英语语言学填空题及答案.doc

1、Chapter one1. Linguistics is generally defined as the .2. The study of language as a whole is often called .3. The study of_ used in linguistic communication led to the establishment of phonetics.4. The study of is known as semantics.5. Psycholinguistics relates the study of language to .6. The stud

2、y of is generally known as applied linguistics.7. If a linguistic study aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, it is said to be .8. The description of a language at some point of time in is a synchronic study the description of a language as it through time is a diachronic.9.

3、 From the point of view of linguistic evolution, speech is to writing.10. _ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the member of a speech community, and refers to the realization of langue in actual use.11. Linguistic is descriptive while traditional grammer is .12. Modern linguistic

4、 regards the language as primary, not the written.13. Many of the rules of traditional grammer apply only to the language.14. When the study of meaning is ,not in isdation ,but in the context of language use, it becomes another branch of linguistic study called pragmatics.15. Prescriptive and descri

5、ptive represent two different of linguistic study.答案：1. scientific study of language2. general linguistics3. sounds4. meaning5. psychology6. applications7. descriptive8. history; changes9. prior10. langue; parole11. prescriptive12. spoken13. written14. conducted15. typesChapter Two1. Phonetics is de

6、fined as the study of the of language; if is concerned with all the sounds that occur in the worlds language.2. The three branches of phonetics are_ , auditory phonetics and acousfic phonetics respectively. 3. English consonants can be classified in two ways: one is in terms of _ and the other is in

7、 terms of _ .4. Both phonology and phonetics are concerned with the same aspect of language-_.5. The different throes which can represent a phoneme in different phonetics envronments are called the _ of that phoneme.6. The assimulation rules assimilates one sound to another by “copying” a feature of

8、 a_; thus making the two phones similate.7. The assimulation rule also accounts for the _ of the alvedar nasal in some sound combinations.8. The deletion rule tells us when a sound is to be deleted although it is_.9. Language is first _through its sounds.10. The letter P in terms of place of articul

9、ation_ in terms of manner of articulation is _. 11. _, not phonetic identity is the ctciterion with which we operate the phonological analysis of language . 12. The greatest source of modification of the air stream is founding the _.13. Corresponding to the distinction of long and short vowels is th

10、e distinction of _and_ vowels .14. A phoneme is further analyzable because it consists of a set of_.15. Similar alteration of stress also occurs between a _and a phrase consisting of the same elements. 答案:1. phonic medium2. labeled articulation phonetics3. manner of articulation; place of articulati

11、on4. the speech sounds5. allo phones6. sequential phoneme7. varying pronunciation8. orthographically represented9. perceived10. bilabial; stops11. phonetic similarity 12. oral cavity13. tense; lox 14. simultaneous distinctive features15. compound nounChapter Three1. Linguists define the word as the

12、smallest _found in language.2. Morpheme is the_ that carries information about meaning or function.3. The root consistutes the _ of the word and carries the major components of its meaning .4. Morpheme are usually _: there is no nature connection between their sound and meaning.5. When _ are conjoin

13、ed to other morpheme （or words）, a new words are derived , or formed.6. Derivation is an _ that form a word with meaning and category distinct from that of its bases. 7. Unlike phonemes and syllables which are the elements of sound , words_.8. _ are the foundation building blocks of a language .9. L

14、inguists use the term morphology to refer to the part of the grammer that is concerned with _ and _.10. The content words of language , such as _,_,_and adverbs, are sometimes called open class words.11. Affixes_ belong to a lexical category and are always bound morpheme.12. Bound morphemes which are for the most part purely grammatical makers and signify such concepts as tense, number, case are called_.13. _, _ and free morphemes combine are the major ways to produce new words.14. The ways word are formed are called _.15. When two words are in the same _, the compound will be in this