中山大学博士研究生入学考试英语试题.docx

中山大学博士研究生入学考试英语试题.docx

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中山大学博士研究生入学考试英语试题

中山大学博士研究生入学考试英语试题

PartIReadingComprehension（40points）

PartA（30points）

Directions:

Thereare3readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter．

PassageOne

Questions1~5arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

Forthelongesttime,Icouldn’tgetworkedupaboutprivacy:

myrighttoit；howit’sdying；howwe’reheadedforanevenmorewired，underregulated，overinstrusive，privacy-deprivedplanet．

IshouldalsopointoutthatasnewsdirectorforPathfinder，TimeInc’smegainfomall，andaguywhomakeshislivingontheWeb,Iknowbetterthanmostpeoplethatwe’rehurtlingtowardanevenmoreintrusiveworld.We’reallbeingwatchedbycomputerswheneverwevisitWebsites；bythemereactof“browsing”（itsoundssopassive!

）we’re

goingpublicinawaythatwasunimaginableadecadeago．IknowthisbecauseI’mawatchertoo．WhenpeoplecometomyWebsite，withouteverknowingtheirnames,Icanpeerovertheirshoulders，recordingwhattheylookat,timinghowlongtheystayonaparticularpage，followingthemaroundPathfinder’ssprawlingofferings．

Noneofthiswouldbothermeintheleast，Isuspect，ifafewyearsago，myphone,likeMarley’sghost,hadn’tgivenmeaglimpseofthenightmarestocome．OnThanksgivingweekendin1995,someone（presumablyacriticofabookmywifeandIhadjustwrittenaboutcomputerhackers）forwardedmyhometelephonenumbertoanout-of-stateansweringmachine’whereunsuspectingcallerstryingtoreachmeheardamalevoiceidentifyhimselfasmeandsaysomeextremelyrudethings．Then，withtypicalhackeraplomb,thepranksteraskedpeopletoleavetheirmessages（whichtomysurprisemanyCallers,includingmymother，did）．ThiswentonforseveraldaysuntilmywifeandIfiguredoutthatsomethingwaswrong（“Hey…whyhasn’tthephonerungsinceWednesday?

”）andgotourphoneservicerestored．

Itseemedfunnyatfirst，anditgaveusaswellstorytotellonourbooktour.Buttheinterloperwhoseizedourtelephonelinecontinuedtohitusevenafterthetourended.Andhitusagainandagainforthenextsixmonths：

Thephonecompanyseemedpowerless.Itssecurityfolksmovedustooneunlistednumberafteranother’halfadozentimes．Theyputspecialpincodesinplace．Theyputtracesontheline．Butthetroublemakerkeptbreakingthrough．

Ifourhackerhadbeentrulyevilandomnipotentasonlyfictionalmoviehackersare,therewouldprobablyhavebeenevenworsewayshecouldhavethreatenedmyprivacy.Hecouldhavesabotagedmycreditrating．Hecouldhaveeavesdroppedonmytelephoneconversationsorsiphonedoffmye-mail．Hecouldhavecalledinmymortgage，discontinuedmyhealthinsuranceorobliteratedmySocialSecuritynumber．LikeSandraBullockintheNet,Icouldhavebeenadigitaluntouchable,wanderingtheplanetwithoutaconnectiontotherestofhumanity．（AlthoughifIdidn’thavetopaybackschoolloans，itmightbeworthit．Justathought。

）

Still,Irememberfeelingviolatedatthetimeandaspowerlessasaminnowinaflashflood．Someonewasinvadingmyprivatespace-myfamily’sprivatespace-andtherewasnothingIortheauthoritiescoulddo．ItwasasclosetoatechnologicalepiphanyasIhaveeverbeen．Andas1watchedmypersonaldigitalhellunfold，itstruckmethatourprivacy-mineandyours—hasalreadydisappeared,notinoneBigBrotherlyblitzkriegbutinLittleBrotherlymoments，bitbybit.

Losingcontrolofyourtelephone,ofcourse,istheleastofit.Afterall．mostofusvoluntarilygiveoutourphonenumberandaddresswhenweallowourselvestobelistedintheWhitePages．Mostofusgoalotfurtherthanthat．Weregisterourwhereaboutswhen-everWeputabankcardinanATMmachineordrivethroughanE-ZPasslaneonthehighway．Wesubmittobeingphotographedeveryday-20timesadayonaverageifyouliveorworkinNewYorkCity-bysurveillancecameras．WemakepublicourinterestsandourpurchasinghabitseverytimeweshopbymailorderorvisitacommercialWebsite.

1．Whatinformationdoyoulearnabouttheauthorthatestablisheshimasanauthorityonthistopic?

A．Hehassufferedalotinlosinghisprivacy．

B．HemakeshislivingoffoftheWeb．

C．Heknowshowtomonitorhisaccount．

D.Heandhiswifepublishedabookconcerningcomputerhackers.

2.Whichofthefollowingproblemshastheauthorexperienced?

A.Someonegotinformationfromhismedicalfilesandsenthimbrochuresonhealthproductshemaywanttobuy.

B.Someoneusedthemotor-vehicleregistrationrecordsonhiscartofindhishomeaddress.

C.Someonereroutedhistelephonecallstoanothernumberwithouthisknowledge.

D.Someonesentane-mailmessagethatdestroyedthefileso