译林牛津高二模块五Unit3 词汇和语法下学案文档格式.docx
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类似用法的动词还有:
address(向...发表演说);
brief(向...作简要介绍)。
E.g.Headdressedanaudienceof10,000supporters.他向一万名支持者发表了演说。
词汇2.figureout计算出,弄懂,弄明白
【教材原句】Heisalwaysworkinginhislab,tryingtofigureoutallthemysteriesthatmakehimpuzzled.他一直都在实验室里工作,努力弄明白所有那些让他迷惑的奥秘。
1.Theycan’tfigureouthowmuchmoneywillbeneededtopushaheadwiththeproject._______
2.Ican’tfigureouthowhesucceededinfinishinghisworkinsuchashorttime._____________
1.计算出;
2.琢磨不出
【链接】
figuresbtobe_______________料想某人是figurein______________把...考虑在内
figureon________________预料到,计划begoodatfigures_____________擅长计算
have/keepagoodfigure________________有/保持好身材
词汇3.burnout耗尽,筋疲力尽;
烧坏,烧掉,烧尽
【教材原句】I’mtotallyburntout.我完全累垮了。
1.Ifheworkssohardregardlessofhishealth,hewillbeindangerofburninghimselfout._____
2.Thehotelwascompletelyburntout._____________________
1.把他自己累垮;
2.烧毁了
burnup____________被烧毁,被烧掉(通常指烧掉除建筑物以外的东西)
burnaway_____________烧掉,烧光burndown_______________烧毁
burn...totheground________________把..烧为平地burnwithanger___________怒火中烧
burnoff_______________烧掉,消耗掉
burnone’sbridge/boats_________________破釜沉舟
误区警示:
burnup,burnaway,burndown这三个短语既可以用作及物动词短语,也可以用作不及物动词短语;
但burnoff一般只用作及物动词短语
词汇4.relationn.[U](人或事物之间的)联系,关联,关系;
[C](人、团体,国家之间的)关系,联系
【教材原句】PublicRelationsManager公关部经理
1.Thecostofthisprojectbearsnorelationtotheresults._______________________
2.Relationsbetweenthetwocountrieshaveimprovedrecently.___________________
1.此项目的费用与其成果不相称;
2.两国之间的关系
relation作“国家、公司、组织等之间的正式关系,人或团体之间的关系”讲解时常用复数形式
inrelationto(=about)___________________相对某事物而言,关于某事物
E.g.Thismonth’sproductionofthatfactoryhasdecreasedinrelationtolastmonth’s.
relatevt.把...联系起来vi.有关,涉及(常与介词to连用)
relate...to/with__________________把....与...联系起来
berelatedto_____________________与...有关系
E.g.1.Ican’trelatewhathedoestowhathesays.
2.Thebreakthroughincloningthatscientistshavemadeisrelatedtotheirhardwork.
词汇5.Followinone’sfootsteps效仿某人;
继承某人的事业,步某人的后尘
【教材原句】...butthisdoesnotmeanthatweshouldfollowinhissteps.但这并不意味着我们应效仿他们。
1.Yourbrothercommittedacrime.Youshouldn’tfollowinhissteps.____________________
2.Sheworksineducation,followinginherfather’sfootsteps.____________________
1.你不应该步他后尘;
2.继承父业
asfollows_________________如下followthefashion_______________赶时髦
followtherule______________遵循这条规则itfollowsthat..._____________其结果是
followone’sadvice____________听从某人的忠告
注意下面句子中的followed与following的不同:
1.Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,followedbyhisstudents.那位老师走进教室,后面跟着他的学生。
2.Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,followinghisstudents.那位老师跟在他的学生后面走进教室。
词汇6.majorityn.大多数,过半数
【教材原句】IamsurethatifyouconductedasurveyamongUKcitizens,itwouldshowthatthemajorityofpeoplewouldnotsupportthistypeofscientificresearch.
我敢确定如果你在英国民众中作调查,调查将显示大部分人不支持这种科学研究。
1.Amongthemembersofthecommitteethosewhofavourtheproposedchangesareinthemajority._________________
2.Themajorityofpeoplebelievesmokingisharmfultohealth.__________________
3.Themajorityis/aredoingits/theirbesttohelpsolvetheproblemofclimatechange._______
1.占大多数;
2.大多数人;
3.多数人
beinthe/amajority______________构成大部分,大多数
themajorityof后跟名词复数作主语,谓语动词用复数;
后跟单数名词做主语,谓语动词用单数;
themajority单独作主语,若强调整体,谓语动词用单数;
若强调个体,谓语动词用复数
minorityn.少数,少数民族,少数派
beinthe/aminority____________占少数,成为少数派
词汇7.insummary总的来说,概括起来
【教材原句】Insummary,IinsistthatyoutaketheopinionsofthepeopleoftheUKintoconsideration,andendthispracticeimmediately.
总的来说,我坚决主张你应该考虑英国人民的意见,立即结束这种做法。
【例句研读】
1.Insummary,yourerrorofjudgmentledtothefailureofinvestment.
give/makeasummary(of)_________________做(...的)摘要
tosumup(=insum)_________________总体来说
asmall/largesumofmoney______________一小笔/一大笔钱
take...Intoconsideration把...考虑在内
underconsideration________________在考虑中,在研究中
inconsiderationof________________考虑到,顾及
consider....as_________________把...看做...
considerdoingsth________________考虑做某事
considersb./sth.(tobe)+adj./n._______________________认为某人/某物(是)...
E.g.1.Ialwaystakefuelconsumptionintoconsiderationwhenbuyingacar.
2.Whenthedevelopingeconomy,wehavetotakeenvironmentalprotectionintoconsideration.
