PM Tony Blairs speech to EU ParliamentWord格式文档下载.docx

PM Tony Blairs speech to EU ParliamentWord格式文档下载.docx

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Europeisinthemidstofaprofounddebateaboutitsfuture.Iwanttotalktoyouplainlytodayaboutthisdebate,thereasonsforitandhowtoresolveit.Ineverycrisisthereisanopportunity.ThereisonehereforEuropenow,ifwehavethecouragetotakeit.

　　ThedebateoverEuropeshouldnotbeconductedbytradinginsultsorintermsofpersonality.Itshouldbeanopenandfrankexchangeofideas.AndrightattheoutsetIwanttodescribeclearlyhowIdefinethedebateandthedisagreementunderlyingit.

　　Theissueisnotbetweena"

freemarket"

EuropeandasocialEurope,betweenthosewhowanttoretreattoacommonmarketandthosewhobelieveinEuropeasapoliticalproject.

　　Thisisnotjustamisrepresentation.ItistointimidatethosewhowantchangeinEuropebyrepresentingthedesireforchangeasbetrayaloftheEuropeanideal,totrytoshutoffseriousdebateaboutEurope'

'

sfuturebyclaimingthattheveryinsistenceondebateistoembracetheanti-Europe.

　　ItisamindsetIhavefoughtagainstallmypoliticallife.Idealssurvivethroughchange.Theydiethroughinertiainthefaceofchallenge.

　　Iamapassionatepro-European.Ialwayshavebeen.Myfirstvotewasin1975intheBritishreferendumonmembershipandIvotedyes.In1983,whenIwasthelastcandidateintheUKtobeselectedshortlybeforethatelectionandwhenmypartyhadapolicyofwithdrawingfromEurope,ItoldtheselectionconferencethatIdisagreedwiththepolicy.SomethoughtIhadlosttheselection.SomeperhapswishIhad.Ithenhelpedchangeourpolicyinthe1980'

sandwasproudofthatchange.

　　SincebeingPrimeMinisterIsignedtheSocialChapter,helped,alongwithFrance,tocreatethemodernEuropeanDefencePolicy,haveplayedmypartintheAmsterdam,theNice,thentheRomeTreaties.

　　Thisisaunionofvalues,ofsolidaritybetweennationsandpeople,ofnotjustacommonmarketinwhichwetradebutacommonpoliticalspaceinwhichweliveascitizens.

　　Italwayswillbe.

　　IbelieveinEuropeasapoliticalproject.IbelieveinEuropewithastrongandcaringsocialdimension.IwouldneveracceptaEuropethatwassimplyaneconomicmarket.

　　Tosaythatistheissueistoescapetherealdebateandhideinthecomfortzoneofthethingswehavealwayssaidtoeachotherintimesofdifficulty.

　　ThereisnotsomedivisionbetweentheEuropenecessarytosucceedeconomicallyandsocialEurope.PoliticalEuropeandeconomicEuropedonotliveinseparaterooms.

　　ThepurposeofsocialEuropeandeconomicEuropeshouldbetosustaineachother.

　　ThepurposeofpoliticalEuropeshouldbetopromotethedemocraticandeffectiveinstitutionstodeveloppolicyinthesetwospheresandacrosstheboardwherewewantandneedtocooperateinourmutualinterest.

　　Butthepurposeofpoliticalleadershipistogetthepoliciesrightfortoday'

sworld.

　　For50yearsEurope'

sleadershavedonethat.Wetalkofcrisis.Letusfirsttalkofachievement.Whenthewarended,Europewasinruins.TodaytheEUstandsasamonumenttopoliticalachievement.Almost50yearsofpeace,50yearsofprosperity,50yearsofprogress.Thinkofitandbegrateful.

　　ThebroadsweepofhistoryisonthesideoftheEU.Countriesroundtheworldarecomingtogetherbecauseincollectivecooperationtheyincreaseindividualstrength.Untilthesecondhalfofthe20thCentury,forcenturiesEuropeannationsindividuallyhaddominatedtheworld,colonisedlargepartsofit,foughtwarsagainsteachotherforworldsupremacy.

