职称英语理工类B真题及答案完整版Word下载.docx

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职称英语理工类B真题及答案完整版Word下载.docx

thatIhadforgottenthepresent.

  AlimitB.fearC.powerD.fool

  4.Mostpeoplefind 

rejection 

hardtoaccept.

  A.excuseB.clientC.destinyD.refusal

  5.She'

sextremelycompetentand 

industrious.

  A.hardworkingB.honestC.objectiveD.independent

  6.Thedoctorsdidnot 

reveal 

thetruthtohim.

  A.hideB.handleC.discloseD.establish

  7.Hetriedto 

assemble 

histhoughts.

  A.clearB.shareC.gatherD.spare

  8.Thelawcarriesa 

penalty 

ofuptothreeyearsinprison.

  A.messageB.punishmentC.guiltD.obligation

  9.Prisonerswerekeptinthemost 

appalling 

conditions.

  A.flexibleB.terribleC.reasonableD.serious

  10.Theseproductsare 

inferior 

tothosewebroughtlastyear.

  A.poorerthanB.narrowerthanC.largerthanD.richerthan

  11.Thepoliticalsituationintheregionhas 

deteriorated 

rapidly.

  A.improvedB.changedC.worsenedD.developed

  12.Therewasasimultaneoustrialtakingplaceinthenextbuilding.

  A.coexistingB.fairC.fullD.pubic

  13.They'

re 

petitioning 

forbetterfacilitiesforthedisabledonpublictransport.

  A.requestingB.planningC.preparingD.looking

  14.Hesaidsome 

harsh 

wordsabouthisbrother.

  A.unkindB.properC.normalD.unclear

  15.Wewereattractedbythe 

lure 

ofquickmoney.

  A.amountB.supplyC.sumD.temp

  第二部分:

阅读判断

  ADHDLinkedtoAirPollutants

  Childrenhaveanincreasedofattentionproblems,seenasearlyasgradeschool.Iftheirnosesinhaled(吸入)acertaintypeofairpollutionwhentheywerepregnant.That'

sthefindingofanewstudy.Releasedwhenthingsaren'

tburnedcompletely,thispollutionisknownaspolycyclicaromatichydrocarbons,orPAHs.ThebiggestsourcesofthesePAHs:

theburningoffossilfuels,woodandtrash.

  FredericaPereraworksatColumbiaUniversity'

sMailmanSchoolofPublicHealthisNewYorkCity.Sheresearcheshowexposuretothingsintheenvironmentaffectschildren'

shealthinanewstudy,sheandherteamstudiedtheexposuretoairpollutionof233nonsmokingpregnantwomeninNewYorkCity.Becauseburningtobaccocanspew(排放)PAHsintotheairandlungs,Perera'

steamfocusedonnonsmokers.Theresearcherswantedtoprobe(探查)othersourcesofPAHs,onesthat'

swouldhavebeenhardforanindividualtoavoid.

  Theteamstartedbytestingthebloodofeachwomanduringpregnancy.ThereasonAnyPAHsinawoman'

sbloodwouldalsobeavailabletothebabyinherwomb.Nineyearslater,theresearchersinvestigatedsignsofattentionproblemsinthosechildren,nowage9.Theyaskedeachchild'

smotheraseriesofquestions.Theseincludedwhateverherchildhadproblemsdoingthingsthatneededsustained(长期的)mentaleffort,suchashomeworkorgameswithfriends.Thescientistsalsoaskedifthekidshadtroublefollowinginstructionsormadefrequent,carelessmistakes.AllofthesecanbesymptomsofadisordercalledAttentionDeficitHyperactivityDisorder,orADHD.AboutoneinU.S.childrenhasADHD.

  Amongthewomenstudied,trafficandhomeheatingweretheprimarysourcesofairpollutionexposure,Pereraandherteamsuspect.SomeofthesewomenhadlowlevelsofPAHsintheirblood.Ohtershadhighlevels.Thosewithhighlevelswerefivetimesaslikelytohavechildrenwhoshowedattentionproblemsbyage9.ThenewfindingswerepublishedNovember5inthejournalPLOSONE.

  16.PereraandherteamchosenonsmokingpregnantwomenalloverAmerica.

  A.Right

  B.Wrong

  C.Notmentioned

  17.ThemainpurposeoftheresearchwastofindouthowexposuretoPAHsplayedaroleinharmingthesubjects'

physicalhealth.

  18.NonsmokingmotherswereselectedbecausetheeffectofsmokingonPAHswasunclear.

  19.Thebloodofeachwomanwastestedonceamonthduringpregnancy.

  20KidswithADHDcommonlyfailinschool.

  21.ThewomenwithhighlevelsofPAHsintheirbloodweremorelikelytohavekidswithADHD.

  22.TrafficandhomeheatingwereconsideredtobethebiggestsourcesofPAHsforthesubjectsintheresearch.

  第3部分:

概况大意与完成句子

  FirstImage-recognitionssoftware

  1)DartmouthresearchersandtheircolleagueshavecreatedanartificialintelligencesoftwarethatusesphotostolocatedocumentsontheInternetwithfargreateraccuracythaneverbefore.

