An Analysis of the Abject Fate of a Small PotatoJulien本科 英语专业毕业论Word文件下载.docx

An Analysis of the Abject Fate of a Small PotatoJulien本科 英语专业毕业论Word文件下载.docx

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AnAnalysisoftheAbjectFateofaSmallPotato------Julien

Introduction

NovelRedandBlackhasbeenpublishedaboutthehistoryof200years,thenovelreflectstheexperienceofyoungpettybourgeoisieuniversaldestiny.ThenovelshowsusJulian’sabjectfate.The“Black”ofthetitlerepresentstheRomanCatholicChurch.The“Red”isabroadersymbol,suggestingtheRevolution,theRepublic,theEmpireofNapoleon,andmoregeneralizedconceptsofcourageanddaring.JulienisaferventadmirerofNapoleon,isborntoolatefortheRed,buthe“knowshowtochoosetheuniformofhiscentury”andoptsforthepriesthood.Thenovelis,inthisregard,asatiricportrayalofFranceundertheRestoration,theconservativereactionthatfollowedtheEmpireandthatdependedforitscontinuanceuponrepressingyoungmenlikeJulien.InhisflamingspeechathistrialJulienaccuseshisaccusersofbeingnobetterthanhimselfandofpunishinghimforbeing“aplebianinrevolt.”

Inthisnovel,theauthorshowsusJuien’sabjectfate.Ineventhefailureiscausedbythetimesandsociety,inturn,thecomplexityofhischaracterdecision.Restorationinthatdarkera,evenasacivilianintellectualinordertogaintheirsocialstatus,tothearistocraticbourgeoisiethespiritofresistanceandstruggleshouldgivetheaffirmative.Hisadmirationofthecharacterisdifficult,nodoubtatthetimeandprogressive.Evenashortnovelbytheherointhetragedyoflife,andhisupperclasssociety,withthetenaciousenemycombatants,fullyexposedthereactionaryrestorationofmonarchy,thedark.Ineventheshortlifeexperienceshowsthat,asinthearistocraticsocietywillneverallowevenoriginofsuchacivilianyouthamongtheupperranksofsociety.Julienissupercilious,enthusiasm,determination,butselfish,skeptical.Growingwereblindedbytheupperclassinsocietycorruptseventhesoul;

hecontributedtotheupwarddesireandambitions.Eveninthedarkterrorseminary,witnessedmanipulatestrategically,revealstheuglyinside,soheofferedadouble-dealingtactics,suchbehaviorhasbeentheduplicityofthetableandpatronsstare.Seminarylivesevenfurtherdistortedinthecharacter,andstrengthenhisclimbingambitionsandhypocrisystyle.SothereasonofJulian’sfatehasmanyaspects.Thebackground,Julien’scharacterandhislovewithtwowomenallresultJulien’sabjectfate.Iwilllistfromthenext.

ChapterOneBackground

TheRedandBlackthebookincirculationrevolutionizedinJuly,1830before,takeschargeofsoupreachesunexpectedlypictureisunderstandsclearlyhistoricalmovementthisoneinevitablytendsto.TheRedandBlackwasjustasintegralapartofthe1830Revolutionastheactualfightingitself

1.1Auther’sBackground

BornHenriBeylein1783inFrance,Stendhalwasperhapsthemostinfluentialnovelistofthenineteenthcentury,inspiringsuchwritersasBalzac,Flaubert,andZola.Stendhallivedinaworldwroughtbypoliticalandculturalchange.HewassixyearsoldwhentheRevolutionof1789began,youngenoughtoapproveofthenewrepublicbutalsooldenoughtorememberabsolutismunderLouisXVI.TiredofParis,Stendhalyearnedforamoreadventurouslife.HegothischanceafterNapoleonBonaparte’scoupd’etatin1799.Eagerformilitaryglory,StendhalbecameanardentsupporterofNapoleonandenlistedintheFrencharmyin1800.ForthenextfourteenyearshefoughtinpracticallyallofNapoleon’scampaigns,achievinggloryinItalyandAustria,butalsosufferingbitterdefeatatthehandsofRussiaandGreatBritain.Napoleon’sfallwasalsoStendhal’s.HewasforcedtofleetoItalyastheBourbonmonarchywasreestablishedintheplaceofthe（Napoleonic）Empire.

Thisperiod,knownastheRestoration,markedatimeofintensepoliticaldebate.ThefadingaristocracyorconservativestriedtoreintroduceabsolutismandconsolidatepoliticalpowerintheCatholicChurchandtheArmy.ButarisingmiddleclasswithcommercialandindustrialinterestshadbecomeadominantsocialforcethroughoutFrance.Thisbourgeoisie,nostalgicfortheglorydaysoftheRevolutionandNapoleon,soughtareturntoaconstitutionalmonarchyandmorelaissez-faireeconomicpolicy.

AsamemberofthiseducatedbourgeoiseliteandexiledsupporterofNapoleon,StendhalsupportedtheJuly1830Revolution,whichestablishedaconstitutionalmonarchyandareturntothevaluesof1789.AssoonasthefirstParisianshadtakenuparms,StendhalbeganwritingTheRedandtheBlack.Subtitled“AChronicleof1830,”StendhalusedthenoveltopaintaportraitofFrenchsocietyduringthefinaldaysoftheRestoration.TracingtheadventuresofJulienSorel,who,likeStendhalhimself,isawell-educatedbourgeoisliberalandadmirerofNapoleon,TheRedandtheBlackexposestheclimacticpoliticaltensionleadingtothe1830Revolution.FromtheprovincialnobilitytotheCatholicChurch,totheeliteParisianaristocracy,Stendhaldepictsasocietyabouttoundergoaprofoundchange--achangethatthedyingaristocracywillnotlivetosee.

