会运用亮点词语Word下载.docx
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thaveenoughfinancialsupport,you’dbetterstudyathomesincewhatcountsisnotwhereyoustudy,butwhatyoulearnandhowyoulearn.
二、主动变被动
1.TheemployeeselectedMr.Lichairmanofthecommitteelastweek.
→Mr.Liwaselectedchairmanofthecommitteetheemployeeslastweek.
2.NowhowtoimprovetheirEnglishispaidmoreattentiontobycollegestudents.
→NowcollegestudentspaymoreattentiontohowtoimprovetheirEnglish.
三、非谓语动词变换
1.非谓语动词和定语从句
Thelawcanpunishthosewhoproduceorsellfakecommodities.
→Thelawcanpunishthoseproducingorsellingfakecommodities.
2.非谓语动词和状语从句
1)Studentsmustlearntokeepsafeinpublicplaceswhiletheytakepartinactivities.
→Studentsmustlearntokeepsafeinpublicplaceswhiletakingpartinactivities.
2)Becauseoneofmyparentsislaidoff,myfamilycan’tpossiblyaffordallmyexpensesatcollege.
→Withoneofmyparentsbeinglaidoff,myfamilycan’tpossiblyaffordallmyexpensesatcollege.
3.非谓语动词和状语从句
Itisnotcommonthatweseethatstudentswithhighscoresinschooldisplaypoorconpetencewhendoingpracticaljobs.
→Itisnotcommontoseestudentswithhighscoresinschooldisplaypoorconpetencewhendoingpracticaljobs.
四、松散句和掉尾句
松散句:
Wehavetocommunicatewiththemfromtimetotimeifwedon’twanttobeforgottenbyourfriends.
表达主要信息的主句在前
掉尾句:
Ifwedon’twanttobeforgottenbyourfriends,wehavetocommunicatewiththemfromtimetotime.
表达主要信息的主句在后
优化:
Thatlivingtogetheroffersanexcellentchanceofcooperationisoneincomparableadvantage.Planningapartysingle-handedlymaybeaboringanddifficultjob.Ourroommates’shelpmakesitenjoyableandeasy.Wemaydoanythingperfectly,combiningeverymember’switandtalenttogether.
→Oneincomparableadvantageisthatlivingtogetheroffersanexcellentchanceofcooperation.Planningapartysingle-handedlymaybeaboringanddifficultjob.Ourroommates’shelpmakesitenjoyableandeasy.Combiningeverymember’switandtalenttogether,wemaydoanythingperfectly.
五、强调句和倒装句
1.Themoneyfromparentsandotherfamilymembersmainlysupportsus.
→Itisthemoneyfromparentsandotherfamilymembersthatmainlysupportsus.
2.Thewhiteballomflewhigherandhighertillitvanishedintheclouds.
→Higherandhigherflewthewhiteballomtillitvanishedintheclouds.
六、比较句型
一)表示相似性
1.Justasfoodisnecessarytolife,soarebookstoourspirit.
2.Peoplewhoarefinanciallydependentwillbebulliedbytherichones.Andthesameistruewithcountries.
3.Ifyouarefriendlytoothers,theywillholdhospitableattitudetowardsyouandviceversa.
二)表示差异性
1.Heisnotyurfriend.Itisjusttheotherwayround.Heisyourrival.
2.Hischaracterisdifferentfromhisbrotherinthatheisintrovert(内向).
一、用词准确贴切
1.认证辨析同义词
Sotherearisestheproblem/question:
whatshouldwedotogetridofthewrongattitudetowardsthemigrantworkers?
2.恰当使用限定词,以避免观点的绝对化,从而提高说服力和可信度。
May,perhaps,mainly,commonly,mayaswell
Typically,peopleprefertosay“yes”whentheyshouldsay“no”.
3.注意词语的习惯搭配
Thetrafficinmanybigcitiesisgettingmoreandmorecrowded.
Thetrafficinmanybigcitiesisgettingheavierandheavier.
4.避免生造词语
TobeathreegoodstudentisalwaysasymbolofachievementfortheChinesestudents.
Tobeanall-roundstudentisalwaysasymbolofachievementfortheChinesestudents.
二、用词形象生动
1.选用具体明确的词
1)Noonesawthebankbeingbrokeninto.
Noonewitnessedthebankbeingbrokeninto.
2)Piracyhasbecomeaphenomenonthatcanbeseeneverywhere.
Piracyhasbecomeaprevailingphenomenon.
2.利用不同的词类
Thesenovelsarewritteninplainlanguagesothateveryonecanreadwhentheywanttoentertainorrelaxthemselves.
Thesenovelsarewritteninplainlanguagesothateveryonecanreadforentertainmentortelaxation.
3.动态动词的使用
具体动作的动态动词往往比be,therebe,make,need等动词更有活力。
Therearevariousansweresamongdifferentgroupsofpeople.
Answersvaryamongdifferentgroupsofpeople.
三、避免重复和口语化
1.避免重复
写作中应尽量在此时做到言简意赅。
另外,要有意识地使用同义词、同根词、上义词或下义词来取代上文中出现的词汇。
Withthepublicationofthenovel,hebecamefamousasthegreatestwriterlivingthen,andhehasbeenmoreandmorefamousasamajorAmericanauthoreversince.HeisnowalsobecomingmoreandmorefamouswithChinesereaders.
Withthepublicationofthenovel,hebecamefamousasthegreatestwriterlivingthen,andhisreputationasamajorAmericanauthorhasbeenontheincreaseeversince.HeisnowalsobecomingmoreandmorepopularwithChinesereaders.
