作文词汇句型修辞文档格式.docx

作文词汇句型修辞文档格式.docx

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c）Thecompaniesoftenrunintoconflicts--amultitudeoflittlethingsthatescalateintobigbattles.

d）Herfunctionistopassontostudentsthatvaststoreofknowledgeshehasacquired.

e）Butintheeveningtheoverwhelmingmajorityofthepublicpreferstostayathometowatchamovieratherthangoout.

f）Asizablepercentageofthepioneerswereself-disciplinedpeople,buttheywerealmostasintolerantofothers'

views.

g）Chinamustfacetheproblemofbuildingupwardstoaccommodatea

considerableproportionofitspopulationinhighblocksofflats.

h）Largesegmentsofthepopulationofmanydevelopingcountriesare

economicallypowerless.

i）Manyacrossthiscountryareawareofthiseffect,andaconsiderable

portionofthemarehopingamarkedreductioninthevideoviolence.

j）Anorganization,forinstance,recentlyexaminedaverylargenumberofmenworkinginaconstructionsite.

k）Thusthebulkofthelanguageacquisitionofthehighschoolgraduatetakesplaceinformallyfirstinthehome.

再如：

“好学生”，大多数学生就是用goodstudents。

而英语中表示“好学生”的有很多：

topstudents，smartstudents，giftedstudents，superiorstudents，excellentstudents，outstandingstudents

此外，表示“学生”也不一定都用students，可用schoolboysandgirls或collegepopulations等等。

问题不在于这个表达比那个表达更好，而在于变化，也就是说，在一篇文章中尽可能用不同的词来表达同一个意思。

我们来看下面一些词语变化的实际应用。

1）TheprincipalofagreatPhiladelphiahighschoolisdriventocryforhelpincombatingthenotionthatitisundemocratictorunaspecialprogramofstudiesforoutstandingboysandgirls.Again,whenagoodindependentschoolinMemphisrecentlyclosed,somethoughtfulcitizensurgedthatitbetakenoverbythepublicschoolsystemandusedforboysandgirlsofhighability,thatithaveentrancerequirementsandgivenanadvancedprogramofstudiestosuperiorstudentswhowereinterestedandabletotakeit.

--SeymourSt.John:

TheFifthFreedom

好学校:

agreathighschool,agoodindependentschool

高级课程:

aspecialprogramofstudies,anadvancedprogramofstudies

好学生:

outstandingboysandgirls,boysandgirlsofhighability,superiorstudents

2）Hardworkisn'

tthewholestoryeither.Someofthesehigh-achievingstudentsactuallyputinfewerhoursthantheirlower-scoringclassmates.Thestudentsatthetopoftheclassgettherebymasteringafewbasictechniquesthatotherscaneasilylearn.Here,accordingtoeducationexpertsandstudentsthemselves,arethesecretsofAstudents.

--EdwinKiester:

SecretsofAStudents

成绩优秀学生:

high-achievingstudents,Thestudentsatthetopoftheclass,Astudents

3）IsthesoleaimofmostAmericanstomakemoneyandpossessluxurieswhichcouldbecalledexcessive?

ThemajorityofAmericanswouldcertainlydenythis,thoughmostfeelproudtoamasswealthandpossessionsthroughhardwork.

--TheAmericanCharacter

大多数美国人:

mostAmericans,ThemajorityofAmericans

积聚财富:

makemoneyandpossessluxuries,amasswealthandpossessions

4）Indeed,asoneimaginetheundergroundworldtobecomeincreasinglyelaborate,onecanvisualizemuchofthefoodsupplyeventuallyderivingfromhydroponicsgrowthinartificiallyilluminatedareasunderground.

--IsaacAsimov想象：

imagine,visualize

5）Thepressandtelevisionkeepshowingusthefaultsofthepublicfigures,untilwelosefaithandstartlookingfordefectsinanypersonwhoseemsworthyofrespect.Inaneighbororastatesman,wetrytodiscovertheweaknessesoruglymotivesthataresurelyhidingbehindhisnobleactions.

--AChangingScene

缺点:

faults,defects,weaknesses

6）Retirementoftenbringsmanyproblemssurroundingthe"

WhatdoIdowithmyselftoday?

"

question,eventhoughtheremaybenofinancialcares.Largenumbersofpeopleregularlygetheadachesandotherill-nessesonweekendswhentheydon'

thavetheirjobstogoto,andmustfendforthemselves.Ithasbeenobservedthatunemployment,quitea-sidefromexertingfinancialpressures,bringsenormouspsychologicaltroublesandthatmanyindividualsdeterioraterapidlywhenjobless.

--LonardR.Sayles

问题:

problems,question,trouble

经济拮据:

financialcares,financialpressures

许多:

many,enormous,largenumbersof

人:

people,individuals

失业:

unemployment,jobless

7）Aseniorexecutive'

sinstinctivecapacitytoempathizewithandgaininsightsfromcustomersisthesinglemostimportantskillheorshecanusetodirecttechnologies,productandserviceofferings,indeed,allelementsofacompany'

sstrategicposture.PeoplelikeBillGatesbroughtthisabilitytotheenterprisestheyfounded.Withoutit,theirventuresmighthavebeenshort-livedoratleastfarlesssuccessful.Butmanytop-levelmanagers,particularlythoseatindustrialcompanies,considercustomercontactthebailiwickofsalesandmarketingstaff.