　　OutofthecarnageoftheSecondWorldWar,politicalleadershadthevisiontorealisethosedaysweregone.Today'

sworlddoesnotdiminishthatvision.Itdemonstratesitsprescience.TheUSAistheworld'

sonlysuperpower.ButChinaandIndiainafewdecadeswillbetheworld'

slargesteconomies,eachofthemwithpopulationsthreetimesthatofthewholeoftheEU.TheideaofEurope,unitedandworkingtogether,isessentialforournationstobestrongenoughtokeepourplaceinthisworld.

　　Now,almost50yearson,wehavetorenew.Thereisnoshameinthat.Allinstitutionsmustdoit.Andwecan.ButonlyifweremarrytheEuropeanidealswebelieveinwiththemodernworldwelivein.

　　IfEuropedefaultedtoEuroscepticism,orifEuropeannationsfacedwiththisimmensechallenge,decidetohuddletogether,hopingwecanavoidglobalisation,shrinkawayfromconfrontingthechangesaroundus,takerefugeinthepresentpoliciesofEuropeasifbyconstantlyrepeatingthem,wewouldbytheveryactofrepetitionmakethemmorerelevant,thenweriskfailure.Failureonagrand,strategic,scale.ThisisnotatimetoaccusethosewhowantEuropetochangeofbetrayingEurope.ItisatimetorecognisethatonlybychangewillEuroperecoveritsstrength,itsrelevance,itsidealismandthereforeitssupportamongstthepeople.

　　Andaseverthepeopleareaheadofthepoliticians.Wealwaysthinkasapoliticalclassthatpeople,unconcernedwiththedailyobsessionofpolitics,maynotunderstandit,maynotseeitssubtletiesanditscomplexities.But,ultimately,peoplealwaysseepoliticsmoreclearlythanus.Preciselybecausetheyarenotdailyobsessedwithit.

　　TheissueisnotabouttheideaoftheEuropeanUnion.Itisaboutmodernisation.Itisaboutpolicy.ItisnotadebateabouthowtoabandonEuropebuthowtomakeitdowhatitwassetuptodo:

improvethelivesofpeople.Andrightnow,theyaren'

tconvinced.Considerthis.

　　ForfouryearsEuropeconductedadebateoverournewConstitution,twoyearsofitintheConvention.ItwasadetailedandcarefulpieceofworksettingoutthenewrulestogovernaEuropeof25andintime27,28andmorememberstates.ItwasendorsedbyallGovernments.Itwassupportedbyallleaders.ItwasthencomprehensivelyrejectedinreferendumsintwofoundingMemberStates,inthecaseoftheNetherlandsbyover60percent.TherealityisthatinmostMemberStatesitwouldbehardtodaytosecurea'

yes'

foritinareferendum.

　　Therearetwopossibleexplanations.OneisthatpeoplestudiedtheConstitutionanddisagreedwithitsprecisearticles.Idoubtthatwasthebasisofthemajority'

no'

.Thiswasnotanissueofbaddraftingorspecifictextualdisagreement.

　　TheotherexplanationisthattheConstitutionbecamemerelythevehicleforthepeopletoregisterawideranddeeperdiscontentwiththestateofaffairsinEurope.Ibelievethistobethecorrectanalysis.

　　Ifso,itisnotacrisisofpoliticalinstitutions,itisacrisisofpoliticalleadership.PeopleinEuropeareposinghardquestionstous.Theyworryaboutglobalisation,jobsecurity,aboutpensionsandlivingstandards.Theyseenotjusttheireconomybuttheirsocietychangingaroundthem.Traditionalcommunitiesarebrokenup,ethnicpatternschange,familylifeisunderstrainasfamiliesstruggletobalanceworkandhome.

　　Wearelivingthroughaneraofprofoundupheavalandchange.Lookatourchildrenandthetechnologytheyuseandthejobsmarkettheyface.Theworldisunrecognisablefromthatweexperiencedasstudents20,30yearsago.Whensuchchangeoccurs,moderatepeoplemustgiveleadership.Iftheydon'

t,theextremesgaintractiononthepoliticalprocess.Ithappenswithinanation.ItishappeninginEuropenow.

　　Justreflect.TheLaekenDeclarationwhichlaunchedtheConstitutionwasdesigned"

tobringEuropeclosertothepeople"

.Didit?