Stendhaldecidedtotakethemodelofhistoricalfictiononestepfurtherbywritingaboutacontemporaryevent,the1830Revolution.Unlikeotherexamplesofhistoricalfiction,suchasDumas’TheThreeMusketeers,Stendhalsoughttoexposemodern-daypoliticaltensionsandcorruptionratherthaneventsofthepast.ThereisthusacertainamountofurgencyinStendhal’swriting,denyinghisreadersthenoveltyofataleaboutchivalryandtheoldregime.Instead,theyareforcedtoexaminetheflawsandconsequencesoftheirownsociety.Inthislight,TheRedandBlackwasjustasintegralapartofthe1830Revolutionastheactualfightingitself.

1.2SocialBackground

Thewriterwritingunfolds,firstisentireFrenchsociety’sonetypicalwindow-----smallcityVarriale’spoliticalpattern.ThearistocratisbornGermanSwitzerlandthatmayorisrestoresthedynastyinherehighestrepresentative,themaintenancerestorationpoliticalpower,preventsthebourgeoisiefreepartymemberisinpowerinpoliticsregardsastheinherentresponsibilities.PoorcollectionpostmanagerValnothepromiseoriginallyisthepettybourgeois,asaresultofhiresoneselfthechurchsecretorganizationsaintcanobtainthenowthefatdifference,thusoneselfwithrestorationpoliticalpowerhitchinsameplace.TranscriptionhallFatherMaslonisthespywhichthechurchsends,allpeople’swordsanddeedsallunderhissurvei8llance,thetimewhichmutuallysupportsinthiskingplaceandthesacrificialaltar,ispersonwhichwieldsgreatpowerwithgreatarrogance.Thesethreepeopleconstitute“ThreeheadsPolitic”,reflectedtherestorationinfluencetheaspectwhichyouthecityarrogatedallpowerstooneselfinVarriale.Buttheiropposite,isalargenumber,hasthehugeeconomicpotentialityaggressivebourgeoisiefreepartymember.Stendhaldescribestothepeopleguaranteeskingpartymember’sbedomineeringandtyrannical,ontheonehandagainletthepeopledrawsuchconclusion:

Graspshastheeconomicpotentialitythebourgeoisie,alsowilldecideinpoliticsisthefinalvictor.TheRedandBlackthebookincirculationrevolutionizedinJuly,1830before,takeschargeofsoupreachesunexpectedlypictureisunderstandsclearlyhistoricalmovementthisoneinevitablytendsto.

1.3FamilyBackground

Julien,whoisthekeyfigureinthisnovel,isthenineteen-year-oldsonofawoodcutterintheprovincialtownofVerriè

res.HewasasonofacarpenterinVerrieres,inwhicheverypeoplewasselfish,arrogantandeagertobemoneybags.Julianandhisfathercannotgetalongwitheachother.Hisfatherandbrothersoftenhithim.Julienissensitiveandscholarly,andisunsuitedtothetradeofhisfather.Julienhasromanticdreamsofachievingpowerandglory,andofovercominghislowsocialstatusasthesonofatradesman.HedreamsofbeinglikeNapoleon,butseesthatmilitaryabilityisnotpresentlythebestwaytohaveasuccessfulcareer.Thus,hedecidestoprepareforacareerinthechurchratherthaninthearmy.HestudiestheologywithFatherChé

lan,theeighty-year-oldpriestofthelocalparish.

ChapterTwoTheCausesoftheTragedies

ThisnovelshowsusthetragediesofJulien’s.TherearesomereasonsforJulien’stragedies.Thistragedyreflectsthesmallpotato’sabjectfate.Julien’sstatusandhischaractersalsodeterminedhistragedies.

2.1Julien’sClassStatus

Throughouthisextremelyshort-lived,butfullofturbulenceintheyounglife,flowingwithtoomanycontradictionsandcomplicated.Inthisregard,peoplecanmakealotofjudge-isasmallprivatelyownedbythetragedyoftheblindpursuitofpersonalinterests;

ananti-feudalwarriorsacrifices,etc.Eachhastheirownviews,buttheyarewithinreason.Civilianorigin,highcultureandtheFamily,teachers,andthehostesstookplaceromance,thingsexposed,shotlover,wassentencedtodeath,theskeletonofhislife,“thepursuitof”happiness“warm”and“perseverance”,andclassdifferencesresistanceshownbytheheroicspiritisalmosttouchingthefleshandblood.Theauthorsusedwaterdownthematerialdescribedandprominenttrackapproachtostrengthentheheart,itisnoteveninyoungpeople’simpulsewastopursue“HerooftheDream”experience,andthisisthatsocietyformsofresistance,isalsoamediocrity,wastedyouth’sresistance.Promisingyoungpeopleineventhesurfaceisdestroyedinthemorbidlove,isactuallydestroyedasickFrenchsocietyatthattime.

Julienisyoung,handsome,strong-minded,smartandcompetent,whowantstorelyonindividualeffortsandstruggleupperclass.Noblesou