英语语言学填空题及答案.doc

英语语言学填空题及答案.doc

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Chapterone

1.Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthe.

2.Thestudyoflanguageasawholeisoftencalled.

3.Thestudyof_usedinlinguisticcommunicationledtotheestablishmentofphonetics.

4.Thestudyofisknownassemantics.

5.Psycholinguisticsrelatesthestudyoflanguageto.

6.Thestudyofisgenerallyknownasappliedlinguistics.

7.Ifalinguisticstudyaimstodescribeandanalyzethelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobe.

8.Thedescriptionofalanguageatsomepointoftimeinisasynchronicstudythedescriptionofalanguageasitthroughtimeisadiachronic.

9.Fromthepointofviewoflinguisticevolution,speechistowriting.

10._referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallthememberofaspeechcommunity,andreferstotherealizationoflangueinactualuse.

11.Linguisticisdescriptivewhiletraditionalgrammeris.

12.Modernlinguisticregardsthelanguageasprimary,notthewritten.

13.Manyoftherulesoftraditionalgrammerapplyonlytothelanguage.

14.Whenthestudyofmeaningis,notinisdation,butinthecontextoflanguageuse,itbecomesanotherbranchoflinguisticstudycalledpragmatics.

15.Prescriptiveanddescriptiverepresenttwodifferentoflinguisticstudy.

答案：

1.scientificstudyoflanguage

2.generallinguistics

3.sounds

4.meaning

5.psychology

6.applications

7.descriptive

8.history;changes

9.prior

10.langue;parole

11.prescriptive

12.spoken

13.written

14.conducted

15.types

ChapterTwo

1.Phoneticsisdefinedasthestudyoftheoflanguage;ifisconcernedwithallthesoundsthatoccurintheworld’slanguage.

2.Thethreebranchesofphoneticsare_,auditoryphoneticsandacousficphoneticsrespectively.

3.Englishconsonantscanbeclassifiedintwoways:

oneisintermsof_

andtheotherisintermsof_.

4.Bothphonologyandphoneticsareconcernedwiththesameaspectoflanguage-_______.

5.Thedifferentthroeswhichcanrepresentaphonemeindifferentphoneticsenvronmentsarecalledthe_ofthatphoneme.

6.Theassimulationrulesassimilatesonesoundtoanotherby“copying”afeatureofa_______;thusmakingthetwophonessimilate.

7.Theassimulationrulealsoaccountsforthe_______ofthealvedarnasalinsomesoundcombinations.

8.Thedeletionruletellsuswhenasoundistobedeletedalthoughitis______.

9.Languageisfirst______throughitssounds.

10.Theletter[P]intermsofplaceofarticulation______intermsofmannerofarticulationis_______.

11._______,notphoneticidentityisthectciterionwithwhichweoperatethephonologicalanalysisoflanguage.

12.Thegreatestsourceofmodificationoftheairstreamisfoundingthe_______.

13.Correspondingtothedistinctionoflongandshortvowelsisthedistinctionof_____and______vowels.

14.Aphonemeisfurtheranalyzablebecauseitconsistsofasetof______.

15.Similaralterationofstressalsooccursbetweena______andaphraseconsistingofthesameelements.

答案:

1.phonicmedium

2.labeledarticulationphonetics

3.mannerofarticulation;placeofarticulation

4.thespeechsounds

5.allophones

6.sequentialphoneme

7.varyingpronunciation

8.orthographicallyrepresented

9.perceived

10.bilabial;stops

11.phoneticsimilarity

12.oralcavity

13.tense;lox

14.simultaneousdistinctivefeatures

15.compoundnoun

ChapterThree

1.Linguistsdefinethewordasthesmallest______foundinlanguage.

2.Morphemeisthe_______________thatcarriesinformationaboutmeaningorfunction.

3.Therootconsistutesthe_____ofthewordandcarriesthemajorcomponentsofitsmeaning.

4.Morphemeareusually______:

thereisnonatureconnectionbetweentheirsoundandmeaning.

5.When_______areconjoinedtoothermorpheme（orwords）,anewwordsarederived,orformed.

6.Derivationisan_______thatformawordwithmeaningandcategorydistinctfromthatofitsbases.

7.Unlikephonemesandsyllableswhicharetheelementsofsound,words_______.

8.______arethefoundationbuildingblocksofalanguage.

9.Linguistsusethetermmorphologytorefertothepartofthegrammerthatisconcernedwith______and________.

10.Thecontentwordsoflanguage,suchas____,_____,_____andadverbs,aresometimescalledopenclasswords.

11.Affixes______belongtoalexicalcategoryandarealwaysboundmorpheme.

12.Boundmorphemeswhichareforthemostpartpurelygrammaticalmakersandsignifysuchconceptsastense,number,casearecalled_________.

13._______,________andfreemorphemescombinearethemajorwaystoproducenewwords.

14.Thewayswordareformedarecalled_______.

15.Whentwowordsareinthesame_______,thecompoundwillbeinthis