主谓一致语法及考点讲解 附练习题和详解Word文件下载.docx
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2.therebe句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。
如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。
Therearetwochairsandadeskintheroom.
Thereisapen，fivepencilsandtwobooksonthedesk.
考点4：
逻辑意义一致原则
逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致（因有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数；
有时形式为复数，但意义为单数）。
1.what，who，which，any，more，all等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意思来决定。
Whichisyourbag？
/Whichareyourbags？
/Allisgoingwell./AllhavegonetoBeijing.
★2.表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体，如：
Thirtyminutesisenoughforthework.
3.若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。
“TheArabianNights”isaninterestingstory-book.
4.表数量的短语“oneandahalf”后接复数名词作主语时，其谓语动词可用单数形式。
Oneandahalfapplesisleftonthetable.
5.算式中表示数目（字）的主语通常作单数看待，其谓语动词采用单数形式。
Twelvepluseightistwenty./Fifty-sixdividedbyeightisseven.
★6.一些学科名词是以–ics结尾，如：
mathematics，politics，physics以及news，works等，都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
Thepaperworkswasbuiltin1990./Ithinkphysicsisn‘teasytostudy.
7.trousers，glasses，clothes，shoes，等词作主语时，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a（the）pairof等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
Myglassesarebroken./Thepairofshoesunderthebedishis.
★8.“定冠词the+形容词或分词”，表示某一类人时，动词用复数。
如：
Theoldarehappy.
9.如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；
如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。
这些词有family，class，crowd，committee，population，audience等。
ClassFourisonthethirdfloor./ClassFourareunabletoagreeuponamonitor.
people，police，cattle等名词一般都用作复数。
Thepolicearelookingforthelostchild
考点5：
代词做主语的考查点
Each，either，neither或由some-，any-，no-，every-构成的代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Neitherofthemisinterestedinfolksongs.他们两人都对民歌不感兴趣。
Eitherofthestoriesisastonishing.这两个故事中的任何一个都令人惊讶。
Somebodyiswaitingforyouattheschoolgate.有人在学校大门口等你。
注意：
—none做主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。
但当none指代不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数。
Noneofthemoneyinthedrawerismine.抽屉里的钱没有一点是我的。
Nonehas/havebeenfound。
一个也没有找到。
—each作同位语时，谓语动词的单复数根据主语而定，不受其影响。
Thestudentseachhaveatextbook.每个学生都有一本课本。
考点6：
oneof+复数名词/代词的考查点
采用语法一致的原则，谓语动词用单数
oneofthestudentsinmyclassisfromHongkong.我们班有一位学生来自香港。
在宾语从句中例外，因为关系代词who/that/which最靠近复数名词而不是one，故定语从句中的谓语动词用复数形式。
只有one之前出现theonly，thevery等修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词才用单数形式。
Heisoneofthestudentswhohavepassedtheexam.
他是通过考试的学生之一。
Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexam.
他是通过这次考试的唯一的一名学生。
:
考点7：
对并列词and的考查
由连接词and或both……and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。
LucyandLilyaretwins.
SheandIareclassmates.
Theboyandthegirlweresurprisedwhentheyheardthenews.
BothsheandheareYoungPioneers.
（1）若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，如：
breadandbutter，lawandorder，warandpeace等，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。
Thewriterandartisthascome.
Breadandbutteriswhatweusuallyhaveforbreakfast.
（2）由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no，each，everymorethana（an），manya（an）修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
Everystudentandeveryteacherwasintheroom./
Noboyandnogirllikesit.
考点8：
对of引导的短语的考查
由“alotof，lotsof，allof，mostof，halfof，someof，plentyof，therestof，themajorityof+名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。
若of后面接不可数名词或单数形式的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；
但如果后接可数名词的复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
Alotofmoneyiswasted.许多钱被浪费了
Therearealotofpeopleintheclassroom.
Someofthecitizensarefortheplan.有些市民赞同这个计划
Therestofthelectureiswonderful.
50%ofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.
Onethirdofhismoneyisspentonbooks.
anumberof“许多”，作定语修饰复数名词，谓语用复数；
thenumberof“……的数量”，主语是number，谓语用单数。
anumberofnewhouseshavebeenbuiltthere.
Thenumberofthepeoplewhoknowthesecretismylimited.
考点9：
manya和morethanone+n的特殊用法
尽管其意义是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式。
Manyastudentisbusygoingovertheirlessons.
许多学生正忙着复习功课。
more+复数名词+thanone做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Morechildrenthanonewereplayingintheshadeofthetree.
不止一个孩子在树荫下玩。
练习：
1.
One-third
of
the
area
_____
covered
with
green
trees.
About
seventy
percent
trees
been
planted.
A.
are;
have
B.
is;
has
C.
D.
2.
The
number
teachers
in
our
college
greatly
increased
last
term.A
this
school
from
countryside.
was;
is
are
were;
3.
What
population
China?
of
workers
here.
4.
Not
only
he
but
also
we
right.
He
as
well
we
5.
he’d
like
a
digital
watch.
textbooks.
6.
one
boys
who
here
on
time.
A.
come;
come
B.
D.
7.
Either
you
or
interested
playing
chess.
fond
music
at
present?
Are
Is
8.
Many
professor
looking
forward
to
visiting
Germany
now.
scientists
studied
animals
and
plants
two
years.
9.
A
knife
fork
table.
10.
Her
family
much
larger
than
mine
four
years
ago.
dancing
singing
when
I
came
night.
was
were
11.
How
why
Jack
China
not
known.
When
where
build
new
library
decided.
12.
Now
Tom
together
his
classmates
football
playground.
play
plays
13.
Two
hundred
fifty
pounds
too
unreasonable
price
for
second-hand
car.
be
14.
All
Dick
Class
Three
term.
15.
Soon
after
earthquake,
every
man,
woman
child
about
it.
talking
talk
talks
16.
_____
land
that
district
grass.
fifth;
fifths;
C.
17.
My
friend
classmate
Paul
motorcycles
spare
race
races
raced
racing
18.
There
pen,
pencils,
three
books
desk.
19.
factory,
including
its
machines
buildings,
burnt
20.
Climbing
hills
great
help
health.
21.
Not
teacher
students
excited.
22.
injured
tsunami
good
care
by
some
medical
teams.
taken
being
taking
23.
As
meeting
four,
ten
minutes
all
can
you.
24.
Each
man
each
asked
fire
broke
out.
25.
60
south;
rest
them
north
foreign
countries.
1.Three______diedintheterriblefireinLuoyanglastwinter.
A.hundredspeopleB.hundredpeople
C.hundredspeoplesD.hundredpeoples
2.Eitheryouorthepresident_______theprizestothesegiftedwinnersatthemeeting.
A.ishandingoutB.aretohandout
C.arehandingoutD.istohandout
3.I,who______yourclosefriend,willtrymybesttohelpyououtoftrouble.
A.amB.isC.areD.be
4.TheOlympicGamesintheyear2008______inBeijingofChina,which______knowntousall.
A.istohold;
isB.isto
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