人教版英语必修一至必修四语法知识复习与练习详细版.docx
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人教版英语必修一至必修四语法知识复习与练习详细版
必修一至必修四语法知识复习
Book1Unit1-2直接引语与间接引语
直接引语到间接引语的转变注意间接引语中时态，人称，时间状语，地点状语以及其他部分要根据情况发生变化。
1.MrBlacksaid,“Ihavewalkedalongwaythisweek.”
MrBlacksaidthat___alongway___.
A.Ihadwalked…lastweek
B.hehadwalked…thatweek
C.Iwalked…lastweek
D.hehaswalked…thisweek
如果引语部分是客观事实或真理，则变为间接引语，定语从句中时态不需要发生变化。
2.Theteacheraskedher,“Doesthesunriseintheeast?
”
Theteacheraskedher___thesun___intheeast.
A.if…riseB.if…rises
C.whether…roseD.whetherdid…rise
引语部分为一般疑问句，变为间接引语由连词whether或if引导，后面用陈述句语序
3.Theysaidtous,“Areyouafraidtoleavethishouse?
”
Theyaskedus___afraidtoleave___house.
A.thatwerewe…this
B.thatwewere…that
C.ifwerewe…this
D.ifwewere…that
直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，由相应的疑问词who,whom,whose,how,when,why,where等引导。
句式…asked+疑问词+陈述句语序…
4.Janesaid,“Whatdidhehearaboutaweekago?
”
Janeasked___about___.
A.thatheheard…aweekago
B.whathehadheard…aweekbefore
C.whathehadheard…aweekago
D.ifheheard…aweekago
直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell,ask,order的宾语。
句式….tell,ask,ordersbtodo/nottodo
Eg:
Thesoliderordered:
”Bequiet.”
→Thesoliderorderedustobequiet.
Myteacheraskedme:
”Don’tlaugh.”
→Myteacheraskedmenottolaugh.
Book1Unit3现在进行时表示将来时
表示最近按计划或安排打算要进行的动作，可以用现在进行时表示将来时。
句子中一般有以下特点:
1.表示位置转移的动词gocomeleavestartarrivestay等
5.—Whatareyougoingtodotonight?
—Iamgoingtoattendthelecture,andthenwe______tothebookstore.
A.wentB.goC.aregoingD.havegone
6.---I’mgoingtotheStates.
---Howlong___you___intheStates?
A.are;stayed B.are;staying
C.have;stayed D.did;stay
2.表示交通方式、行程安排的动词fly,walk,ride,drive,take（abus,ataxi）,takeoff等
7.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane____.
A.takesoffB.istakingoff
C.hastakenoffD.tookoff
3.也可用于其他动词
8.I’vewonaholidayfortwoweekstoFlorida.I____mymum.
A.amtakingB.havetaken
C.takeD.willhavetaken
Book1Unit4-Unit5Book2Unit1&Unit5
定语从句
定语从句用于修饰名词，被修饰的名词成为先行词，引导定语的从句需要借助关系词/引导词
关系词的作用：
1在定语从句中代替先行词；
2在定语从句中充当特定成分；
3连接主语与定语从句
e.g．Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.
（wholivesnexttous为定语从句，修饰先行词theman,关系词who在定语从句中代替theman，在句中作主语。
）
关系代词
关系副词
That
人、物
主语、宾语（省）
When
时间状语
Which
物
主语、宾语（省）
Where
地点状语
Who
人
主语、宾语（省）
Why
原因状语
Whom
人
宾语（省）
Whose
人、物
与名词搭配，做定语
★选择关系代词还是选择关系副词，要看定语从句缺少什么成分
9.—Wheredidyougettoknowher?
—Itwasonthefarm_____weworked.
A.thatB.there
C.whichD.where
10.—Wheredidyougettoknowher?
—Itwasonthefarm_____wevisitedlastmonth.
A.whatB.there
C.whichD.where
11.Istillrememberthewonderfultime______IhadtogetherwiththeminXinjiang.
A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.onwhich
12.Istillrememberthewonderfultime______welivedinAmerica.
A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.onwhich
13.Intheend,JapanandKoreareachedthepoint___bothsidessatdownandhadapeacefultalk.
A.whereB.thatC.whenD.Which
强调句itis/was...that/who...与定语从句
判断：
去掉强调句的结构完整，这是强调句，否则考虑定语从句
14.ItwasinSichuanProvince______theearthquakecausedagreatloss.
A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that
ItwasSichuanProvince______theearthquakecausedagreatloss.
A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that
非限制性定语从句不能用that，其他的关系词根据从句缺什么成分以及先行词是人是物进行选择
15.TheywillflytoWashington,_____theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.
A.whereB.there
C.whichD.when
16.Byservingothers,apersonfocusesonsomeoneotherthanhimselforherself,______canbeveryeye-openingandrewarding.
A.whoB.which
C.whatD.that
17.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolongerwhatitwas20yearsago,______itwassopoorlyequipped.
A.whenB.which
C.whatD.that
18.Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,__________weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.
A.whichB.where
C.whoD.that
非限制性定语从句中，which和as都可以指整个句子，但as还有“正如”的意思，which放句末
19.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.
A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it
Book2Unit5介词+关系代词引导定语从句
1.某些动词，形容词，名词搭配，如talktosb.中的介词置于定语从句之前，这时则要考虑使用介词+相应的关系代词的结构。
20.Thecomputer,______hepaid￥3,000,wasonceownedbyhisuncle.
A.whichB.forwhich
C.thatD.tothat
21.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,_____NewYorkisanexample.
A.forwhichB.inwhich
C.ofwhichD.fromwhich
22.Guncontrolisasubject_______Americanshavearguedforalongtime.
A.ofwhich B.withwhich
C.aboutwhich D.intowhich
2.介词+关系代词代替关系副词，其中介词的选择看先行词的固定搭配
23.Thereason_______hewaslateagainwasthathewascaughtinatrafficjamintherushhour.
A.whichB.inwhi
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