实验室检定一般规定英文.docx

实验室检定一般规定英文.docx

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实验室检定一般规定英文

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实验室检定一般规定（英文）

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PRIVATE

General

Requirements

for

Accreditation

ofLaboratories

[PartAincludesallISO/IECGuide25requirements]

Thisdocumentisreproducibleand

thisisencouragedforaccreditationpurposes.

January1997

GENERALREQUIREMENTSFORACCREDITATIONOFLABORATORIES

January1997

Foreword

TheAMERICANASSOCIATIONFORLABORATORYACCREDITATION（A2LA）isanon-profit,nongovernmental,publicservice,membershiporganizationdedicatedtooperatinganationwide,broadspectrumlaboratoryaccreditationsystem.Accreditationisdefinedasaformalrecognitionofcompetencethatalaboratorycanperformspecifictestsortypesoftests.Accreditationisavailabletoanytypeoftestinglaboratory,beitintheprivatesector（independentorin-house）orinthegovernmentsector.

A2LAwasformedin1978,asapracticalandefficientorganizationtodevelopandmanageasystemtoverifyandrecognizecompetenttestinglaboratories.Accreditationisavailableforvirtuallyalltypesoftests,calibrations,measurementsandobservationswhicharereproducibleandproperlydocumented.

Theaccreditationoflaboratoriesisofferedinthefollowingfieldsoftesting:

BiologicalMechanicalAcoustical&VibrationNondestructive

ChemicalEnvironmentalConstructionMaterialsGeotechnical

ElectricalThermalCalibration

Specialprogramsaredevelopedinresponsetouserneedsandmaycutacrossmorethanonefieldoftesting.Ifonlyafewtestsfromasecondfieldaretobeincludedandalltestingismanagedinonefacilityunderonequalitysystem,thesetestsmaybeaddedtothescopeofaccreditationintheprimaryfieldatnochargeforasecondfield.Iftherearetwomanagersofequivalentstatusresponsibleforthetestingineachfield,accreditationwillbenecessaryinbothfields.

UsersofaccreditedlaboratoriesareadvisedtoseektheScope（s）ofAccreditationfromanyaccreditedlaboratoryorfromA2LA.TheScope（s）ofAccreditationidentifiesthespecifictestsortypesoftestsorcalibrationcapabilityforwhichthelaboratoryisaccredited.

Thegeneralrequirements（generalcriteria）foraccreditationusedbyA2LAarefromtheinternationalstandard,ISO/IECGuide25-1990,"Generalrequirementsforthecompetenceofcalibrationandtestinglaboratories"whichfollowinpartA.Additionalprogramrequirements（specificcriteria）forspecificfieldsoftesting（e.g.environmental）orspecificprograms（e.g.fasteners）whicharenecessarytomeetparticularuserneeds（e.g.USEPA,PL101-592:

FastenerQualityAct）complementthesegeneralrequirementsinparticularareas.

Ineffect,A2LAaccreditationatteststhatalaboratoryhasdemonstratedthat:

a）itiscompetenttoperformspecifictestsorspecifictypesoftests;

b）itsqualitysystemaddressesandconformstoallelementsofISO/IECGuide25,isdocumentedperGuide25,andisfullyoperational;

c）itconformstoanyadditionalrequirementsofA2LAorspecificfieldsoftestingorprogramsnecessarytomeetparticularuserneeds.

ItisA2LApolicynottoaccreditorrenewaccreditationofalaboratorythatfailstomeettheabovecriteria[seepartB,ConditionsforAccreditationandpartC,AccreditationProcess,sectionsondeficiencies,accreditationdecisionsandsuspensionorwithdrawalofaccreditation.]

F:

\WP\MAN\REQ\GENERAL.REQ012297,President

GENERALREQUIREMENTSFORACCREDITATION

TableofContents

Page

CoverPage.........................................1

Foreword..........................................2

TableofContents......................................3

PartA.GENERALREQUIREMENTSFORTHECOMPETENCEOFCALIBRATIONANDTESTINGLABORATORIES

（ISO/IECGuide25-1990）withexplanatorynotes..................4

IntroductionbyA2LA.................................4

1.Scope........................................4

2.References......................................5

3.Definitions.....................................5

4.Organizationandmanagement.............................7

5.Qualitysystem,auditandreview...........................9

6.Personnel......................................17

7.AccommodationandEnvironment............................19

8.Equipmentandreferencematerials..........................20

9.Measurementtraceabilityandcalibra