动词不定式用法解析及练习题文档格式.docx
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Whatdoyouliketodobesidesswim?
除了游泳你还喜欢做什么?
（5）为了避免重复,不定式可省去to。
I’mreallypuzzledwhattothinkorsay.对于想什么或说什么,我真的很困惑。
二、不定式的时态
不定式常用的时态有一般时、完成时、进行时和完成进行时四种,常用的为前三种。
1.一般时
动词不定式的一般式表示不定式的动作或状态与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或在之后发生。
Iplantoattendthemeeting.我计划参加这次会议。
2.完成时
不定式的完成式表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.很抱歉让你久等了。
3.进行时
不定式的进行式表示不定式的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。
Theyaresaidtobeworkinghard.据说他们工作得很努力。
4.完成进行时
不定式的完成进行式表示不定式的动作在谓语动词之前已经发生,并且一直进行着。
Heissaidtohavebeenworkinginthatfactoryfortwelveyears.据说他已在那家工厂工作12年了。
三、动词不定式在句中的作用
1.作主语
Toliveistowork.生活就是工作。
Tosavetimeistolengthenlife.节约时间就等于延长了人的生命。
不定式结构作主语时,现代英语倾向于采用it作形式主语,而把不定式结构后置的形式。
ItisimportantforstudentstostudyEnglish.学好英语对学生来说是很重要的。
2.作定语
（1）不定式作定语,要放在它所修饰的名词或代词的后面。
Ihavenothingtosayonthisquestion.对这个问题我无可奉告。
（2）如果不定式是不及物动词,后面就应有必要的介词。
Givemeapieceofpapertowriteon.给我一张纸写字。
（3）有些名词常可用不定式作定语。
Ourteacherhadnotimetothinkaboutrest.我们老师根本没时间考虑休息一下。
3.作宾语
Iwishtobeacollegestudent.我希望成为一名大学生。
有的及物动词要求跟复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）。
如果其中的宾语是不定式短语,则必须将形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上,而将不定式短语（真正的宾语）放在宾语补足语之前。
IfinditusefultolearnEnglishwell.我发现学好英语很有用。
4.作宾语补足语
动词不定式作宾语补足语是动词不定式用法的一个重点,学习时要注意以下三种情况。
（1）作动词ask,like,tell等的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to不可以省略。
HeaskedmetotalkaboutEnglishstudy.他请我谈谈英语学习。
（2）作使役动词let,have,make以及感官动词feel,hear,see,watch等的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to要省略。
Theteachermadehimsaythewordlikethis.老师让他像这样说这个单词。
（3）作动词help的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to可以带,也可以不带。
Couldyouhelpme（to）carrytheheavybox?
你能帮我搬这个重箱子吗?
5.作状语
动词不定式及其短语具有副词的特性,可在句中作状语。
（1）作目的状语。
Hestoppedtohavearest.他停下来休息。
（2）作结果状语。
Hewokeuptofindeverybodygone.他醒来发现大家都走了。
（3）在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后作原因状语。
I’msorrytohearyourgrandmaisill.
听到你奶奶生病真遗憾。
（4）在带有enough或too的句子里作状语,表程度。
Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他到了上学年龄了。
（5）强调动词不定式所表示的目的时,动词不定式可用inorderto或soasto+动词原形,soasto不用于句首。
Thebusstoppedsoastopickuppassengers.公共汽车停下来以便接乘客。
1.Theteachertoldthem________makesomuchnoise.
A.don’t
B.not
C.willnot
D.not
2.Ourmasteroftentoldus_______thingsforgranted.A.nottohave
B.nottotake
C.didn’ttake
D.nottomake
3.Tellhim_______thewindow.
A.toshutnot
B.nottoshut
C.tonotshut
D.notshut
4.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim______.
A.notto
B.nottodo
C.notdoit
D.donotto
5.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter________afterdrinking.A.nevertodrive
B.toneverdrive
C.neverdriving
D.neverdrive
6.Thepatientwaswarned_______oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnot
B.eatingnot
C.nottoeat
D.noteating
7.Theworkerswantus________togetherwiththem.
A.work
B.working
C.towork
D.worked
8.Theywouldnotallowhim________acrosstheenemyline.A.toriskgoing
B.riskingtogo
C.forrisktogo
D.riskgoing
9.Isawhim_______outoftheroom.
A.go
B.hadgone
C.hasgone
D.goes
10.Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher_______upfromchildhood.
A.grow
B.grew
C.wasgrowing
D.togrow
11.I’veheardhim_______aboutyouoften.A.spokeB.speaksC.speak
12.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister_______,todayhewasmade______byhislittlesister.