词汇8.reliableadj.可靠的,可信赖的
【教材原句】Throughcloning,wecanthusmakesurethatwewillhaveareliablesupplyofhigh-qualityfoodforyearstocome.
通过克隆,我们可以确保在未来几年内我们会有可信赖的,高质量的食物供应。
1.Hewon’tletyoudown,he’sreliable.________________________
2.Theengine’sperformanceisnotveryreliable._____________________
3.Ourinformationcomesfromareliablesource._____________________
1.他不会让你失望,他值得信赖;
2.这台发动机的性能不是很稳定;
3.我们的消息来源可靠
relyon/upon信赖(后若接that从句,则要先加it.)
词汇9.Briefadj.短暂的,简短的
【教材原句】Forexample,clonedanimalsarenotveryhealthy-theynearlyalwayslivebrief,painfullivescomparedwithordinaryanimals.
例如,克隆出来的动物不是很健康,它们几乎总是活得很短暂,很痛苦。
Tobebrief______________简明扼要地说inbrief_______________简单地说,简言之
E.g.1.Tobebrief,hewashappywiththeresult.
2.Inbrief,heisnolongerastrangerhere.
【单词积累】
brieflyadv.简洁地,简要地,短暂地,暂时地
词汇10.confirmv.证实,证明,确认
【教材原句】Therefore,wecannotconfirmthatfoodfromclonedanimalsisreallysafeforhumantoeat.
因此,我们不能证明人们食用由克隆动物产出的食物是真正安全的。
1.Whatyouhavesaidconfirmsmyopinions.______________________
2.Haseveryoneconfirmedthatthey’recoming?
_______________________
3.Ithasbeenconfirmedthatthe31stOlympicGameswillbeheldinRiodeJaneiro._________
1.证实了我的看法;
2.他们是不是每个人都确认过一定会来?
3.已经确定
confirmsth.______________证明/确认某事confirmthat...________________证实
Ithasbeenconfirmedthat___________________已经确定
词汇11.infavourof赞成,支持
【教材原句】Wouldanyonesaythatdevelopmentshouldbestoppedinfavourofnature?
有人会说难道为了保护自然就应该停止经济发展吗?
1.Itstrikesmethatnobodyisinfavourofthechanges._____________________
2.Insummary,I’minfavouroftheproposal.______________________
1.支持这些改变;
2.我赞成这个提议
bein/outoffavour(withsb)______________________(不)受(某人)赏识的,(不)受(某人)欢迎的
inone’sfavour________________有助于某人,对某人有利
dosb.afavour/doafavourforsb____________________帮某人忙
dosb.afavourtodosth._________________________帮助某人做某事
winone’sfavour_____________________赢得某人的好感
findfavourwithsb._________________得宠于某人,受某人青睐
askafavourofsb._______________请某人帮忙asksb.afavour____________请某人帮忙
E.g.1.CouldyoudomeafavourtotellKellyIcan’tmakeit?
2.Theideamayfindfavourwitholdpeople.
词汇12.Fromthepointofviewofsb.(=fromone’spointofview)
依照某人的观点,根据某人的观点
【教材原句】Fromthepointofviewofsomepeople,weareonlydoingwhathumanshavealwaysdone,usingnaturetomeetourownneeds.根据有些人的观点,我们只是在做人类一直在做的事情,利用自然满足我们自己的需求。
E.g.Frommypointofview,thetheorythatwasputforwardbythescientistisnotquitescientific.
tothepoint___________恰当,中肯offthepoint____________离题
tothepointof(doing)sth.______________达到某种程度
beonthepointofdoingsth.When...___________________正要做某事,这时...
Thereisnopoint(in)doing______________________做...没有意义
inone’sopinion/view___________________在某人看来
E.g.Youcansticktoyourownpointofview,butinmyopinion,it’snotworththeeffortyouwillmake.
Meetone’sneeds(=meettheneedsofsb./satisfyone’sneeds)满足某人的需要
E.g.1.Thegovernmentistryingtomeetpeople’sneeds.
2.Thecharityexiststomeettheneedsofelderlypeople.
词汇13.frightenvt./vi(使某人)感到恐惧,使害怕,惊吓
【教材原句】Whilemanypeopleareexcitedaboutthesenewtechnologies,thesesametechnologiesfrightenothers.
当许多人为这些新技术兴奋不已时,这些同样的技术也让其他人害怕。
1.Wewerefrightenedbytheclonedmonster.________________________
2.Thechildren’sshoutsfrightenedoffthebirds.________________________
3.Hefrightenedmeintokeepingsilent.________________________
4.HedroveataspeedwhichfrightenedLauratodeath.________________________
1.我们被那头克隆的怪物吓坏了;
2.吓跑了鸟;
3.恐吓我要我保持沉默;
4.让劳拉吓得要死
frightenaway/off______________________将(人或动物)吓跑
frightensb.into/outofdoingsth____________________吓得某人做/不敢做某事
frightenab.Todeath____________________把某人吓得要死
frighteningadj.令人惊恐的,表示使人产生惊恐的感觉,常用来修饰事物;
frightenedadj.受惊吓的,害怕...的,常用来修饰人,表示自身感到惊恐
词汇14.haveaneffecton对...产生影响/起作用
【教材原句】NooneknowswhateffectstheGMmaterialmighthaveonthefoodchain.没有人知道转基因物质会给食物链带来什么影响。
1.Poornutritionwillhaveabadeffectonyourhealth._____________________
2.Mypointofviewhasaneffectonhischoiceofprofession._____________________
1.产生不好的影响;
2.影响
在短语haveaneffecton中,effect前面可以加一些修饰语,on也可以用upon替换。
如:
haveagood/badeffecton对....有...好/坏的影响;
havelittle/no/agreateffecton对...几乎没有/没有/有很大的影响,haveapositiveeffect