高级经理:

seniorexecutive,top-levelmanagers

公司企业:

companies,ventures,enterprises.

能力:

capacity,skill,ability

8）Thepersonalcomputerrevolutionhappenedandithasaffectedmillionsoflives.Ithasledustoplaceswehadbarelyimagined.Weareallbeginninganothergreatjourney.Wearen'

tsurewherethisonewillleaduseither,butagainIamcertainthisrevolutionwilltouchevenmorelivesandtakeusallfarther.ThebenefitsandproblemsarisingfromthisupcomingcommunicationsrevolutionwillbemuchgreaterthanthosebroughtaboutbythePCrevolution.

--BillGates

影响:

affect,touch

把我们带到:

leadus,takeus

引起:

arisingfrom,broughtabout

9）Whatwasitthatenabledthemtobecomegreat?

Weretheybornwithsomethingspecial?

OrdidtheirgreatnesshavemoretodoWithtiming,devotionand,perhaps,anuncompromisingpersonality?

...Aneversurrenderattitude.Ifgreatachieversshareanything,itisaunrelentingdrivetosucceed.Thereisatendencytothinkthattheyareendowedwithsomethingsuper-normal.

--MichaelRyan

天生:

bebornwith,beendowedwith

特别的:

somethingspecial,somethingsupernormal

永不屈服的精神:

Aneversurrenderattitude,anunrelentingdrivetosucceed

伟人:

becomegreat,greatachievers

10）Asachild,Einsteinbecamefascinatedwiththewaymagnetsaredrawntometal."

Hecouldn'

tstopthinkingaboutthisstuff"

Simontonpointedout."

Hebecameobsessedwithproblemsinphysicsbythetimehewas16,andheneverstoppedworkingoutthem.

迷住:

becamefascinatedwith,becameobsessedwith

思考研究:

thinkabout,workout

11）Childrenareentitledtospecialconsiderationfortworeasons:

helplessnessandinnocence.Theyhavenotyetacquiredeitherthefacultyofreasonorthewisdomofexperience.Consequently,theyaredefenselessandblameless.That'

swhywegrantthemspecialprotection.Inanemergency,itisourdutytosavethemfirstbecausethey,helpless,haveputtheirlivesinourhands.Andinwartime,theyaresupposedtobeprotectedbyspecialimmunitybecausetheycanhavethreatenedoroffendednoone.

--CharlesKmuthammer

受特别保护:

beentitledtospecialconsideration,grantthemspecialprotection,protectedbyspecialimmunity

无助:

helplessness,defenseless,haveputtheirlivesinourhands

无辜:

innocence,blameless,threatenedoroffendednoone

12）Atypicalexampleofthisabilityisthecaseofawomanwhoclaimsthatherintuitionpreventedeachofherfivechildrenfromseriousmishaps.Anotherinterestingillustrationofthissixsenseinvolvesthefamousescapeartist.

举例:

exampleof,illustrationof

直觉:

intuition,sixsense

13）Thedeafeningnoise,andtheglareoftheenginefire,wouldhavea

hadeffectonnerves.Further,beingmovedthroughtheairatahigh

speedwoulddogreatinjurytodelicatelungs.Thesuddenplungingof

atrainintothedarknessofatunnel,andtheequallysuddenrushinto

fulldaylight,wouldcausegreatdamagetoeyesight.

损害:

haveabadeffecton,dogreatinjuryto,causegreatdamageto

冲进:

plunge,rush

14）Whenparentsurgetheirchildrentostudyhardandgetgoodgrades,

thechildrenknowthatthepayoffwillnotbesocialacceptancebytheir

schoolmates.Therewardsarenotconsistentwithvaluestaughtathome.

回报:

payoff,rewards

15）Beyondcheckingthereportforclarityandaccuracyinthepresentationoftheresult,youshouldalsoreviewitforbasicgrammaticalandmechanicalaccuracy.

检查:

check,review

16）Thisnewcivilizationbringswithitnewfamilystyles;

changedways

ofworking,loving,andliving;

aneweconomy;

newpoliticalconflicts;

andbeyondallthisanalteredconsciousnessaswell.

新的:

new,changed,altered

17）Asianparentsareabletoinstillmoremotivationintheirchildren.

Buthowtheyimbuetheiroffspringwiththiskindofmotivation.

灌输:

instill,imbue

instillasenseofresponsibilityinchildren给孩子灌输责任意识

beimbuedwithambition满怀雄心

孩子:

children,offspring

18）Thequestionofwhatistobedonetoregulateandcontrolexploitationoftheseabedsisnolongeratheoreticalmatter.Itisaproblemofinternationalconcern.

question,matter,problem

19）Nowadays,weneverallowourselvestheconvenienceofbeingtemporarilyunavailable,eventostrangers.Withtelephonesandbeepers,peoplemakethemselvesinstantlyaccessibletoeveryone