2.避免口语话
写作时要避免使用口语化的词汇和方言俚语。
Ifyoudon’tstudyhard,youwilleatit(忍受)onthetest.
Ifyoudon’tstudyhard,youwillfailonthetest.
四、注意过渡衔接
为了能够使文章主题明确、线索明了、浑然一体,句与句之间需要一定的连接手段,最常见的就是使用过渡性词语。
魔鬼训练:
设计亮点
练习一句子单词练习
1.Nuclearproliferationisalwaysthetopproblemtheparticipantshavetodiscussatthiskindofmeet.(用近义词替换)
2.EatingdumplingsontheEveofLunarNewYearsisanationalhabitinChina.(同上)
3.Thefirstappearancewilldeterminetheapplicant’sfate.(插入moreoftentheannot)
4.Asweallknow,thepopulationofChinaisbecomingmoreandmore.(纠正搭配错误)
5.Thepopularofthebeautyindustryisbecauseofthefollowingreasons.(同上)
6.Womenhavestillnoequalrightsinthesociety.(用更具体的、更具动态的动词替换)
7.Pleasegiveyourhandtothisgirl,helphertopassthemostdifficultperiodinherlife,andtrytomakeherfinancialandmentalburdenlessandless.(用更具动态的动词换)
8.Afterwehaveobservedthemcarefullyandanalyzedthemcritically,wemayiderntifytheconceptionsthatwillactuallycontributetothesocialdevelopment.(其他词性改写)
9.Weshouldtaketheresponsibilityofprotectingourenvironment.(更具动态的动词替换)
10.Itisillegalunderthelawtomanufactureandsellfakecommodities.(避免啰嗦)
参考答案
1.issue(指重要的议题或争论点,二problem指实际存在或需要解决的问题)
2.custom(值较大的社会群体的传统习惯,二habit则指个人或较小群体的习惯)
3.Thefirstappearancemoreoftenthannot(加上限定词后,更加严谨,更具说服力)
4.thepopulation…increasinglylarge(形容人口不用many,而用large)
5.isduetothefollowingreasons(because和reason一般不能够搭配使用)
6.denied/enjoy(enjoy和deny比have更加具体也更具有动态效果,表达更加生动)
7.relieve(比make更具有动态效果,表达更加生动)
8.Throughcarefulobservationandcriticalanalysis(将原来的“动词+副词”结构改成“形容词+抽象名词”结构,摆脱了汉语思维,更加生动地道,更简洁)
9.shoulder(比take要生动形象)
10.illegal(本身就表示“不合法的”)
二、改文训练一
改文训练一
MyPreferredTypeofFriends
1.有的人喜欢与自己完全相同的人做朋友;
有的人则喜欢结交志同道合的人做朋友
2.比较交这两类朋友的好处
3.你喜欢交哪类朋友,说明理由。
8分作文
(1)Friendshipisveryimportant.
(2)However,wecan’tmakefriendswitheverybody.(3)Somepeoplelikesamefriends.(4)Somepeoplelikedifferentfriends.
(5)Samefriendsareverybeneficialtous.(6)Theyhavemanysameinterests,hobbiesandexperienceswithus.(7)Andtheyhavesamefeelingswithus.(8)Thesefriendsalsooftenknowhowtokeepuseachother’strust.(9)Andtheyknowthewaytoavoidprobablefriction.
(10)However,differentfriendsalsobringusmanyadvantages.(11)Ifweoftencontactdifferentfriends,itcanmakeyourworldoutlookbroad.(12)Besides,differentfriendscanleadtonewrisk.(13)Differentfriendscanshowyounewroadsinlife.
(14)Iliketomakesamefriends.(15)Foronething,thesamefeaturesbringfriendstogether.(16)Foranother,samefriendshavesamecharacters,hobbiesandsocialbackgroundswithus,sotheycanunderstandusbetter.(17)Ibelievethatifonemakesmorefriendshelikes,hewillgetmorehelpandmorepleasure.
14分作文
(1)(Friendshipisveryimportant.)Friendshipisoneoftheeternalthemesintheliteratureofalllanguages.
(2)However,(wecan’tmake)friendswitheverybody.Itisimpossibleforustomake…(3)Somepeoplelike(same)familiarfriends.(4)Whileothersprefer(Somepeoplelike)differentfriends.
(5)(Samefriendsareverybeneficialtous.)Undoubtedly,itisverybeneficialforustomakesimilarfriends.First,(6)(Theyhavemanysameinterests,hobbiesandexperienceswithus.(7)Andtheyhavesamefeelingswithus.)Theycanshareourfeelingssincetherearemanycommoninterests,hobbiesandevenexperiencesbetweenus.(8)(Thesefriendsalsooftenknowhowtokeepuseachother’strust.)Second,similarfriendsalwaysknowhowtomaintainourmutualtrustand(9)(Andtheyknowthewaytoavoidprobablefriction.)howtoavoidpotentialfrictionbetweenus.
(10)However,differentfriends(also)equallybringusmanyadvantages.(11)(Ifweoftencontactdifferentfriends,itcanmakeyourworldoutlookbroad.)Frequentcontactwithdifferentfriendsbroadensourworldoutlook.(12)Besides,differentfriendscannotonlyleadtonew(risk)advantures.(13)(Differentfriendscanshowyounewroadsinlife.)butalsoshowyounewavenuesinlife.
(14)(Iliketomakesamefriends.)Weighingupthesetwoarguments,Iprefertohavesimilarfrends.(15)Foronething,(thesamefeatures)itisthesimilaritythatbringsfriendstogether.