A.cry;
tocry
B.crying;
crying
C.cry;
cry
D.tocry;
13.Hewasmade_________.A.goB.goneC.goingD.togo
14.Johnwasmade_______thetruckforaweekasapunishment.A.towash
B.washing
C.wash
D.tobewashing
15.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade_______.Healwaysworkshard.A.learn
B.tolearn
C.learned
D.learning
16.There’resomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcan’tmakeupmymind_______tobuy.
A.what
B.which
C.how
D.where
17.Thereisn’tanydifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow_________.
A.wheretochoose
B.whichtochoose
C.tochoosewhat
D.tochoosewhich
18.“Haveyoudecidedwhen________?
”“Yes,tomorrowmorning.”A.toleave
B.tobeleaving
C.willyouleave
D.areyouleaving
19.LastsummerItookacourseon________.
A.howtomakedresses
B.howdressesbemade
C.howtobemadedresses
D.howdressestobemad
20.Hedoesn’tknow______tostayornot.
A.whether
B.if
C.either
D.ifhewill
21.Shepretended_______mewhenIpassedby.
A.nottosee
B.notseeing
C.tonotsee
D.havingnotseen
22.---Thelightintheofficeisstillon.
-Oh,Iforgot_______.
A.turningitoff
B.turnitoff
C.toturnitoff
D.havingturneditoff
23.Weagreed_________herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.A.havingmet
B.meeting
C.tomeet
D.tohavemet
24.LittleJimshouldlove_______tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetaken
B.totake
C.beingtaken
D.taking
25.Iwouldlove______tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.
A.togo
B.tohavegone
C.going
D.havinggone
26.Frankisthekindofpersonwhopeopleliketo________.A.makefriendwith
B.makefriendsof
C.makefriends
D.makefriendswith
27.Goon________theotherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone.
A.todo
B.doing
C.with
D.tobedoing
28.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_______onabigrockbythesideofthepath.
A.tohaverested
B.resting
C.torest
D.rest
29.Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident________losehisjob.A.sonotasto
B.soasnotto
C.soastonot
D.notsoasto
30.Ineedadayortwo________.
A.tothinkitover
B.tothinkover
C.ofthinking
31.Hewastooexcited_________.
A.speak
B.tospeak
C.nottospeak
D.speaking
32.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered________thefirstcomputer.
A.toinvent
B.inventing
C.tohaveinvented
D.havinginvented
33.Hesaidhewouldrathernot_______itrightnow.
A.doing
B.todo
C.do
34.Ratherthan_______onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers_______abicycle.
A.ride;
ride
B.riding;
C.ride;
toride
D.toride;
riding
35.It’sfreezingoutside.You_______putonyourovercoat.A.hadbetterto
B.hadbetter
C.wouldbetter
D.wouldbetterto
36.Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitisverycomfortableto_______.
A.sit
B.siton
C.besit
D.besaton
37.I’mhungry.Getmesomething_________.
A.eat
B.toeat
C.eating
D.foreating
38.---Iusuallygotherebytrain.---Whynot_______byboatforachange?
A.totrygoing
B.tryingtogo
C.totryandgo
D.trygoing
39.Shedidnothing_______atthephoto.
A.exceptlook
B.buttolook
C.excepttolook
D.butlooking
40.Iaskedhimto_______meafewminutessothatwecouldgooveralltheproblems.
A.spend
B.spare
C.save
D.share
41.Theywon’tlettheirteacher_______inthatway.
A.tobetreated
B.beingtreated
C.treated
D.betreated
42.John,youmustgetyourroom________afterbreakfast.A.tobecleaned
B.toclean
C.cleaning
D.cleaned
43.Theproblem_______attomorrow’smeetingisaverydifficultone.
A.beingdiscussed
B.discussed
C.tobediscussed
D.todiscuss
44.Hereachedthestation_____only_____thatthetrainhadjustleft.
A.tired;
learned
B.tiring;
learning
C.totire;
tolearn
D.tired;
tolean
45.---Didthatbookgivetheinformationyouneeded?
---Yes,but______,wehadtoreaditalmostentirely.A.forfindingit
B.tofindit
C.findingit
D.byfindingit
46.I’msorryIforgot______yourdictionary.Let’sborrowonefromLiMing.
A.totake
B.taking
C.tobring
D.bringing
47.Shecouldn’tdecidewhichrestaurant_______.
A.tohavelunch
C.toeatat
D.eatingat
48.Thisproblemissaid_____threetimes.
A.tohavebeentalked
B.tohavediscussed
C.havingbeendiscussed
D.tohavebeentalkedabout
49.Everybodybelievedtheman______awaythediamondring.
A.betaken
C.totake
D.tohavetaken
50.Iprefer____ratherthan______.
A.read;
watch
B.toread;
C.reading;
towatch
D.toread;
答案:
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BBAAA21-25ACCAB26-30DACBA31-35BCCCB
36-40BBDAB41-45DDCDB46-50CCDDB
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