  2)Thenewsystem,whichwastestedonphotosandisnowbeingappliedtovideos,showsforthefirsttimethatamachinelearningalgorithm(运算法则)forimagerecognitionandretrievalisaccurateandefficientenoughtoimprovelarge-scaledocumentsearchesonline.Thesystemusespixel(像素)datainimagesandpotentiallyvideo—ratherthanjusttext—tolocatedocuments.Itlearnstorecognizethepixelsassociatedwithasearchphrasebystudyingtheresultsfromtext-basedimagesearchengines.Theknowledgegleaned(收集)fromthoseresultscanthenbeappliedtootherphotoswithouttagsorcaptions(图片说明),makingformoreaccuratedocumentsearchresults.

  3)“Overthelast30years,”saysAssociateProfessorKorenzoTorresani,aco-authorofthestudy,”thewebhasevolvedfromasmallcollectionofmostlytextdocumentstoamodern,massive,fast-growingmultimediadatastet,wherenearlyeverypageincludesmultiplepicturesofvideos.WhenapersonlooksataWebpage,heimmediatelygetthegist(主旨)ofitbylookingatthepicturesinit.Yet,surprisingly,allexistingpopularsearchengine,suchasGoogleorBing,stripawaytheinformationcontainedinthephotosanduseexclusivelythetextofWedpagestoperformthedocumentretrieval.Ourstudyisthefirsttoshowthatmodernmachinevisionsystemsareaccurateandefficientenoughtomakeeffectiveuseoftheinformationcontainedinimagepixelstoimprovedocumentsearch.”

  4)Theresearchersdesignedandtestedamachinevisionsystem—atypeofartificialintelligencethatallowscomputerstolearnwithoutbeingexplicitlyprogrammed—thatextractssemantic(语义的)informationfrompixelsofphotosinWebpages.ThisinformationgisusedtoenrichthedescriptionoftheHTMLpageusedbysearchenginesfordocumentretrieval.Theresearcherstestedtheirapproachusingmorethan600searchqueries(查询)onadatabaseof50millionWedpages.Theyselectedthetext-retrievalsearchenginewiththebestperformanceandmodifiedittomakeuseoftheadditionalsemanticinformationextractedbytheirmethodfromthepicturesoftheWebpages.Theyfoundthtthisproduceda 

30percentimprovementinprecisionovertheoriginalsearchenginepurelybasedontext.

  23.Paragraph1_____

  24.Paragraph2_____

  25.Paragraph3_____

  26Paragraph4_____

  A.Popularityofthenewsystem

  B.Publicationofthenewdiscovery

  C.Functionofthenewsystem

  D.Artificialintelligencesoftwarecreated

  E.Problemsoftheexistingsearchengines

  F.Improvementindocumentretrieval

  27.Thenewsystemdoesdocumentretrievalby_____.

  28.Thenewsystemisexpectedtoimproveprecisionin_____.

  29.Whenperformingdocumentretrievaltheexistingsearchenginesignore_____.

  30.Thenewsystemwasfoundmoreeffectiveindocumentsearchthanthe_____.

  A.informationinimages

  B.currentpopularsearchengines

  C.usingphotos

  D.machinevisionsystems

  E.documentsearch

  F.descriptionoftheHTMLpage

  第四部分:

阅读理解

  第一篇 WhyBuyShade-GrownCoffee?

  Whenpeopleargueaboutwhethercoffeeisgoodforhealth,they'

reusuallythinkingofthehealthofthecoffeedrinker.Isitfoodforyourheart?

Doesitincreasebloodpressure?

Doesithelpyouconcentrate?

However,coffeeaffectsthehealthofthehumanpopulationinotherways,too.

  Traditionally,coffeebusheswereplantedunderthecanopy(树冠)oftallerindigenous(土生土长的)trees.However,moreandmorefarmersinLatinAmericaaredeforestingthelandtogrowfull-suncoffees.Atfirst,thisincreasesproductionbecausemorecoffeebushescanbeplantediftherearen’tanytrees.Withincreasedproductioncomeincreasedprofits.

  Unfortunately,deforestingforcoffeeproductionimmediatelydecreaseslocal-wildlifehabitat.Nativebirdsnestandhidefrompredators(捕食者)inthetalltreesandmigratingbirdsrestthere.

  Furthermore,inthelongterm,thefull-sunmethodalsodamagestheecosystembecausemorechemicalfertilizersandpesticidesareneededtogrowthecoffee.Thefertilizersandpesticideskillinsectsthateatcoffeeplant,butthenthebirdseatthepoisonedinsectsandalsodie.Thechemicalskillorsickenotheranimalsaswell,andcanevenenterthewaterthatpeoplewilleventuallydrink.

  Fortunately,farmersinCentralandSouthAmericaarebeginningtogrowmorecoffeebushesintheshade.Wecansupportthesefarmersbybuyingcoffeewithsuchlabelsas"

shadegrown"

and"

birdfriendly."

Sure,thesevarietiesmightcostalittlemore.Butwe'

repayingforthehealthofthebirds,theland,ourselves,andtheplanet.Ithinkit'

sworthit.

  31.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

  A.Farmersarechangingthewaytheygrowcoffee.

  B.Coffeeisbecomingmoreexpensivetoproduce.

  C.Shade-growcoffeeismoreexpensivethansun-growcoffee.

  D.Peopleshouldbuyshade-growncoffee.

  32.Thefunctionoftheword"

Traditionally"

inParagraph2istoshow_____.

  A.thepositiveeffectsof

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