TheLisbonagendawaslaunchedintheyear2000withtheambitionofmakingEurope"

themostcompetitiveplacetodobusinessintheworldby20XX"

.Wearehalfwaythroughthatperiod.Hasitsucceeded?

　　IhavesatthroughCouncilConclusionsafterCouncilConclusionsdescribinghowweare"

reconnectingEuropetothepeople"

.Arewe?

　　Itistimetogiveourselvesarealitycheck.Toreceivethewake-upcall.Thepeopleareblowingthetrumpetsroundthecitywalls.Arewelistening?

Havewethepoliticalwilltogooutandmeetthemsothattheyregardourleadershipaspartofthesolutionnottheproblem?

　　ThatisthecontextinwhichtheBudgetdebateshouldbeset.Peoplesay:

weneedtheBudgettorestoreEurope'

scredibility.Ofcoursewedo.ButitshouldbetherightBudget.Itshouldn'

tbeabstractedfromthedebateaboutEurope'

scrisis.Itshouldbepartoftheanswertoit.

　　IwanttosayawordaboutlastFriday'

sSummit.TherehavebeensuggestionsthatIwasnotwillingtocompromiseontheUKrebate;

thatIonlyraisedCAPreformatthelastminute;

thatIexpectedtorenegotiatetheCAPonFridaynight.InfactIamtheonlyBritishleaderthathaseversaidIwouldputtherebateonthetable.IneversaidweshouldendtheCAPnoworrenegotiateitovernight.Suchapositionwouldbeabsurd.Anychangemusttakeaccountofthelegitimateneedsoffarmingcommunitiesandhappenovertime.Ihavesaidsimplytwothings:

thatwecannotagreeanewfinancialperspectivethatdoesnotatleastsetoutaprocessthatleadstoamorerationalBudget;

andthatthismustallowsuchaBudgettoshapethesecondhalfofthatperspectiveupto20XX.Otherwiseitwillbe20XXbeforeanyfundamentalchangeisagreed,letaloneimplemented.Again,inthemeantime,ofcourseBritainwillpayitsfairshareofenlargement.ImightpointoutthatonanybasiswewouldremainthesecondhighestnetcontributortotheEU,havinginthisperspectivepaidbillionsmorethansimilarsizedcountries.

　　So,thatisthecontext.WhatwouldadifferentpolicyagendaforEuropelooklike?

　　First,itwouldmoderniseoursocialmodel.AgainsomehavesuggestedIwanttoabandonEurope'

ssocialmodel.Buttellme:

whattypeofsocialmodelisitthathas20munemployedinEurope,productivityratesfallingbehindthoseoftheUSA;

thatisallowingmoresciencegraduatestobeproducedbyIndiathanbyEurope;

andthat,onanyrelativeindexofamoderneconomy-skills,R&

D,patents,IT,isgoingdownnotup.Indiawillexpanditsbiotechnologysectorfivefoldinthenextfiveyears.ChinahastrebleditsspendingonR&

Dinthelastfive.

　　Ofthetop20universitiesintheworldtoday,onlytwoarenowinEurope.

　　Thepurposeofoursocialmodelshouldbetoenhanceourabilitytocompete,tohelpourpeoplecopewithglobalisation,toletthemembraceitsopportunitiesandavoiditsdangers.OfcourseweneedasocialEurope.ButitmustbeasocialEuropethatworks.

　　Andwe'

vebeentoldhowtodoit.TheKokreportin20XXshowstheway.Investmentinknowledge,inskills,inactivelabourmarketpolicies,inscienceparksandinnovation,inhighereducation,inurbanregeneration,inhelpforsmallbusinesses.Thisismodernsocialpolicy,notregulationandjobprotectionthatmaysavesomejobsforatimeattheexpenseofmanyjobsinthefuture.

　　Andsincethisisadayfordemolishingcaricatures,letmedemolishoneother:

theideathatBritainisinthegripofsomeextremeAnglo-Saxonmarketphilosophythattramplesonthepooranddisadvantaged.ThepresentBritishGovernmenthasintroducedthenewdealfortheunemployed,thelargestjobsprogrammeinEuropethathas